Deck 1: Adjusting to Modern Life

Question 1

Technological advances have not led to perceptible improvement in our collective health and happiness. This statement defines

A) escape from freedom.
B) the point/counterpoint phenomenon.
C) modern society.
D) the paradox of progress.

Answer 1

Advancement in technology that led to lack of improvement in happiness and health is not defined as an escape from freedom.
Hence, option "a" is not correct.
The point and counter point phenomenon is the regular characteristic of The Human Rights Brief. It is the merit and demerit of a particular topic and a logical discussion on modern issues in humanitarian law and human rights.
Hence, option "b" is not correct.
Modern society refers to the people living mutually in the present time. An example of modern society is the current political, scientific, sociological, and artistic climate.
Hence, option "c" is not correct.
Paradox of progress:
Technological improvement in the past century may be impressive and led to many advances in all fields. However, it does not lead to the noticeable improvement in the human health and happiness of the same.
The quality of life and fulfillment in our lives have decreased rather than improved. This is called paradox of progress.
Therefore, the advancement in the technology has not led to the enhancement of human health and happiness defines " paradox of progress ".
Hence, the correct answer is option
.

Question 2

Barry Schwartz (2004) argues that

A) life choices have increased dramatically in modern society.
B) the abundance of life choices has unexpected costs.
C) an overabundance of choices increases the potential for rumination and postdecision regret.
D) all of the above are true.

Answer 2

Barry Schwartz argues that:
In modern society, the variety of life choices has drastically increased that even a visit to supermarket requires the shopper to prefer from 285 varieties of cookies, 150 lipsticks, 175 salad dressings, and 60 suntan lotions.
In other way, plenty of life choices have unpredicted costs such as decision making dilemmas, which lead to depletion of mental resources and eventually to depression.
Surplus of choices elevates the possibility for rumination, anticipated regret and post decision regret.
Therefore, the correct answer is option
.

Question 3

Which of the following is not offered in the text as a criticism of self-help books

A) They are infrequently based on solid research.
B) Most don't provide explicit directions for changing behavior.
C) The topics they cover are often quite narrow.
D) Many are dominated by psychobabble.

Answer 3

Self-help books concentrate more on sales than scientific accuracy. The facts in these books are rarely based upon solid scientific research.
Therefore, the statement "they are infrequently based on solid scientific research" is present in the text as criticism of self- help books.
Hence, option "a" is not correct.
Self-help books do not provide clear guidelines about behavior change. The book describes a problem that we generally experience and fails to provide explicit advice.
Therefore, the statement "Self-help books do not provide explicit directions about behavior change" is offered in the text in criticism of Self-help books.
Hence, option "b" is not correct.
Self-help books are dominated by psychobabble (form of speech or writing in an unclear language). The words are meaningless and lack clarity in effective communication.
Therefore, the statement "many are dominated by psychobabble" is present in the text as a criticism of Self-help books.
Hence, option "d" is not correct.
The statement "the topics in the self-help books covers are often quite narrow" is not offered in the criticism of self-help books.
Hence, the correct answer is option
.

Question 4

The adaptation of animals when environments change is similar to _______ in humans.

A) orientation
B) assimilation
C) evolution
D) adjustment

Question 5

An experiment is a research method in which the investigator manipulates the _______ variable and observes whether changes occur in a (an) _______ variable as a result.

A) independent; dependent
B) control; experimental
C) experimental; control
D) dependent; independent

Question 6

A researcher wants to determine whether a certain diet causes children to learn better in school. In this study, the independent variable is

A) the type of diet.
B) a measure of learning performance.
C) the age or grade level of the children.
D) the intelligence level of the children.

Question 7

A psychologist collected background information about a psychopathic killer, talked to him and people who knew him, and gave him psychological tests. Which research method was she using

A) Case study
B) Naturalistic observation
C) Survey
D) Experiment

Question 8

The principal advantage of experimental research is that

A) it has a scientific basis and is therefore convincing to people.
B) experiments replicate real-life situations.
C) an experiment can be designed for any research problem.
D) it allows the researcher to draw cause-and-effect conclusions.

Question 9

Research has shown that which of the following is moderately correlated with happiness

A) Income
B) Intelligence
C) Parenthood
D) Social activity

Question 10

A good reason for taking notes in your own words, rather than verbatim, is that

A) most lecturers are quite wordy.
B) "translating" on the spot is good mental exercise.
C) it reduces the likelihood that you'll later engage in plagiarism.
D) it forces you to assimilate the information in a way that makes sense to you.