Deck 5: Quantitative Research: Basic Experimental Designs

Question 1

Which of the following is a type of independent variable that is controlled by the researcher by manipulating a 'treatment' that one group of participants receive and the control group does not?

A) Factor
B) Individual-difference variable
C) Placebo

Answer 1

A

Question 2

If you were to test whether males and females differed on a measure of the communication of intimacy in friendship relationships, you would most likely use:

A) Independent-samples t test
B) ANOVA

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A student conducted a research study by surveying his fraternity brothers about their political attitudes. This study might well have a problem with _____________-

A) Internal validity
B) External validity

Answer 3

B

Question 4

If you were to compare the mean scores of people living in the U.S., China, Japan and Russia on a test of introversion-extroversion, you would most likely use:

A) Independent -samples t test
B) ANOVA

Question 5

Which type of statistical test requires post-hoc tests to interpret significant findings?

A) Independent-samples t test
B) ANOVA
C) Both of the above

Question 6

The law of large numbers means that:

A) All participants have an equal opportunity to be placed in experimental groups
B) As the size of the sample increases, the likelihood that the sample will be similar to the overall population increases
C) Participants are assigned to conditions based on a preexisting trait
D) The researcher makes the experimental groups as similar as possible on a potential rival variable
E) All of the above

Question 7

A researcher can attempt to control for rival variables by using which of the following strategies?

A) Balance the presence of a rival variable across all experimental groups

Question 8

Which of the following is the outcome variable that the researcher is seeking to predict?

A) Dependent variable
B) Extraneous variable
C) Independent variable
D) Individual-difference variable

Question 9

Which of the following are variables that are systematically controlled by the researcher?

A) Independent variables
B) Dependent variables