Deck 25: What Then Shall We Do

Question 1

Environmental literacy partly consists of being able to

A) Read environmental science journals
B) Understand the basic principles of ecology
C) Write and publish in environmental journals
D) Carry out ecological models and experiments
E) Interpret environmental data from a citizen science project

Answer 1

Understand the basic principles of ecology

Question 2

Job opportunities for environmental professionals are predicted to be among the fastest growing areas of employment during the next few years.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an emphasis of the 1990 National Environmental Education Act?

A) The encouragement of college students to seek careers related to the environment
B) Understanding among the general public about the relationships between humans and their environment
C) Education to ensure that citizens are familiar with the environmental issues that they may read about in the newspaper
D) Education to make sure that there are specialists who are able to make appropriate decisions regarding environmental issues and who will guide us into the 21st century
E) All of these are emphasized in the 1990 National Environmental Education Act

Answer 3

Education to make sure that there are specialists who are able to make appropriate decisions regarding environmental issues and who will guide us into the 21st century

Question 4

The environmental group that has inspired tens of thousands of citizens to work to stop climate change is called

A) Earth First!
B) Sea Shepherd.
C) 350.org.

Question 5

Conspicuous consumption is a term that was coined

A) to refer to the concept of purchasing things to impress others.
B) a century ago.
C) in the 1950's when consumption began to increase and family size began to decrease.
D) to refer to the concept of purchasing things to impress others and a century ago.
E) to refer to the concept of purchasing things to impress others and in the 1950's when consumption began to increase and family size began to decrease.

Question 6

Recent opinion polls in the U.S. indicate waning public support for strict protection of environmental quality.

Question 7

Environmental literacy does not refer to

A) an understanding of the principles of ecology.
B) an attempt to establish a stewardship ethic.
C) an initiative to promote journalists to write more about environmental issues.
D) an understanding of the principles of ecology and an attempt to establish a stewardship ethic.

Question 8

Mainline environmental organizations have been criticized for being too quick to compromise.

Question 9

The local high school in your hometown has a project where students are collecting water samples in collaboration with the local university. This project is an example of a(n)

A) Attempt to get high school students involved in environmental careers
B) Attempt to recruit students to the university
C) Early careers project
D) Environmental literacy project
E) Citizen science project

Question 10

Ways to reduce your impact include

A) green washing.
B) avoiding disposable items.
C) conspicuous consumption.

Question 11

Which of the following events is probably the most significant in increasing the job market for environmentally related careers?

A) The public's emphasis on recycling
B) The high rate of extinction
C) The Goals 2000 Education Act
D) The shift of businesses to decrease their environmental impact
E) The rate of population growth in developing countries

Question 12

Activities endorsed by the Student Environmental Action Coalition include confrontational protests.

Question 13

Public opinion polls show that most people are willing to make personal sacrifices to protect the environment.

Question 14

Many businesses are exploring and adopting the "design for the environment." Although some of the following may occur as spin-offs, which response is the primary emphasis of the design for the environment?

A) Preventing environmental problems to save money and stay competitive in future markets
B) Public relations about their environmental policies
C) Recycling their products
D) Hiring more environmental science and environmental studies graduates
E) All of these are emphasized equally by businesses adopting and exploring the "design for the environment."

Question 15

On a national level, environmental job opportunities are

A) Changing very little
B) Shrinking
C) Being exported overseas
D) Expanding
E) Good now, but are expected to decrease in the next ten years

Question 16

Careers focused on protecting the environment are available for students majoring in business, education, engineering, liberal arts, and science.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT important in influencing public policy?

A) Gathering information and understanding the science that informs your issue
B) Recognizing how and by whom the policy is made
C) Evaluating which techniques for educating the public and shaping opinion can be effective
D) Learning how to work with other groups
E) These are all important steps in influencing public policy

Question 18

An international survey identified ___________ as the most influential environmental book.

A) A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold
B) The Population Bomb, by Paul Ehrich
C) Walden, by Henry David Thoreau
D) Men and Nature, by George Perkins Marsh

Question 19

Life-cycle analyses

A) have led to an increase in the amount of material going into land-fills.
B) provide for unlimited access to resources.
C) evaluate material and energy inputs and outputs at each stage of manufacture, use, and disposal of a product.

Question 20

The Audubon Christmas Bird Count is an example of

A) critical mass.
B) citizen science.
C) using greeting cards with images of rare species to promote conservation.

Question 21

The largest, longest-running citizen-science project in the world is

A) Christmas Bird Count
B) Project Feeder Watch
C) Great Backyard Bird Count
D) FrogWatch USA
E) Sea Turtle Tally

Question 22

Which of the following would use the most energy and natural resources?

A) Taking the bus to work instead of driving
B) Refusing to buy disposable items
C) Buying a new car every five years to ensure high fuel efficiency
D) Buying fewer clothes and shoes
E) All of these examples use about the same amount of energy

Question 23

Which of the following is a true statement?

A) If a product advertises that it will not hurt the environment, it is better to spend the extra money to buy it
B) Organic shampoos are better for the environment and for you
C) Any business that goes to the considerable trouble of advertising itself as "green" can usually be counted on to be environmentally conscious
D) Buying fewer things is an important means of protecting the environment
E) All of these are true statements

Question 24

The Sierra Club would probably have the philosophy that environmental problems __________ and Sea Shepherd would probably view problems as ______________.

A) Are environmental crises requiring immediate attention; situations that can be overcome by working with the established system
B) Can be overcome by working with the established system; environmental crises requiring immediate attention
C) In urban areas are of the most concern; equal whether they are in urban, suburban, or wilderness areas
D) Both the Sierra Club and Sea Shepherd would probably view problems as environmental crises requiring immediate attention
E) Both the Sierra Club and Sea Shepherd would probably view problems as situations that can be overcome by working with the established system

Question 25

The terms nontoxic, biodegradable, recyclable, natural organic, and environmentally friendly are used

A) As standards for merchandising environmental products
B) As excellent indicators of products that do not harm the environment
C) By advertising to sell products
D) By the Blue Angels to endorse a product
E) By the Green Party to endorse a product

Question 26

The "group of 10" environmental organizations are most useful in

A) Spearheading truly radical environmental change
B) Inspiring individual direct actions by all members
C) Having strong, respected, and organized influence on national environmental policy setting
D) Initiating student environmental activism on local environmental issues
E) Inspiring individual direct actions by at least half of all members

Question 27

If you buy a product that is "natural," you can be assured that the product

A) Is nontoxic to humans
B) Is better for the environment
C) Contains no harmful ingredients
D) Contains no pesticides
E) None of these is correct

Question 28

Environmental groups for secondary and postsecondary (college) students help participants

A) Come together to multiply the efforts of people with the same goals and ideals
B) Develop their organizational skills
C) Become ecologists
D) Learn how to become effective radical environmentalists
E) Come together to multiply the efforts of people with the same goals and ideals, and also help them develop their organizational skills

Question 29

Which group below is most identified with direct action for environmental causes?

A) The Audubon Society
B) The Nature Conservancy
C) The Sierra Club
D) The Natural Resources Defense Council
E) Earth First!

Question 30

In "The Theory of the Leisure Class," Thorsten Veblen used the term "conspicuous consumption" to describe

A) Producing more food than we need to prove our superiority to other nations
B) Choosing to throw away food instead of feeding poor and malnourished people
C) Buying things we don't need in order to impress others
D) Buying things we don't want in order to keep others from having them
E) Inefficient use of heating fuel

Question 31

In which of the following situations would it probably be less environmentally damaging for you to use paper bags at the grocery store?

A) When paper bags are reused by the grocery store
B) When I use plastic grocery bags for my trash instead of buying separate plastic trash bags
C) When paper and plastic bags are both recycled
D) When paper bags are reused by the grocery store and when paper and plastic bags are both recycled
E) All of these are correct

Question 32

The cost of litigation for past environmental oversights encourages many corporations to

A) Prevent future pollution
B) Hire better lawyers
C) Dissolve their environmental departments
D) Decrease spending on environmental problems
E) Hire lobbyists to change the laws

Question 33

The German Blue Angel and U.S. Green Seal are

A) A set of new environmental quality goals
B) Environmental endorsements of products
C) Measures of corporate responsibility
D) Newly established political parties
E) Public relation icons for the two federal governments

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT an essential component of sustainable development?

A) Low birth and death rates
B) Increasing reliance on renewable resources
C) A marked decrease in military spending
D) A broader sharing of the benefits of development
E) All of these are components of sustainable development

Question 35

One of the essential factors in a sustainable future based on improving human well-being and protecting our common environment is

A) Technology transfer from developed to developing countries
B) Environmental and resource protection
C) Increased aid for developing countries
D) A demographic transition to stabilized population growth for developing countries
E) All of these

Question 36

Life-cycle analysis is useful because energy and environmental hazards are associated with _______ of products.

A) Use as well as production
B) Production, but not use
C) Both transport and production
D) Production and use, but not disposal
E) Production, transport, use, and disposal

Question 37

Why would the "group of 10" environmental organizations be criticized?

A) They are militant and extremist groups that lead to environmental revolutions
B) They oppose most environmental protection
C) They tend to compromise and cooperate with the establishment
D) Their membership is small and they have focused and limited influence
E) They support radical approaches in addressing environmental problems

Question 38

Making intelligent environmental decisions as a consumer

A) Is impossible because there are so many green products and advertisements on the market
B) Is futile because it does not have an impact
C) Requires attention and is important in determining future actions by companies
D) Is something few people are interested in
E) Is relatively easy because of the information provided on labels

Question 39

The best way for us to be more efficient and to decrease our impact on natural resources is to

A) Consume less energy and materials in the first place
B) Sort all recyclable materials before disposal
C) Reuse manufactured items such as shopping bags or clothing
D) Export more materials than we import
E) Make sure we don't litter and to recycle our paper and plastics

Question 40

Which of the following would probably NOT be a focus of an NGO?

A) Creating and enforcing national environmental laws
B) Initiating radical or innovative development strategies
C) Greening major international corporations
D) Applying large funds to steering international policies
E) All of these are examples of what an NGO would emphasize and take part in

Question 41

A label of "biodegradable" ensures that a product will naturally break down in the environment within a few years.

Question 42

Affluenza is a term coined by some social critics for the current drive to possess more and more stuff.

Question 43

Conservation International is an NGO that carries out well-publicized confrontations.

Question 44

Environmental literacy calls for each citizen to be fluent in the principles of ecology.

Question 45

A vegetarian diet has a lower climate change impact than a beef-based diet.

Question 46

Compare and contrast national environmental organizations, radical groups, and NGOs.

Question 47

Which of the following statements is true?

A) The best thing about sustainable development is that it is carried out without significant investments of technology
B) Nongovernmental organizations have become significant players in international environmentalism and development
C) No important international agreement has ever been violated once the international community passed it
D) Public concern about environmental protection is always higher where pollution is most severe
E) The best thing about sustainable development is that it is carried out without significant investments of money

Question 48

Describe ten things you can do to reduce consumption.

Question 49

If a national leader, in her speech to the nation, is talking about meeting the needs of our present populations without risking the ability of future generations to meet their needs, she is describing

A) A free market-based philosophy of economic development
B) An economic-based approach to development
C) Sustainable development
D) Ecodevelopment
E) Green design

Question 50

The values of respect for all life, ecosystem protection and restoration, human rights, equitable sharing of resources, and democratic decision-making are all components of the

A) 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
B) 2000 Millennium Assessment
C) 1989 Accord on Chlorofluorocarbon Emissions
D) 1945 Establishment of the United Nations
E) 2001 World Trade Organization Millennium Agenda