Deck 14: Emancipation and Reconstruction

Question 1

Following the Civil War, how did Lincoln plan to treat Confederate officials?

A) Only the most high-ranking Confederate officials would be punished.
B) All of the Confederate officials would be granted amnesty.
C) No former Confederate officials would be permitted to serve in Congress.
D) He hoped to use their energy and connections to rebuild the government.

Answer 1

Only the most high-ranking Confederate officials would be punished.

Question 2

Why did some slaves not find out about emancipation for months, even years, after the Civil War ended?

A) Their masters, especially in remote locations, withheld the news.
B) Confederate officials conspired to suppress news of their defeat.
C) Southern newspapers refused to print news of their defeat.
D) Union officers were content to allow the unofficial continuation of slavery.

Answer 2

Their masters, especially in remote locations, withheld the news.

Question 3

What compelled free blacks to want to read the Bible themselves?

A) White preachers had claimed that the Bible taught black slavery was God's will.
B) The Bible was the only book that was widely available at the time.
C) Free blacks were more religious than poor whites.
D) White ministers long claimed that blacks could not be saved.

Answer 3

White preachers had claimed that the Bible taught black slavery was God's will.

Question 4

What was achieved by the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution?

A) Black men and women were granted citizenship.
B) Black men were granted the right to vote.
C) Slavery was abolished.
D) White women were granted the right to vote.

Question 5

Newly freed slaves' expressions of joy caused proslavery southern whites to feel

A) happy for the former slaves.
B) sad that the slaves no longer wanted to work for them.
C) indifferent because they didn't even see the slaves as people.
D) outraged and insulted by the happiness of the freed people.

Question 6

What role did the Freedmen's Bureau play in the lives of newly freed blacks?

A) It provided them with economic and legal resources.
B) It encouraged them to move north.
C) It ensured their access to education and health care.
D) It promoted a theology of forgiveness.

Question 7

President Lincoln's approach to Reconstruction was motivated by a desire to

A) punish the South and help southern blacks.
B) heal the Union and help southern blacks.
C) heal the Union and punish the South.
D) win reelection and punish the South.

Question 8

What proved to be the number-one priority among newly freed slaves?

A) Finding employment
B) Reuniting their families
C) Retaliating against their former owners
D) Getting out of the South

Question 9

According to the following passage, on what basis did the freedpeople of Edisto Island expect that the federal government would allow them to retain the land they were cultivating, and which was formerly owned by slaveholders?

A) The former owners were traitors and cheaters.
B) The freedpeople were willing to pay for the land.
C) General William Sherman's order guaranteed the land.
D) The freedpeople had been mistreated and deserved compensation.

Question 10

Why did black churches become such important community institutions following the Civil War?

A) Churches were one place where whites served blacks.
B) Whites refused to allow blacks in the South to congregate any other way.
C) Faith was more important in black communities than work or education.
D) Black churches were large structures that hosted many other organizations.

Question 11

Which free blacks were eager to receive an education?

A) Women more than men
B) Mostly middle-aged men
C) Young men and women
D) People of all ages

Question 12

Lincoln's "Ten Percent Plan" during Reconstruction meant that 10 percent of

A) the population was eligible to vote in the upcoming election.
B) eligible southern voters were required to pledge allegiance to the United States.
C) former Confederate leaders were exiled.
D) proceeds from southern agriculture would pay Union war debt.

Question 13

Why were only 25 percent of free blacks literate by 1880?

A) Whites forbade free black workers from learning to read.
B) Few free blacks were motivated to learn to read.
C) Opportunities to learn were still very limited.
D) There were no public schools in the South.

Question 14

As news of emancipation spread across the South after the end of the Civil War, African Americans responded by

A) celebrating in black churches and slave quarters.
B) storming the living rooms of slaveholders and throwing lavish parties.
C) fleeing to the North as quickly as possible.
D) reflecting in isolation for fear of reprisal from slaveholders.

Question 15

Why was the power to make family decisions so important to newly freed slaves?

A) African Americans had stronger family ties than whites.
B) White families were the anchors of many communities.
C) African American families were often destroyed under slavery.
D) Whites tried to undermine and divide black families during freedom.

Question 16

Who served as teachers in the roughly 4,000 new schools that opened across the South following the Civil War?

A) Only black men and women
B) Only men, black or white
C) Only women, black or white
D) Black and white men and women

Question 17

What message was sent by Lincoln's plan for reunion and reconstruction?

A) Women and men of all races should now be granted citizenship.
B) The war was a necessary evil that revealed the horrors of racism.
C) The North had best ensure that the South was properly penitent so as to deter future rebellions.
D) The country had best move forward and minimize conflict between North and South.

Question 18

The Wade-Davis bill proposed by Congress for reunification of the North and South required

A) 50 percent of southern voters to pledge allegiance to the United States.
B) 50 percent of southern landowners to pledge allegiance to the United States.
C) 50 percent of all black Southerners to pledge allegiance to the United States.
D) southern landowners to give 50 percent of their property to the U.S. government.

Question 19

How did southern whites respond to the end of the Civil War?

A) With excitement and hope
B) With exhaustion and weariness
C) With fear and humiliation
D) With bitterness and indifference

Question 20

Why was education so unobtainable for so many in the South, black or white, following the Civil War?

A) Southerners didn't value education as much as Northerners did.
B) Funding for teachers and supplies never kept up with demand.
C) Poor people were too busy working to attend school.
D) White elites tried to keep the poor from learning.

Question 21

Moderate Republicans ultimately did not agree to impeach President Johnson because they believed

A) he did not violate the Tenure of Office Act as charged.
B) his failings did not constitute an unwillingness to uphold the Constitution.
C) it would plunge the nation back into civil war.
D) radical Republicans had overstepped their powers.

Question 22

Northerners saw the punishment of Confederate leaders following the Civil War as

A) adequate because Northerners didn't believe in violence.
B) adequate because the Union was fragile.
C) absurdly lenient, unlike that levied against opponents in other wars.
D) too strict and a threat to the peace.

Question 23

Taxes rose sharply during Reconstruction in order to

A) offside the many war debts.
B) subsidize the federal government.
C) support education and social services.
D) subsidize industry in the South.

Question 24

When southern Democrats referred to a Northerner who had moved to the South following the Civil War as a carpetbagger, it was intended as a

A) compliment for those willing to give up everything and support freed people.
B) criticism for those desperate to buy homes and establish lives.
C) compliment for those willing to put down roots and support the area.
D) criticism for those who came to plunder the area and then leave.

Question 25

What hardships greeted freed blacks who moved to Kansas to start life over following the Civil War?

A) Racial hostility and poor-quality land
B) Racial hostility and religious animosity
C) Poor-quality land and unpredictable weather
D) Unpredictable weather and restrictions on voting

Question 26

How did the Fourteenth Amendment effectively nullify the Dred Scott decision of 1857?

A) It determined that states had the right to offer rights of citizenship to blacks.
B) It legitimized marriages between blacks as well as interracial marriages.
C) It extended equal protection and due process to all.
D) It granted suffrage to black men twenty years or older.

Question 27

What was the effect of the black codes passed in the South following the Civil War?

A) Special protections were granted to newly freed black people to protect them from violence and intimidation.
B) Blacks were given key rights to citizenship such as the right to bear arms and serve on juries.
C) Free blacks were effectively reenslaved by a separate legal system that restricted them.
D) Free blacks were forced to work for their former masters if they could not prove they had other forms of income.

Question 28

What nickname was given to the many free blacks who left the South to settle en masse in Kansas?

A) Redeemers
B) Departed
C) Yankees
D) Exodusters

Question 29

Why did ardent abolitionists, such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, fight against the Fourteenth Amendment?

A) It enfranchised black men but not white women.
B) It described citizens in the Constitution as "male."
C) It did not support the rights of black women.
D) It gave free blacks too many rights.

Question 30

What attitudes prevailed among the Republican Party regarding blacks following the Civil War?

A) Blacks were not equal to whites but deserved basic protections and due process of law.
B) Whites and blacks were equal, and blacks deserved the right to vote.
C) Whites and blacks were equal, and blacks deserved legal protection and the right to work.
D) Blacks were not equal to whites but deserved to vote.

Question 31

Frederick Douglass, Abby Kelley, and other activists denounced Elizabeth Cady Stanton's bigotry because she

A) was not able to see the urgency of the situation for blacks in the South.
B) was narrowly focused on the rights of white women.
C) claimed to be a Christian woman but did not support black women.
D) wanted to abolish slavery but not enfranchise blacks.

Question 32

Which group was disproportionately blamed for increasing taxes during Reconstruction?

A) Black officials
B) Northern Republicans
C) Southern Democrats
D) White officials

Question 33

Johnson didn't punish former Confederate leaders for their role in causing the Civil War because he

A) supported their decision to secede in the first place.
B) believed the end of slavery was punishment enough for them.
C) feared he would lose the next election if he was too harsh on them.
D) thought slavery was morally acceptable and didn't want to humiliate Confederates.

Question 34

About 20 percent of black farmers managed to make a profit from the sharecropping system by

A) being absentee landlords.
B) careful management and hard work.
C) having extremely fertile land and beneficial market prices.
D) affirmative action from the landlord.

Question 35

What political position does this flier advocate?

A) Supporting the Republican president over Congress
B) Supporting the Democratic president over Congress
C) Supporting Democrats in Congress over the Republican president
D) Supporting Republicans in Congress over the Democratic president

Question 36

The term scalawag, an unflattering term meaning "scoundrels," was applied to whom during Reconstruction?

A) Northern soldiers who supported Democrats
B) Northern elites who supported Republicans
C) Southern whites who supported Republicans
D) Southern whites who supported Democrats

Question 37

How did landlords exploit laborers under the sharecropping system that arose following the Civil War?

A) By refusing to rent land to free blacks
B) By charging high fees for goods and supplies
C) By paying below-market rates for crops
D) By sabotaging crop growth

Question 38

Which group seemed to benefit from continual racial antagonism between blacks and whites in the South?

A) Rich whites
B) Poor whites
C) Rich blacks
D) Poor blacks

Question 39

What two forces drove many freed blacks from the South during Reconstruction?

A) Religious antagonism and economic hardship
B) Economic hardship and racial bigotry
C) Racial bigotry and political division
D) Political division and religious hostility

Question 40

What was the result of a loophole in the Fifteenth Amendment?

A) The law did not protect black suffrage in the South, only in the North.
B) Some states refused to recognize the rights of black women to vote.
C) The law did not deny states the power to restrict suffrage.
D) The law effectively disenfranchised poor whites in some states.

Question 41

Why did the federal government use legislation to try to break up the Ku Klux Klan?

A) Military force was not feasible.
B) Local governments were too weak.
C) The judiciary was full of Ku Klux Klan members.
D) Federal legislation could create lasting change.

Question 42

What was the outcome of federal efforts to destroy the Ku Klux Klan?

A) The Ku Klux Klan was disbanded.
B) The Ku Klux Klan continued business as usual.
C) The Ku Klux Klan went underground.
D) Federal authority was weakened by the unsuccessful effort.

Question 43

When civilian governments replaced Reconstruction governments in the South, a group of Democrats referred to themselves as "Redeemers" because they saved the

A) South from white racists.
B) white South from Reconstruction.
C) black South from Reconstruction.
D) North from the burden of Reconstruction.

Question 44

What effect did Supreme Court rulings in cases such as Slaughterhouse (1873) and United States v. Cruikshank (1876) have on black civil rights?

A) These cases protected the Fourteenth Amendment, keeping black civil rights unchanged.
B) These cases narrowed the Fourteenth Amendment, reducing black civil rights.
C) These cases expanded the Fourteenth Amendment, expanding black civil rights.
D) These cases stripped the Fourteenth Amendment, taking away black civil rights.

Question 45

The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan was formed in Tennessee in 1865 as a way to

A) bring together black and white poor people.
B) ensure that Democrats remained in office in the South.
C) promote black civil rights and equality.
D) bring together whites of all classes.

Question 46

When did civilian rule return to the former Confederate states, replacing the Reconstruction governments?

A) 1880
B) 1875
C) 1870
D) 1865