Deck 11: Angular Momentum

Question 1

A particle whose mass is 2.0 kg moves in the xy plane with a constant speed of 3.0 m/s along the direction . What is its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) relative to the point (0, 5.0) meters?

A) 12

B) 11

C) 13

D) 14

E) 21

Answer 1

21

Question 2

A solid cylinder of radius R = 1.0 m and mass 10 kg rotates about its axis. When its angular velocity is 10 rad/s, its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) is

A) 50.
B) 20.
C) 40.
D) 25.
E) 70.

Answer 2

50.

Question 3

A puck on a frictionless air hockey table has a mass of 5.0 g and is attached to a cord passing through a hole in the surface as in the figure. The puck is revolving at a distance 2.0 m from the hole with an angular velocity of 3.0 rad/s. The cord is then pulled from below, shortening the radius to 1.0 m. The new angular velocity (in rad/s) is

A) 4.0
B) 6.0
C) 12
D) 2.0
E) 8.0

Answer 3

12

Question 4

A particle of mass m = 0.10 kg and speed v₀ = 5.0 m/s collides and sticks to the end of a uniform solid cylinder of mass M = 1.0 kg and radius R = 20 cm. If the cylinder is initially at rest and is pivoted about a frictionless axle through its center, what is the final angular velocity (in rad/s) of the system after the collision?

A) 8.1
B) 2.0
C) 6.1
D) 4.2
E) 10

Question 5

A massless rope is wrapped around a uniform cylinder that has radius R and mass M, as shown in the figure. Initially, the unwrapped portion of the rope is vertical and the cylinder is horizontal. The linear acceleration of the cylinder is

A) (2/3)g
B) (1/2)g
C) (1/3)g
D) (1/6)g
E) (5/6)g

Question 6

A merry-go-round of radius R = 2.0 m has a moment of inertia I = 250 kg⋅m², and is rotating at 10 rpm. A child whose mass is 25 kg jumps onto the edge of the merry-go-round, heading directly toward the center at 6.0 m/s. The new angular speed (in rpm) of the merry-go-round is approximately

A) 10
B) 9.2
C) 8.5
D) 7.1
E) 6.4

Question 7

A particle whose mass is 2 kg moves in the xy plane with a constant speed of 3 m/s along the direction . What is its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) relative to the origin?

A) 0

B)

C)

D) 6

E) −6

Question 8

A skater extends her arms horizontally, holding a 5-kg mass in each hand. She is rotating about a vertical axis with an angular velocity of one revolution per second. If she drops her hands to her sides, what will the final angular velocity (in rev/s) be if her moment of inertia remains approximately constant at 5 kg⋅m², and the distance of the masses from the axis changes from 1 m to 0.1 m?

A) 6
B) 3
C) 9
D) 4
E) 7

Question 9

A pendulum bob of mass m is set into motion in a circular path in a horizontal plane as shown in the figure. The square of the angular momentum of the bob about the vertical axis through the point P is

A) m² gl³ sin⁴ θ/cos θ
B) m² gl³ sin³ θ/cos θ
C) m² gl³ sin² θ/cos θ
D) m² gl³ sin θ/cos θ
E) m² gl³ sin² θ

Question 10

In the figure, a 1.6-kg weight swings in a vertical circle at the end of a string having negligible weight. The string is 2 m long. If the weight is released with zero initial velocity from a horizontal position, its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) at the lowest point of its path relative to the center of the circle is approximately

A) 40
B) 10
C) 30
D) 20
E) 50

Question 11

A solid cylinder rolls without slipping down an incline as shown in the figure. The linear acceleration of its center of mass is

A) (5/7)g sin θ
B) (1/2)g sin θ
C) (2/3)g sin θ
D) (3/5)g sin θ
E) (4/5)g sin θ

Question 12

Two vectors lying in the xz plane are given by the equations and . The value of is

A)

B)

C) 7

D) −7

E)

Question 13

Two vectors lying in the xy plane are given by the equations and . The value of is

A) 19

B) −11

C) −19

D) 11

E) 10

Question 14

A solid sphere (radius R, mass M) rolls without slipping down an incline as shown in the figure. The linear acceleration of its center of mass is

A) (5/7)g sin θ
B) (3/5)g sin θ
C) (2/3)g sin θ
D) (1/2)g sin θ
E) (4/5)g sin θ

Question 15

A particle whose mass is 2 kg moves in the xy plane with a constant speed of 3 m/s in the x direction along the line y = 5. What is its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) relative to the origin?

A) −30

B) 30

C) −15

D) 15

E) 45

Question 16

A puck on a frictionless air hockey table has a mass of 5.0 kg and is attached to a cord passing through a hole in the surface as in the figure. The puck is revolving at a distance 2.0 m from the hole with an angular velocity of 3.0 rad/s. The angular momentum of the puck (in kg⋅m²/s) is

A) 80
B) 20
C) 30
D) 60
E) 50

Question 17

A particle located at the position vector m has a force N acting on it. The torque about the origin is

A) (1
)N⋅m
B) (5
)N⋅m
C) (−1
)N⋅m
D) (−5
)N⋅m
E) (2
+ 3
)N⋅m

Question 18

A car of mass 1 000 kg moves with a speed of 50 m/s on a circular track of radius 100 m. What is the magnitude of its angular momentum (in kg⋅m²/s) relative to the center of the race track?

A) 5.0 × 10²
B) 5.0 × 10⁶
C) 2.5 × 10⁴
D) 2.5 × 10⁶
E) 5.0 × 10³

Question 19

A thin rod of mass M and length L is struck at one end by a ball of clay of mass m, moving with speed v as shown in the figure. The ball sticks to the rod. After the collision, the angular momentum of the clay-rod system about A, the midpoint of the rod, is

A) (m + M/3)(vL/2)
B) (m + M/12)(vL/2)
C) (m + M/6)(vL/2)
D) mvL/2
E) mvL

Question 20

Two blocks, m₁ = 1.0 kg and m₂ = 2.0 kg, are connected by a light string as shown in the figure. If the radius of the pulley is 1.0 m and its moment of inertia is 5.0 kg⋅m², the acceleration of the system is

A) (1/6)g
B) (3/8)g
C) (1/8)g
D) (1/2)g
E) (5/8)g

Question 21

The object shown below has mass m and velocity . The direction of its angular momentum vector with respect to an axis perpendicular to the page through point O is

A) downwards.
B) to the right.
C) into the page.
D) up out of the page.
E) counterclockwise.

Question 22

The diagram below shows five cylinders, each cylinder rotating with constant angular velocity about its central axis. The magnitude of the tangential speed of one point of each cylinder is shown, along with each cylinder's radius and mass. Which cylinder has the largest angular momentum?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 23

A torque can be exerted on a body with a fixed axis of rotation

A) only by a centripetal force.
B) only by a force directed radially outwards.
C) only by a tangential force.
D) only by a force with a component directed radially outwards.
E) by any force not pointing directly toward or away from the axis of rotation.

Question 24

The diagram below shows five thin cylindrical shells, each shell rotating with constant angular velocity about its central axis. The magnitude of the tangential speed of one point of each cylinder is shown, along with each cylinder's radius and mass. Which cylindrical shell has the largest angular momentum?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 25

A top is set spinning so that the rotation is counterclockwise around its axis when viewed from above. When the top is placed on a level surface it happens that its axis of rotation is not quite vertical. Viewed from above, which way does the rotational axis of the top precess?

A) clockwise
B) counterclockwise
C) It's random, if it starts clockwise it will continue clockwise, and vice versa, i.e., a 50% chance either way.
D) The direction depends on the little shove given to the axis when the top is placed on the surface.
E) In the northern hemisphere it will be clockwise, in the southern hemisphere it will be counterclockwise.

Question 26

Five identical cylinders are each acted on by forces of equal magnitude. Which force exerts the biggest torque about the central axes of the cylinders?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 27

A cylindrical shell rolls without slipping down an incline as shown in the figure. The linear acceleration of its center of mass is

A) (5/7)g sin θ
B) (1/2)g sin θ
C) (3/5)g sin θ
D) (2/3)g sin θ
E) (4/5)g sin θ

Question 28

When an object is effectively isolated from external torques, like an ice skater twirling on the tip of one skate, the angular momentum of the object

A) can be increased by shifting mass out away from the axis of rotation.
B) can be decreased by shifting mass out away from the axis of rotation.
C) can be increased by shifting mass in toward the axis of rotation.
D) can be decreased by shifting mass in toward the axis of rotation.
E) cannot be changed except by friction at the point of contact.

Question 29

Two objects of mass m₁ = 2m and m₂ = m move around a rotation axis A in parallel circles of radii r₁ = r and r₂ = 2r with equal tangential speeds. As they rotate, forces of equal magnitude are applied opposite to their velocities to stop them. Which statement is correct?

A) m₂ will stop first because it has the larger initial angular velocity.
B) m₁ will stop first because it has the smaller radius.
C) m₂ will stop first because the torque on it is greater.
D) m₁ will stop first because it has the smaller moment of inertia.
E) Both objects will stop at the same time because the angular accelerations are equal.

Question 30

A space station out beyond the solar system is rotating with constant angular velocity. A spaceship heading into the station along a diameter of the station, uses its rockets to brake, and then docks inside the station at its center. When the spaceship docks, the angular momentum of the system consisting of the station and ship

A) is less than the original angular momentum of the station.
B) is the same as the original angular momentum of the station.
C) is greater than the original angular momentum of the station.
D) is less than the original angular momentum of the station, but the angular velocity increases.
E) is greater than the original angular momentum of the station, but the angular velocity decreases.

Question 31

Stars originate as large bodies of slowly rotating gas. Because of gravity, these clumps of gas slowly decrease in size. The angular velocity of a star increases as it shrinks because of

A) conservation of angular momentum
B) conservation of linear momentum
C) conservation of energy
D) the law of universal gravitation
E) conservation of mass

Question 32

Two blocks of masses m₁ and m₂ are connected by a light cord that passes over a pulley of mass M, as shown. Block m₂ slides on a frictionless horizontal surface. The blocks and pulley are initially at rest. When m₁ is released, the blocks accelerate and the pulley rotates. The total angular momentum of the system of the two blocks and the pulley relative to the axis of rotation of the pulley is Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s).
Refer to Exhibit 11-1. The total angular momentum of the system of the two blocks and the pulley relative to the axis of rotation of the pulley is

A) the same at all times.
B) proportional to l₁, the length of string from the pulley to m₁.
C) proportional to l₂, the length of string from the pulley to m₂.
D) conserved because the Earth doesn't move.
E) proportional to the speed of the blocks.

Question 33

A 0.5 kg fish, hooked as shown below, starts to swim away at a speed of 3 m/s. The angular momentum of the fish relative to the hand holding the fishing rod is about

A)
.
B)
.
C)
.
D)
.
E)
.

Question 34

Two blocks of masses m₁ and m₂ are connected by a light cord that passes over a pulley of mass M, as shown. Block m₂ slides on a frictionless horizontal surface. The blocks and pulley are initially at rest. When m₁ is released, the blocks accelerate and the pulley rotates. The total angular momentum of the system of the two blocks and the pulley relative to the axis of rotation of the pulley is Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s).
Refer to Exhibit 11-1. The total angular momentum of the system of the two blocks and the pulley relative to the axis of rotation of the pulley is

A) proportional to the radius of the pulley.
B) proportional to the speed of the blocks.
C) proportional to the length of the string.
D) to all of the above.
E) only to (a) and (b) above.

Question 35

The diagram below shows five 20-kg rods of the same 2.0-m length free to rotate about axes through the rods, as indicated. Which rod experiences the greatest magnitude gravitational torque?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 36

A force is applied to a cylindrical roll of paper of radius R and mass M by pulling on the paper as shown. The acceleration of the center of mass of the roll of paper (when it rolls without slipping) is

A)
.
B)
.
C)
.
D)
.
E)
.

Question 37

A hockey puck traveling at speed v on essentially frictionless ice collides with one end of a straight stick lying flat on the ice and sticks to that end. In this collision

A) momentum is conserved.
B) angular momentum is conserved.
C) energy is conserved.
D) all of the above are conserved.
E) only momentum and angular momentum are conserved.

Question 38

Five objects of mass m move at velocity at a distance r from an axis of rotation perpendicular to the page through point A, as shown below. The one that has zero angular momentum about that axis is

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 39

A solid sphere, spherical shell, solid cylinder and a cylindrical shell all have the same mass m and radius R. If they are all released from rest at the same elevation and roll without slipping, which reaches the bottom of an inclined plane first?

A) solid sphere
B) spherical shell
C) solid cylinder
D) cylindrical shell
E) all take the same time

Question 40

A hockey puck traveling at speed v on essentially frictionless ice collides elastically with one end of a straight stick lying flat on the ice. In this collision

A) momentum is conserved.
B) angular momentum is conserved.
C) energy is conserved.
D) all of the above are conserved.
E) only momentum and angular momentum are conserved.

Question 41

A 3.0-kg particle has a position vector given by where is in meters and t is in seconds. What is the angular momentum of the particle, in kg⋅m²/s, about the origin at t = 2 s?

A) 72

B) −72

C) 24

D) −24

E) 22

Question 42

A coin with a diameter 3.00 cm rolls up a 30.0° inclined plane. The coin starts out with an initial angular speed of 60.0 rad/s and rolls in a straight line without slipping. If the moment of inertia of the coin is MR², how far will the coin roll up the inclined plane?

Question 43

Halley's comet moves about the sun in an elliptical orbit with its closest approach to the sun being 0.59 A.U. and its furthest distance being 35 A.U. [1 Astronomical Unit (A.U.) is the Earth-sun distance.] If the comet's speed at closest approach is 54 km/s, what is its speed when it is farthest from the sun?

Question 44

What is the angular momentum of the moon about the Earth? The mass of the moon is 7.35 × 10²² kg, the center-to-center separation of the Earth and the moon is 3.84 × 10⁵ km, and the orbital period of the moon is 27.3 days. Ignore the small offset of the center of mass of the system from the center of the Earth in your calculation.

Question 45

If L represents angular momentum, I represents moment of inertia, p represents linear momentum, m represents mass, and r represents a distance, which of the following can represent kinetic energy?

A) p²/2m
B) L²/2I
C) rpI
D) all of the above
E) both (a) and (b)

Question 46

A regulation basketball has a 25.0-cm diameter and a mass of 0.560 kg. It may be approximated as a thin spherical shell with a moment of inertia MR². Starting from rest, how long will it take a basketball to roll without slipping 4.00 m down an incline at 30.0° to the horizontal?