Deck 6: Public Health Data

Question 1

Factors related solely to death are called _______ statistics.

A) natality
B) morbidity
C) mortality
D) vital

Answer 1

mortality

Question 2

In 2014, Pinehill Country reported that 781 deaths in 2014 occurred due to automobile accidents. The estimated mid-interval population was 49,250 people. What was the cause-specific death rate in 2014?

A) 874.21 automobile deaths per 100,000
B) 984.28 automobile deaths per 100,000
C) 1,248.24 automobile deaths per 100,000
D) 1,585.79 automobile deaths per 100,000

Answer 2

1,585.79 automobile deaths per 100,000

Question 3

Pinehill County began January 2014 with a population of 76,000. They ended the year with an estimated 64,750 people. Pinehill County's mid-interval population estimate on July 1st was 49,250 people. During 2014, they counted 814 live births. Calculate the crude birth rate for Pinehill County during 2014.

A) 10.24 live births per 1,000
B) 16.53 live births per 1,000
C) 22.94 live births per 1,000
D) 29.51 live births per 1,000

Answer 3

16.53 live births per 1,000

Question 4

Which of the following is not a measure of public health statistics?

A) Crude rates
B) Confounding rates
C) Specific rates
D) Adjusted rates

Question 5

Factors related solely to diseases, disorders, and injuries that happen throughout a life span are called _______ statistics.

A) natality
B) morbidity
C) mortality
D) vital

Question 6

Pinehill County recorded 5,211 deaths in 2014 and have an estimated mid-interval population of 149,250 people. Calculate the crude death rate for Pinehill County in 2014.

A) 34.56 deaths per 1,000 people
B) 34.91 deaths per 1,000 people
C) 32.28 deaths per 1,000 people
D) 39.74 deaths per 1,000 people

Question 7

While ______ statistics measure most of their rates in ______, __________ (including vital statistics) rates are usually expressed as _________.

A) Public health, percentages; hospital, per thousand
B) Public health, per thousand; hospital, per thousand
C) Hospital, percentages; public health, per thousand
D) Hospital, per thousand; public health, percentages

Question 8

Pinehill County reported 18,248 women aged 15-44 mid-year in 2014. During 2014, they counted 814 live births. What was the fertility rate for Pinehill County in 2014?

A) 26.34 live births per 1,000 females age 15-44
B) 31.26 live births per 1,000 females age 15-44
C) 39.71 live births per 1,000 females age 15-44
D) 44.61 live births per 1,000 females age 15-44

Question 9

_____ population data is more often used in areas where there are _____ population changes throughout the period being measured, such as a seasonal change due to climate.

A) Mid-interval; large
B) Mid-interval; small
C) Mean; small
D) Mean; large

Question 10

Pinehill County's mid-interval population estimate on July 1st was 49,250 people. If Pinehill County reported 1,472 women who gave birth in 2014 out-of-wedlock, what was the out-of-wedlock birth ratio?

A) 24.91 out-of-wedlock births per 1,000
B) 29.89 out-of-wedlock births per 1,000
C) 38.54 out-of-wedlock births per 1,000
D) 42.73 out-of-wedlock births per 1,000

Question 11

Pinehill County reported that 159 babies were born with low birth weights in 2014. During 2014, they counted 814 live births. Calculate the low birth weight rate.

A) 19.53%
B) 24.85%
C) 31.46%
D) 39.48%

Question 12

The denominator used for fertility rates is:

A) males and females of child-bearing age.
B) total females in the population.
C) females of child-bearing age.
D) total number of births.

Question 13

Which type of rate allows the health data analyst to remove a confounding variable?

A) Crude rates
B) Confounding rates
C) Specific rates
D) Adjusted rates

Question 14

Pinehill County recorded 915 of the 5,211 deaths were among people age 75-84 in 2014. The mid-interval estimate on July 1st counts 8,284 people age 75-84 in the county. What was the age-specific death rate for individuals age 75-84 in Pinehill County in 2014?

A) 175.59 deaths per 1,000 in individuals age 75-84
B) 162.90 deaths per 1,000 in individuals age 75-84
C) 110.45 deaths per 1,000 in individuals age 75-84
D) 183.16 deaths per 1,000 in individuals age 75-84

Question 15

Pinehill County reported 7,419 women aged 15-19 mid-year in 2014. During 2014, they counted 156 live births for this age group. What was the teenage fertility rate for Pinehill County in 2014?

A) 12.81 live births per 1,000 females age 15-19
B) 18.42 live births per 1,000 females age 15-19
C) 21.03 live births per 1,000 females age 15-19
D) 28.54 live births per 1,000 females age 15-19

Question 16

In order to compare public health rates, you must locate a/an _____ estimate for the particular group in question.

A) individual
B) population
C) sample
D) area

Question 17

Morbidity statistics are collected by which federal organization and provide valuable information about the occurrences of various diseases, disorders, and injuries in the United States.

A) National Institutes of Health
B) Office of the Surgeon General
C) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 18

Which subset of public health statistics measures births, adoptions, deaths, marriages, and divorces in a population?

A) Natality statistics
B) Morbidity statistics
C) Mortality statistics
D) Vital statistics

Question 19

For the example of comparing birth rates among two states, North Dakota (16 births per 1,000 people) and Pennsylvania (10 births per 1,000), which of the following is the most important confounding variable?

A) Age
B) Gender
C) Population size
D) Marriage rates

Question 20

Factors related to solely birth are called _______ statistics.

A) natality
B) morbidity
C) mortality
D) vital

Question 21

During an outbreak of cholera in Africa in 1985, the average risk of contracting this disease was 12.6%. What is the appropriate measure to report?

A) Incidence
B) Age-specific mortality rates
C) Case-fatality rates
D) Prevalence

Question 22

In a given year, data shows about 26,000 male athletes playing football at schools in the Unites States. During the same year, 1,836 TBIs are reported to the NCAA. Calculate the incidence of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) among intercollegiate football players.

A) 64.28 concussions per 1,000 football players
B) 70.62 concussions per 1,000 football players
C) 76.49 concussions per 1,000 football players
D) 82.39 concussions per 1,000 football players

Question 23

Which of the following is a method of calculating maternal mortality?

A) Counting the number of maternal deaths and comparing that number to the number of live births.
B) Counting the number of maternal survivals and comparing that number to the number of live births.
C) Counting the number of live births and comparing that to the number of paternal deaths.
D) Counting the number of live births and comparing that to the number of paternal survivals.

Question 24

In underdeveloped countries, approximately 250 in 1,000 children between the ages of 5 and10 will die this year. What is the appropriate measure to report?

A) Incidence
B) Age-specific mortality rates
C) Case-fatality rates
D) Prevalence

Question 25

Influenza is an example of _______ that occur within the U.S. population.

A) epidemics
B) pandemics
C) endemics
D) all of the above

Question 26

Calculate the maternal mortality rate if a state had 184,465 obstetric admissions in all of its hospitals and 16 maternal deaths.

A) 8.67 maternal deaths per 100,000 admissions
B) 14.52 maternal deaths per 100,000 admissions
C) 20.89 maternal deaths per 100,000 admissions
D) 26.63 maternal deaths per 100,000 admissions

Question 27

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the early neonatal mortality rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 1.86 deaths per 1,000 live births
B) 4.95 deaths per 1,000 live births
C) 8.41 deaths per 1,000 live births
D) 12.69 deaths per 1,000 live births

Question 28

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the ITOP (abortion) rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 69.84 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
B) 74.61 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
C) 79.95 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
D) 84.25 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44

Question 29

The size of the multiplier or constant depends on how rare an event occurs. The more ____ an occurrence, the ____ the constant.

A) rare; smaller
B) rare; larger
C) infrequent; larger
D) infrequent; more stable

Question 30

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the maternal mortality rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 6.51 maternal deaths per 100,000 females age 15-44
B) 10.85 maternal deaths per 100,000 females age 15-44
C) 14.73 maternal deaths per 100,000 females age 15-44
D) 18.94 maternal deaths per 100,000 females age 15-44

Question 31

What type of rates are used to standardize (or normalize) a population that has a skewed distribution of its population?

A) Crude rates
B) Confounding rates
C) Specific rates
D) Adjusted rates

Question 32

A given state counted 16 maternal deaths within 1 year of the end of pregnancy from a pregnancy complication on its death certificates. That year, the state counted 134,617 live births. Calculate the maternal mortality rate.

A) 4.37 maternal deaths per 100,000 births
B) 9.51 maternal deaths per 100,000 births
C) 11.89 maternal deaths per 100,000 births
D) 14.46 maternal deaths per 100,000 births

Question 33

In 2014, 12,864 induced abortions and 53,754 live births were recorded in the state. Calculate the state's 2014 abortion rate.

A) 224.51 abortions per 1,000 live births
B) 239.31 abortions per 1,000 live births
C) 245.84 abortions per 1,000 live births
D) 251.86 abortions per 1,000 live births

Question 34

Approximately two-thirds of Americans with Alzheimer's disease (5,200,000 Americans total in 2014) are women age 60 and older, of whom there are about 21 million in the country. What is the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in that demographic?

A) 145.91 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 females age 60 and older
B) 156.22 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 females age 60 and older
C) 165.08 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 females age 60 and older
D) 174.29 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 females age 60 and older

Question 35

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the infant death rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 3.54 infant deaths per 1,000 live births
B) 6.34 infant deaths per 1,000 live births
C) 9.85 infant deaths per 1,000 live births
D) 12.64 infant deaths per 1,000 live births

Question 36

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the perinatal mortality rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 1.54 deaths per 1,000 live births
B) 1.95 deaths per 1,000 live births
C) 2.02 deaths per 1,000 live births
D) 2.48 deaths per 1,000 live births

Question 37

In 2014, 12,864 induced abortions were recorded in the state. The state counted a mid-interval population of women age 15-44 of 804,813. Calculate the state's 2014 abortion rate.

A) 6.14 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
B) 9.26 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
C) 12.85 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44
D) 15.98 abortions per 1,000 females age 15-44

Question 38

A late fetal death is after _____ weeks.

A) 4
B) 12
C) 20
D) 28

Question 39

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the crude death rate for Bluegrass County in 2014:

A) 86.25 deaths per 1,000 population
B) 97.84 deaths per 1,000 population
C) 105.47 deaths per 1,000 population
D) 113.84 deaths per 1,000 population

Question 40

At the end of 2014, 5,200,000 Americans were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. It is estimated that approximately 200,000 new cases of Alzheimer's are diagnosed each month. What would be the estimated prevalence of Alzheimer's in the United States by the end of March 2015 (for the purpose of this question, assume that no patients die during this period). The 2015 population is estimated to be 320,000,000 people.

A) 12.57 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 people
B) 14.98 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 people
C) 16.54 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 people
D) 18.13 Alzheimer's cases per 1,000 people

Question 41

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the crude death rate (for all combined age groups) for City B:

A) 20.5 deaths per 1,000
B) 26.2 deaths per 1,000
C) 30.8 deaths per 1,000
D) 35.2 deaths per 1,000

Question 42

Statistics used to convey information about the smaller picture are referred to as public health statistics.

Question 43

Of the 38 new cases of H1N1 swine flu, 31 have died, meaning 82% have died from this disease in a particular Asian country this year. What is the appropriate measure to report?

A) Incidence
B) Age-specific mortality rates
C) Case-fatality rates
D) Prevalence

Question 44

Although the reporting of the statistics by each state is mandatory, the format for reporting is not.

Question 45

Prevalence is a measure of the onset of a disease, while incidence measures the public health burden existing within a particular population.

Question 46

Rates are adjusted to:

A) minimize the health problems of a community as compared to standard.
B) remove the bias of dissimilar age group distribution between populations.
C) determine how well a community compares with acceptable national births, deaths, and disease rate standards.
D) allow valid comparison between populations with similar age distributions but different race and sex makeup.

Question 47

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the age-specific mortality rate for people age 45-64 in City B:

A) 30 deaths per 1,000 people age 45-64
B) 35 deaths per 1,000 people age 45-64
C) 40 deaths per 1,000 people age 45-64
D) 45 deaths per 1,000 people age 45-64

Question 48

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the age-specific mortality rate for people age 5-14 in City A:

A) 4 deaths per 1,000 people age 5-14
B) 8 deaths per 1,000 people age 5-14
C) 12 deaths per 1,000 people age 5-14
D) 14 deaths per 1,000 people age 5-14

Question 49

-Refer to above figure :Calculate the crude death rate (for all combined age groups) for City A:

A) 30.8 deaths per 1,000
B) 35.2 deaths per 1,000
C) 40.1 deaths per 1,000
D) 45.9 deaths per 1,000