Deck 29: Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Question 1

The inner lining of the uterus is the

A) cervix.
B) endometrium.
C) placenta.
D) fimbria.
E) chorion.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Sperm are produced

A) by Sertoli cells.
B) in the epididymis.
C) by interstitial cells.
D) in the seminiferous tubules.
E) in the seminal vesicles.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The male gonad is the _____, and the female gonad is the _____.

A) ovary; testis
B) vagina; penis
C) testis; uterus
D) testis; ovary
E) penis; vagina

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of these correctly traces the path of a sperm from its origin to the point at which it leaves the male reproductive tract?

A) testis→epididymis→vas deferens→ejaculatory duct→urethra
B) epididymis→vas deferens→testis→urethra→ejaculatory duct
C) testis→epididymis→vas deferens→urethra→ejaculatory duct
D) vas deferens→epididymis→testis→ejaculatory duct→urethra
E) testis→vas deferens→epididymis→ejaculatory duct→urethra

Question 5

Which of these is part of the female reproductive system?

A) oviduct
B) uterus
C) vagina
D) ovary
E) All of the answers are parts of the female reproductive system.

Question 6

Which one adaptation was most important in enabling animals to reproduce on land?

A) penis
B) shelled egg with extraembryonic membranes
C) placenta
D) gametes
E) copulation

Question 7

During the first half of the human ovarian cycle,

A) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes the development of estrogen-secreting follicles.
B) luteinizing hormone (LH) promotes the development of a progesterone-secreting corpus luteum.
C) the corpus luteum reaches its maximum size and progesterone output, then shrinks.
D) there are high levels of both estrogen and progesterone.
E) ovulation occurs on each consecutive day.

Question 8

Which of these cells is diploid (2 n)?

A) first polar body
B) spermatid
C) secondary oocyte
D) sperm
E) primary oocyte

Question 9

Ovulation usually occurs on day _____ of a woman's cycle.

A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 21
E) 28

Question 10

Which of the following mammalian structures is derived from one of the extraembryonic membranes?

A) placenta
B) uterus
C) ovary
D) cervix
E) labia

Question 11

Sperm mature in the

A) prostate gland.
B) testis.
C) penis.
D) vas deferens.
E) epididymis.

Question 12

Which of these serves as the female organ of copulation and the birth canal?

A) uterus
B) oviduct
C) ovary
D) vagina
E) urethra

Question 13

Which lists the structures a secondary oocyte must pass through on its way out of a woman's reproductive tract?

A) oviduct, uterus, vagina
B) vagina, oviduct, uterus
C) vagina, uterus, oviduct
D) uterus, oviduct, vagina
E) oviduct, vagina, uterus

Question 14

How does follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) affect the male reproductive system?

A) promotes testosterone production
B) causes erection
C) promotes spermatogenesis
D) stimulates ovulation
E) triggers ejaculation

Question 15

An unfertilized egg from a female Komodo dragon may develop directly into a young Komodo dragon. This is an example of

A) parturition.
B) assisted reproduction.
C) parthenogenesis.
D) abiogenesis.
E) copulation.

Question 16

The fingerlike projections of the oviducts are the

A) fimbriae.
B) chorionic villi.
C) labia.
D) follicles.
E) acrosomes.

Question 17

Secondary sex characteristics in males develop due to the influence of

A) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
B) progesterone.
C) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
D) estrogen.
E) testosterone.

Question 18

Which part of male anatomy is part of both the urinary system and the reproductive system?

A) testis
B) seminal vesicle
C) urethra
D) prostate gland
E) bulbourethral gland

Question 19

Which of these is viviparous?

A) salmon
B) parrot
C) bullfrog
D) crayfish
E) moose

Question 20

Animals with both male and female reproductive systems are

A) hermaphroditic.
B) chimeric.
C) parthenogenetic.
D) asexual.
E) menopausal.

Question 21

Whatis the extraembryonic membrane that serves as the first site of blood cell formation for the embryo?

A) chorion
B) allantois
C) amnion
D) yolk sac
E) zona pellucida

Question 22

Which of the listed embryonic stages is the earliest?

A) gastrula
B) blastocyst
C) neurula
D) morula
E) 8-cell stage

Question 23

If a woman has been diagnosed with genital warts, she should be examined regularly for

A) cervical cancer.
B) liver cancer.
C) pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
D) gummas.
E) skin cancer.

Question 24

Which of these is mismatched?

A) ovulation - luteinizing hormone (LH) peaks
B) menstruation - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) peaks
C) secretory phase - progesterone peaks
D) menstruation - progesterone declines
E) proliferative phase - estrogen levels rise

Question 25

In which stage do the three germ layers form?

A) gastrula
B) blastocyst
C) neurula
D) morula
E) 8-cell stage

Question 26

The hollow, fluid-filled ball of cells that develops from the morula is the

A) neurula.
B) zygote.
C) somite.
D) blastocyst.
E) gastrula.

Question 27

Which of these places the events of the menstrual cycle in the correct order?

A) menstrual phase→secretory phase→proliferative phase→ovulation
B) menstrual phase→ovulation→secretory phase→proliferative phase
C) menstrual phase→proliferative phase→ovulation→secretory phase
D) menstrual phase→proliferative phase→secretory phase→ovulation
E) menstrual phase→ovulation→proliferative phase→secretory phase

Question 28

Which of the following is 100% effective against both pregnancy and STDs?

A) vasectomy
B) female condom
C) diaphragm
D) tubal ligation
E) abstinence

Question 29

Which of these cells is haploid (n)?

A) zygote
B) oogonium
C) spermatogonium
D) primary spermatocyte
E) secondary oocyte

Question 30

Which list contains the correct sequence of structures a sperm nucleus must penetrate in order to fertilize an egg?

A) egg plasma membrane→follicle cells→zona pellucida
B) follicle cells→egg plasma membrane→zona pellucida
C) follicle cells→zona pellucida→egg plasma membrane
D) egg plasma membrane→zona pellucida→follicle cells
E) zona pellucida→follicle cells→egg plasma membrane

Question 31

The failure of a couple to achieve pregnancy after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse is termed

A) parthenogenesis.
B) menopause.
C) contraception.
D) infertility.
E) abortion.

Question 32

If a woman has an untreated case of chlamydia, it may likely lead to

A) gummas.
B) liver failure.
C) buboes.
D) blisters on the genitals.
E) pelvic inflammatory disease.

Question 33

The second half of the ovarian cycle is termed the _____ phase.

A) ovulatory
B) follicular
C) luteal
D) menstrual
E) menopausal

Question 34

The first two months of human development are referred to as the _____ period.

A) fetal
B) blastocyst
C) implantation
D) cleavage
E) embryonic

Question 35

This birth control device consists of a small piece of plastic that is inserted into the uterus by a health care provider.

A) cervical cap
B) IUD
C) diaphragm
D) female condom
E) vaginal sponge

Question 36

What is the assisted reproductive technology that involves the placement of harvested sperm in a woman's vagina by a physician?

A) IVF
B) AID
C) GIFT
D) ICSI
E) IUD

Question 37

Which STD is caused by a protozoan?

A) chlamydia
B) genital herpes
C) trichomoniasis
D) gonorrhea
E) hepatitis

Question 38

Which STD is caused by a virus?

A) chlamydia
B) syphilis
C) trichomoniasis
D) gonorrhea
E) genital warts

Question 39

A birth control pill works by

A) inhibiting FSH and LH production.
B) making the woman's reproductive tract toxic to sperm.
C) stimulating FSH and LH production.
D) destroying the endometrium.
E) immunizing the woman against human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Question 40

If a man has such severe infertility that his sperm are incapable of penetrating an oocyte and achieving fertilization, then the best assisted reproductive technology for him and his partner would be

A) IVF.
B) AID.
C) GIFT.
D) ICSI.
E) E.IUD.

Question 41

If you could mark the ectoderm of a mouse embryo so that all tissues and organs descended from ectoderm were easily identifiable, where would you expect to find the marker?

A) skeletal muscles and dermis
B) cardiovascular and reproductive systems
C) nervous system and epidermis
D) lining of the digestive and respiratory tracts
E) urinary bladder and its lining

Question 42

If a pregnant woman wanted to know the sex of her fetus as soon as possible, she could have an ultrasound in the _____ month.

A) first
B) third
C) sixth
D) eighth
E) ninth

Question 43

In the figure shown here, which of the following is the cervix?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 44

What structure allows for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between mother and fetus?

A) chorionic villi
B) umbilical cord
C) morula
D) chorion
E) amnion

Question 45

A pregnant woman has passed her due date, and her cervix is dilated. This indicates which stage of childbirth?

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
E) fifth

Question 46

What percentage of infertility is attributed to problems associated with both the male and female in the couple?

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 90%
D) 10%
E) 30%

Question 47

Which organism is most likely to reproduce by fragmentation?

A) hydra
B) sponge
C) bird
D) honeybee
E) frog

Question 48

In the figure shown here, which of the following is the bulbourethral gland?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 49

The embryo (and later the fetus) is connected to the placenta by the

A) umbilical cord.
B) placental tube.
C) somite.
D) chorionic villi.
E) vas deferens.

Question 50

In which stage of childbirth would a mother deliver the placenta?

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
E) fifth

Question 51

The brain and spinal cord develop from the

A) endoderm.
B) neural tube.
C) notochord.
D) neural crest.
E) somites.

Question 52

Which statement is correct about the placenta?

A) The placenta allows for free exchange of blood from the fetus to the mother but not the other direction.
B) The placenta allows for free exchange of blood from the mother to the fetus but not the other direction.
C) The placenta allows for a limited exchange of gases from the fetus to the mother but a free exchange from the mother to the fetus.
D) The placenta does not allow the exchange of blood between the fetus and mother but allows the exchange of gases.
E) The placenta does not allow the exchange of blood or gases between the fetus and mother.

Question 53

Which type of assisted reproductive technology allows the doctor to evaluate the embryo for genetic defects before it is placed into the uterus?

A) ICSI
B) AID
C) IVF
D) GIFT
E) It is impossible to test the embryo for genetic diseases prior to assisted reproductive technology.

Question 54

In the figure shown here, which of the following is the prostate gland?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 55

Which lifestyle is most likely to lead to infertility in a male?

A) a man who is a semiprofessional athlete
B) a manwho works as a computer programmer and sits at a desk the majority of the day
C) a manwho works as a mechanic
D) a man who works for a company that applies pesticides to lawns
E) a man who works as a teacher

Question 56

The bladder originates from

A) ectoderm only.
B) mesoderm only.
C) endoderm only.
D) both mesoderm and endoderm, but not ectoderm.
E) ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Question 57

Which of the following structures is part of the reproductive system?

A) oviduct
B) ovary
C) cervix
D) vagina
E) All of the answers are parts of the female reproductive system.