Deck 2: Extent of Crime and Victimization

Question 1

The ______ uses a sample of the population to estimate crime victimization experiences and rates.

A) Uniform Crime Report
B) National Incident-Based Reporting System
C) National Crime Victimization Survey
D) Bureau of Justice Statistics

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The history of the FBI's Uniform Crime Report began in ______, when a subcommittee of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) was charged with the task of studying uniform crime reporting.

A) 1930
B) 1927
C) 1957
D) 1850

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The ______ enforces federal statutes prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, disability, religion, familial status, and national origin.

A) Bureau of Justice Statistics
B) FBI Hate Crime Statistics Unit
C) U.S. Department of State
D) Civil Rights Division of the DOJ

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The UCR uses population estimates to calculate crime and ______.

A) violence
B) victimization
C) conviction rates
D) arrest rates

Question 5

The Equal Justice Initiative released a report on lynching that states ______.

A) lynching is no longer relevant in America
B) lynching should not be mentioned in history textbooks
C) lynching contributed to racial inequity in America
D) lynching did not occur in northern states

Question 6

During the following period, census data about convicted persons were the primary source of criminal statistics ______.

A) between 1930 and 1960
B) the early 20th century
C) the early 21st century
D) between 1850 and the early 1900s

Question 7

The FBI collects crime statistics and arrest data from law enforcement agencies, and the ______ provides information on nonfatal victimization.

A) National Incident-Based Reporting System
B) Uniform Crime Reporting program
C) Bureau of Justice Statistics
D) National Crime Data System

Question 8

How many offenses currently compromise what was formerly known as the FBI's Part I Offenses?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 8
D) 12

Question 9

This source of crime data was originally created to replace the UCR as the primary source of crime data ______.

A) National Incident-Based Reporting System
B) National Crime Victimization Survey
C) National Crime Survey
D) Department of Homeland Security

Question 10

Information on fatal domestic violence victimization is available in the ______ and the NIBRS.

A) FBI Supplemental Homicide Report
B) Fatal Domestic Violence Report
C) Uniform Crime Report
D) Homicide Trends in the United States Report

Question 11

Racial data first appeared in the UCR in 1933, and included three categories including: Whites, Blacks, and ______.

A) Hispanics
B) others
C) Pacific Islanders
D) Native Americans

Question 12

According to L. N. Robinson (1911), federal crime statistics really began with the ______, when prisoner, judicial, and police statistics were collected and published for the first time.

A) 1880 Census
B) Mandates from the 1930 U.S. Congress
C) Directives from the National Commission of Law Observance
D) Inception of the National Crime Victimization Survey

Question 13

The terms ______ and bias crime refer to offenses committed against individuals because of their race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability.

A) ethnic assault
B) hate crime
C) ethnic crime
D) race-based crime

Question 14

This is the act that requires the FBI to collect statistics on hate crime ______.

A) Bias Crime Statistics Act of 1980
B) Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990
C) Anti-Hate Crime Statistics Act of 2001
D) Bias Crime Statistics Act of 2011

Question 15

Which racial category was not included in the 1933 UCR when racial categories first appeared?

A) Black
B) Native American
C) Whites
D) others

Question 16

Which of the following offenses is included in the NIBRS but not the UCR?

A) homicide
B) white-collar crime
C) rape
D) robbery

Question 17

Since its inception, the NCVS has collected information in persons age ______ who report they were victims of either nonfatal or property crimes in the United States.

A) 18 and older
B) 16 and older
C) 12 and older
D) 21 and older

Question 18

The ______ was created to enhance the quantity, quality, and timeliness of crime statistical data collected by the law enforcement community and to improve the methodology used for compiling, analyzing, auditing, and publishing the collected crime data.

A) Uniform Crime Report
B) National Incident-Based Reporting System
C) National Crime Victimization Survey
D) Bureau of Justice Statistics

Question 19

What is the primary source of arrest statistics?

A) Bureau of Justice Statistics
B) DEA
C) Uniform Crime Reports
D) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Question 20

Which period of history had the largest share of recorded lynchings?

A) 1600-1663
B) 1770-1811
C) 1884-1901
D) 1905-1955

Question 21

Historically, Whites are more likely than persons in other racial categories to be arrested for rape, aggravated assault, and all property crimes.

Question 22

The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, enacted in 2009, amended the 1990 legislation to include gender, identity bias, and ______.

A) crimes committed by ethnic groups toward other ethnic groups
B) crimes committed by and directed against juveniles under the age of 16
C) crimes committed by specific genders toward the other gender
D) crimes committed by and directed against juveniles under the age of 18

Question 23

Briefly explain the harm that occurs when crime is racialized.

Question 24

This group is least likely to be a victim of hate crimes ______.

A) Hispanic
B) Black
C) White
D) Asian

Question 25

This system collects state and local data on incidents of human trafficking ______.

A) human trafficking database
B) human trafficking national reporting center
C) human trafficking reporting system
D) trafficking system

Question 26

Briefly explain the significance of including ethnicity in UCR statistics.

Question 27

The limitations of arrest and victimization statistics, although important, do not outweigh their value and utility for examining historical and contemporary patterns and trends by race/ethnic categories.

Question 28

Today, the UCR applies five racial categories in its data collection. They include ______.

A) White, Black, American Indian and Alaskan Native, Asian, and Hispanic
B) White, Black, American Indian and Alaskan Native, Asian, and Jewish
C) White, Black, American Indian and Alaskan Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
D) White, Hispanic, American Indian and Alaskan Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander

Question 29

Domestic violence victimization (DVV) refers to both fatal and nonfatal incidents that take place.

Question 30

The UCR captures multiple offenses that occur during one criminal event.

Question 31

Some of the research that relies on crime statistics leads to misperceptions about race and crime. What other entity contributes to these misperceptions by its unbalanced focus on violent crime?

Question 32

Today, the National Incident-Based Reporting System is the primary source of information on victims of nonfatal violent and property crimes in the United States.

Question 33

Briefly explain the differences between the race-related data provided by the UCR and the NCVS.

Question 34

Explain two limitations of the Uniform Crime Reports that relate to studying race and crime.

Question 35

Briefly explain the historical trends related to lynching. Your answer should define lynching.

Question 36

Briefly explain two trends related to race and crime in the Uniform Crime Reports data.

Question 37

Hate crime is more likely to involve crimes against property than crimes against the person.

Question 38

What percentage of violent victimizations are reported to the police?

A) less than 10%
B) less than 20%
C) more than 50%
D) less than 50%

Question 39

UCR contributors compile information on crimes reported, cleared, persons arrested and ______, and they forward it either to a state UCR program or directly to the FBI.

A) law enforcement personnel
B) conviction rates
C) use of force
D) location of arrest

Question 40

Which of the following crimes provides the most clear example of a hate crime?

A) A man sexually assaults a female student on a college campus.
B) A group of teenagers threatens to beat a homosexual man until he states that he is "straight" or heterosexual.
C) A woman assaults her husband with a baseball bat during a domestic violence incident at her home.
D) A woman posts flyers espousing anti-immigrant beliefs throughout a college campus.

Question 41

The UCR has been critiqued for its inability to capture intraracial and intraethnic heterogeneity. Why is it difficult, or impossible, to accurately categorize most people's race and ethnicity?

Question 42

Is the method of data collection employed by the NCVS adequate for contemporary society? Explain your answer.

Question 43

Despite improvements over time, each criminal justice statistics program has problems, including definitions of racial categories, variations in reporting and recording, and the utilization of estimates for population, crimes, arrests, and victimizations. Provide an argument of either support or opposition for the use of contemporary crime statistics program, providing reference to specific programs utilized in contemporary criminal justice.

Question 44

Do the racial categories currently utilized by the UCR adequately reflect the current U.S. population? Explain your answer, communicating any suggestions for change.

Question 45

According to Mosher (2011), the crime and arrest rate estimates provided by the UCR are misleading because the census only counts the population every 10 years, and not all persons are counted. Identify two strategies for estimating crime and arrest rates that respond to critique noted here.

Question 46

L. N. Robinson (1911) noted that the purpose of criminal statistics is twofold: (1) that one may judge the nature and extent of criminality in a given geographical area and (2) that one may determine transformation that is taking place. Consider the sources of crime and victimization statistics discussed in this chapter. Do these contemporary statistics sources respond adequately to the purpose of criminal statistics? Explain your answer.