Deck 2: The Study of Learning and Behavior

Question 1

Any variable an experimenter manipulates is a/an variable.

A)autonomous
B)dependent
C)independent
D)synchronous

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A teacher who looks for an increase in the number of correct performances per minute is using as a measure of learning.

A)topography
B)speed
C)rate
D)fluency

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The school of thought that rejects scientific method and claims that science is just a debate about an unknowable reality is called .

A)Intellectualism
B)Realism
C)Sufism
D)Constructivism

Answer 3

D

Question 4

called learning the "great problem in all human psychology."

A)Ivan Pavlov
B)John
B)Watson
C)Bertrand Russell
D)Lucretius

Question 5

When a behavior is defined by the procedure used to measure it, the definition is said to be .

A)mechanistic
B)lexicographic
C)procedural
D)operational

Question 6

The kind of experiment that is most likely to require statistical analysis is a .

A)between-subjects experiment
B)within-subject experiment
C)ABA experiment
D)descriptive study

Question 7

Fluency is also known as .

A)rate
B)automaticity
C)cumulative rate
D)frequency

Question 8

The kind of study that is most likely to involve a large number of subjects is one with a .

A)between-subjects design
B)within-subject design
C)ABA design
D)matched sample

Question 9

In group-design experiments, researchers often use to reduce differences among participants.

A)clones
B)statistics
C)DNA matching
D)matched sampling

Question 10

In a cumulative record, learning is indicated by a change in response .

A)topography
B)amplitude
C)speed
D)rate

Question 11

One highly readable little book on research methods mentioned in your text is called .

A)The Idiot's Guide to Behavioral Research
B)Research Made Simple
C)Psychological Research:An Introduction
D)Random Designs

Question 12

In within-subject experiments, each subject's performance is compared with its performance during a .

A)control period
B)random sampling period
C)baseline period
D)benchmark session

Question 13

Any variable that is allowed to vary freely is a/an variable.

A)autonomous
B)dependent
C)independent
D)synchronous

Question 14

One problem with computer simulations as a substitute for animal research is that .

A)they are terribly expensive
B)they take years to develop
C)"bugs" in the software distort the findings
D)no one knows what behavior to program until the research has been done

Question 15

Harry teaches an advanced painting class.His goal is to teach students to paint more creatively.Harry will probably measure learning as a change in response .

A)topography
B)intensity
C)speed
D)rate

Question 16

Experiments done in natural settings are called .

A)natural experiments
B)spontaneous experiments
C)unplanned experiments
D)field experiments

Question 17

Marjorie drives a school bus.Sometimes the kids get rather noisy.She decides to play music the kids like through speakers on the bus, but whenever the kids get too noisy she turns the music off.When they
Quiet down, she turns the music back on.In this way, she hopes to get the kids to make less noise.
Marjorie is probably going to measure learning as a change in response .

A)topography
B)intensity
C)speed
D)rate

Question 18

Using an ABA reversal design is rather like using a .

A)dust mop
B)fountain pen
C)light switch
D)barber's chair

Question 19

A person who says, "Everyone knows that...." is referring to .

A)anecdotal evidence
B)case study evidence
C)descriptive research evidence
D)experimental research evidence

Question 20

A explanation is one in which the evidence for the explanation of an event is the event itself.

A)scientific
B)circular
C)logical
D)redundant

Question 21

Experimental research on behavior is often said to be artificial.To compensate for this problem, researchers do .

A)field experiments
B)open-ended research
C)follow-up studies
D)free sampling research

Question 22

Explain how a cumulative recorder works.

Question 23

Explain the difference between within-subject and between-subjects experiments.

Question 24

Speed and rate are different terms for the same measure of learning.

Question 25

Learning researchers note that results with humans usually parallel those with animals.

Question 26

A cumulative record shows the total number of responses that have occurred in a given period of time as well as the rate at which they occurred.

Question 27

Explain why random assignment of subjects is unnecessary in ABA experiments.

Question 28

A computer simulation that is useful for teaching certain principles of learning is called .

A)MacAnimal
B)Animal Trainer
C)Sniffy the Virtual Rat
D)Howard the Holographic Hog

Question 29

One thing researchers can control better with animal subjects than with human subjects is
.

Question 30

Balster and colleagues suggest that inhumane treatment of research animals is .

A)not good PR
B)expensive, in the long run
C)bad science
D)likely to result in litigation

Question 31

The natural science approach emphasizes physical events.

Question 32

Discuss the ethics of using animals for research on learning.