Deck 8: Electronic Structure

Question 1

The angular momentum quantum number affects the spatial distribution of the electron in three-dimensional space.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The electron configuration for Ca (20 electrons) is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s².

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The valence shell electron configuration of S is 3s²3p⁵.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The element Na has eleven valence electrons.

Question 5

The 5s subshell is filled before allotting electrons to the 4d subshell.

Question 6

The electron configuration for Se (38 electrons) is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶4d².

Question 7

The valence shell electron configuration of the element K is 4s¹

Question 8

The first two columns of the periodic table are labeled the s block.

Question 9

Calcium is an element found in the d block of periodic table.

Question 10

Frequency is the number of cycles of light that pass a given point in one minute .

Question 11

The wavelength of light is the number of cycles of light that pass a given point in one second.

Question 12

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 13

The frequency of light is 10¹⁶ s ^-1 if its wavelength is 10⁻⁸ m.

Question 14

Helium has two electrons. Its electron configuration is 1s¹1p¹.

Question 15

The spin quantum number of an electron should be between zero and 1.

Question 16

Frequency is represented by the Greek symbol, ν (Nu).

Question 17

A line spectrum can be obtained when the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is passed through a prism.

Question 18

The wavelength of light is 3 × 10^-7 m if its frequency is 10¹⁵ s ^-1.

Question 19

Electrons within a shell will have the same value of magnetic quantum number.

Question 20

The energy of light is 2.1 × 10⁻²³ J if its frequency is 3.2 × 10¹⁰ s⁻¹.

Question 21

What is the energy of light if its frequency is 2.69 × 10¹⁰ s⁻¹?

A) 3.7 × 10^-14 J
B) 9.01 ×10¹⁶ J
C) 1.78 × 10^-23 J
D) 2.69 × 10^-34 J
E) 2.69 × 10^-24 J

Question 22

The _____ quantum number largely determines the energy of an electron.

A) magnetic
B) parallel
C) spin
D) principal
E) angular momentum

Question 23

Quantities that can only have certain specific values are called _____ values.

A) revoked
B) quantized
C) normalized
D) optimized
E) integrated

Question 24

Going across a row on the periodic table, left to right, atomic radii decrease.

Question 25

What is the frequency of light if its wavelength is 5.36 × 10⁻⁶ m?

A) 2.12 × 10² s^-1
B) 5.60 × 10¹³ s^-1
C) 2.12 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
D) 1.61 × 10³ s^-1
E) 1.79 × 10^-14 s^-1

Question 26

The distance between corresponding points in two adjacent light cycles is called _____.

A) quantum
B) spectral line
C) frequency
D) spectrum
E) wavelength

Question 27

Rainbow is an example of a(n) _____ spectrum.

A) absorption
B) line
C) mass
D) continuous
E) power

Question 28

Which of the following spectra appear when electricity is passed through a gas and light is emitted and this light is passed though a prism?

A) Continuous spectrum
B) Integrated spectrum
C) Line spectrum
D) Visible spectrum
E) Absorption spectrum

Question 29

Ionization energies increase as you go across the periodic table from left to right.

Question 30

What is the visible wavelength range in the electromagnetic spectrum?

A) 800 nm to 1200 nm
B) 400 nm to 700 nm
C) 200 nm to 300 nm
D) 50 nm to 500 nm
E) 20 nm to 200 nm

Question 31

Which of the following is the quantum number that has a minor effect on the energy of the electron and affects the spatial distribution of the electron in three-dimensional space?

A) parallel
B) principal
C) magnetic
D) spin
E) angular momentum

Question 32

Electron affinity refers to the energy change when a gas-phase atom accepts an electron.

Question 33

The atomic radius of carbon is greater than that of boron.

Question 34

Which of the following statements is consistent with the theory of quantum mechanics?

A) Electrons do not have specific wavelengths
B) Electrons are collected into groups and subgroups
C) Electrons act as waves rather than particles
D) Electrons are neutrally charged particles
E) Electrons are not randomly distributed around a nucleus

Question 35

Which of the following is the reason why electrons have quantized energy values?

A) Electrons have high wavelength
B) Electrons emit electromagnetic radiation
C) Electrons have high frequency
D) Electrons have negative charge
E) Electrons exist in specific orbits

Question 36

What is the wavelength of light if its frequency is 1.6 × 10¹⁴ s^-1?

A) 5.3 × 10⁻⁷ m
B) 1.9 × 10^-6 m
C) 4.8 × 10²² m
D) 4.8 × 10^-8 m
E) 1.5 × 10⁷ m

Question 37

The number of cycles of light that pass a given point in one second is the_____ of light.

A) wavelength
B) spectrum
C) spectral line
D) frequency
E) altitude

Question 38

Atomic radii decrease as you go down a column of the periodic table.

Question 39

What is the frequency of light if its wavelength is 813 nm?

A) 3.69 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
B) 2.71 × 10^-14 s^-1
C) 2.41 × 10² s^-1
D) 8.10 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
E) 2.71 × 10^-15 s^-1

Question 40

The energy of light is estimated to be 6.56 × 10⁻²¹ J. The frequency of this light is _____ s^-1.

A) 1.02 × 10^-13
B) 4.34 × 10⁰
C) 9.90 × 10¹³
D) 1.02 × 10^-13
E) 9.90 × 10¹²

Question 41

Which of the following magnetic quantum numbers is not possible if the principal quantum number is 4?

A) 5
B) 2
C) 1
D) 0
E) -1

Question 42

Which of the following is a highest principal quantum number for the electrons in a calcium atom?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 43

Which of the following sets of quantum numbers is shared by electrons in the same orbital?

A) {2, 1, 0, −1/2} and {2, 1, 1, +1/2}
B) {2, 1, 0, +1/2} and {2, 1, 0, −1/2}
C) {3, 1, 1 , −1/2} and {3, 1, −1, +1/2}
D) {3, 2, 0, +1/2} and {3, 2, 1, −1/2}
E) {1, 1, −1, −1/2} and {1, 1, 1, + 1/2}

Question 44

How many subshells will have electrons if the atom has 15 electrons?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 45

Which of the following refers to the p block in the periodic table?

A) First two rows of the periodic table
B) Right-most six columns of the periodic table
C) First two columns of the periodic table
D) Middle 10 columns of the periodic table
E) The section that is detached from the main body of the table

Question 46

Identify the subshell that is expected to remain partially filled for an atom with 55 electrons.

A) 4f
B) 5p
C) 4d
D) 6s
E) 5s

Question 47

Each value of _____ quantum number designates a certain orbital.

A) spin
B) angular
C) magnetic
D) parallel
E) principal

Question 48

Which of the following elements belong to the p block in the periodic table?

A) Li
B) Na
C) O
D) K
E) H

Question 49

Electrons in the last unfilled subshell of an atom are called _____ electrons.

A) inactive
B) noble
C) kinetic
D) valence
E) dormant

Question 50

An electron is characterized by the following quantum number values. n = 3; ℓ = 2; m_ℓ = 1. Which of the following can be the spin quantum number for this electron?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) −1/2
E) +1/6

Question 51

Which of the following numbers can be the value for angular momentum quantum number if the principal quantum is 1?

A) -1
B) 0
C) 1
D) 2
E) 3

Question 52

The first two columns of the periodic table are labeled the _____.

A) p block
B) d block
C) a block
D) f block
E) s block

Question 53

Which of the following set of quantum numbers {n, ℓ, m_ℓ, m_s} is allowed?

A) {2, 1, 0, −1/2}
B) {2, 1, 2, +1/2}
C) {2, 2, 0, −1/2}
D) {2, −1, 0, +1/2}
E) {2, 2, 1, −1/2}

Question 54

What are the valence shell electron configurations of the elements in the first column of the periodic table?

A) np²
B) ns²
C) np¹
D) np³
E) ns¹

Question 55

How many valence electrons are present in a Ni atom with 28 electrons?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 9

Question 56

Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration for an Mn atom with 25 electrons?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 57

Which of the following is the central idea of the Pauli exclusion principle?

A) Electrons should have equal principal and magnetic quantum numbers.
B) At least three electrons should exist in a subshell.
C) Electrons have negative charge and positive magnetic polarization.
D) Electrons contain all colors of light.
E) No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 58

Which of the following elements belongs to the s block in the periodic table?

A) Fe
B) Ne
C) C
D) Na
E) N

Question 59

How many subshells are completely filled with an atom that has 40 electrons?

A) 9
B) 12
C) 8
D) 6
E) 4

Question 60

Which of the following is an element in the d block of the periodic table?

A) Cl
B) Fe
C) Na
D) K
E) Ne

Question 61

Referring to the periodic table, which of the following atoms is likely to have the smallest atomic radius?

A) Sc
B) Cr
C) Co
D) Cu
E) Zn

Question 62

How would the eight electrons for O be assigned to the n and ℓ quantum numbers? Briefly explain.

Question 63

Briefly distinguish between continuous spectrum and line spectrum.

Question 64

Referring to the periodic table, which of the following atoms is likely to have the largest atomic radius?

A) C
B) O
C) B
D) F
E) N

Question 65

Referring to the periodic table, which of the following atoms is likely to have the highest ionization energy?

A) P
B) S
C) Al
D) Cl
E) Si

Question 66

What is electromagnetic spectrum? Which part of electromagnetic spectrum is visible?

Question 67

_____ is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase.

A) Electron affinity
B) Kinetic energy
C) Nuclear affinity
D) Magnetic energy
E) Ionization energy

Question 68

Explain the relationship between wavelength and frequency of light.

Question 69

Referring to the periodic table, which of the following atoms is likely to have the highest ionization energy?

A) F
B) Cl
C) Br
D) I
E) At

Question 70

What is spin quantum number? What are the values that it can have?

Question 71

What is quantum number? Give a set of quantum numbers that exist.

Question 72

The inner electrons of an atom are called _____.

A) noble electrons
B) idle electrons
C) redundant electrons
D) core electrons
E) valence electrons

Question 73

Referring to the periodic table, which of the following atoms has the smallest atomic radius?

A) Li
B) Rb
C) Na
D) H
E) K

Question 74

What is the abbreviated electron configuration for S, which has 16 electrons?

A) [Ar]4s¹
B) [Ar]3p²
C) [Ne] 3s²3p⁴
D) [Ne][Ar]4s²
E) [Ne]3p³

Question 75

Explain the concepts of wavelength and frequency of light. Draw a wave and show wavelength and frequency.

Question 76

Predict which of the following atoms will have the highest magnitude of electron affinity.

A) B
B) F
C) O
D) N
E) C

Question 77

List the four types of quantum numbers.

Question 78

What are s block elements? Provide an example.

Question 79

Which of the following is the partially filled subshell for an atom that has 46 electrons?

A) 4d⁸
B) 3d¹⁰
C) 4d¹⁰
D) 4f¹
E) 5s²

Question 80

Briefly explain Pauli's exclusion principle.