Deck 14: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

The common name for 2-butanone, a readily available solvent, is

A)
B) butyl ketone.
C) methyl acetone.
D) methyl ethyl ketone.
E)butyl ether.

Answer 1

methyl ethyl ketone.

Question 2

How many lone pairs of electrons does the oxygen in a carbonyl group have?

A)None, they're all bonded.
B)one
C)two
D)three
E)four

Answer 2

two

Question 3

Which of the following pairs of compounds are isomers?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

A)methyl aldehyde
B)methanal
C)ethanal
D)1-ethanaldehyde
E)1-ethanone

Question 5

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

A)2,5-dimethylcyclohexanone
B)1,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanone
C)methylcyclohexanone
D)1,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexanone
E)cyclohexyl methyl ketone

Question 6

Which one of the following compounds is an aldehyde?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) CH₃-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₃

Question 7

In the IUPAC naming system, an aldehyde is named by replacing the -e of the name of the corresponding alkane with

A)al.
B)one.
C)ene.
D)yne.
E)ol.

Question 8

Acetone can be produced by the body when a person is

A)recovering from surgery.
B)sleeping.
C)exercising.
D)dieting with high protein diets.
E)ill with a flu.

Question 9

In all aldehydes except formaldehyde, how many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbonyl group?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four

Question 10

The carbonyl group consists of

A)a carbon singly bonded to an oxygen and the oxygen singly bonded to another carbon.
B)a carbon singly bonded to an oxygen and the oxygen bonded to a hydrogen.
C)a carbon triply bonded to an oxygen.
D)a carbon double bonded to an oxygen.
E)a carbon singly bonded to an oxygen.

Question 11

Which of the folowing compounds contains a ketone functional group?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 12

In the IUPAC naming system, a ketone is named by replacing the -e in the corresponding alkane name with

A)al.
B)ol.
C)yne.
D)one.
E)ene.

Question 13

Three functional groups found in this compound are

A)alcohol, aldehyde, and ether.
B)alcohol, ether, and ketone.
C)aldehyde, ether, and carboxylic acid.
D)alcohol, aromatic, and ether.
E)cycloalkene, alcohol, and carboxylic acid.

Question 14

The oxygen atom in a carbonyl group is ________ the carbon atom.

A)more electropositive than
B)more soluble than
C)more electronegative than
D)identical in electronegativity to
E)less electronegative than

Question 15

Formaldehyde is used industrially to make

A)carpeting.
B)polymers.
C)insulating materials.
D)All of the above.
E)None of the above.

Question 16

How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbonyl group in a ketone?

A)none
B)one
C)two
D)three
E)four

Question 17

How many carbonyl-containing isomers does the formula have?

A)two
B)five
C)three
D)eight
E)seven

Question 18

What is the name of this compound?

A)2-pentanone
B)2-methyl-3-butanone
C)3-methyl-2-butanone
D)methyl propyl ketone
E)2-methyl-3-ketone butane

Question 19

The compound 2-propanone is also known as

A) propylone.
B)
C) 2-propanone.
D) acetone.
E) dimethyl ketone.

Question 20

What are the bond angles in a typical carbonyl group?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 21

Aldehydes and ketones may be reduced to

A)alcohols.
B)acids.
C)alkanes.
D)esters.
E)ethers.

Question 22

The flavoring agent found in vanilla is

A)a hydrocarbon.
B)a ketone.
C)an aldehyde.
D)an ester.
E)a thiol.

Question 23

Which of the compounds would give a positive Tollens' test?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 24

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)3-methylbutanal
B)2-methylbutanone
C)3-methylbutanone
D)pentanone
E)2-methyl-1-butanal

Question 25

The Tollens' test may be used to distinguish

A)alcohols from alkenes.
B)ketones from alcohols.
C)acids from amines.
D)esters from acids.
E)aldehydes from ketones.

Question 26

How many moles of an alcohol are needed to react with 1 mole of an aldehyde to form a hemiacetal?

A)3.5 moles
B)3 moles
C)1.5 moles
D)2 moles
E)1 moles

Question 27

What is the name of this compound?

A)3-methylbutanone
B)2-methyl-3-butanone
C)2-methylbutanone
D)pentanone
E)3-methyl-2-butanone

Question 28

Formalin is

A)a plastic.
B)another name for formaldehyde.
C)an excellent solvent.
D)a polymer.
E)a 40% aqueous solution of formaldehyde.

Question 29

Aldehydes have higher boiling points than alkanes of similar molar mass because of

A)dipole-dipole interactions.
B)ionic bonding.
C)oxygen bonding.
D)covalent bonding.
E)hydrogen bonding.

Question 30

Which of the following ketones is the most solubale in water?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 31

An acetal is formed from two molecules of an alcohol and a(n)

A)ester.
B)ether.
C)carboxylic acid.
D)aldehyde.
E)alkyl ether.

Question 32

Which of the following would NOT be water soluble?

A)acetone
B)propanal
C)2-butanone
D)formaldehyde
E)3-heptanone

Question 33

What is the common name of this compound?

A)acetone
B)3-pentanone
C)ethyl methyl ketone
D)dimethyl ketone
E)diethyl ketone

Question 34

Low-molecular-weight ketones are soluble in water. What is the shortest length of the carbon chain where insolubility becomes important?

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)five
E)eight

Question 35

The Benedict's test may be used to distinguish

A)aldehydes from ketones.
B)ketones from alcohols.
C)acids from amines.
D)alcohols from alkenes.
E)esters from acids.

Question 36

The increased boiling point of ketones compared to alkanes and ethers of similar molar mass is due to

A)resonance.
B)a bent chain structure.
C)hydrogen bonding.
D)ionic interactions.
E)dipole-dipole interactions.

Question 37

The hydrogenation of 2-methylpropanal yields

A)2-methyl-2-propanol.
B)2-methyl-3-propanol.
C)1-butanol.
D)2-methylpropanoic acid.
E)2-methyl-1-propanol.

Question 38

The reduction of 3-pentanone with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst will yield

A)pentanaldehyde.
B)3-pentanol.
C)diethyl alcohol.
D)pentane.
E)2-pentene.

Question 39

Acetone is a ketone commonly used as a

A)solvent.
B)preservative.
C)fuel.
D)drain cleaner.
E)flavoring agent.

Question 40

The addition of hydrogen to an organic compound or the loss of oxygen is called

A)halogenation.
B)oxidation.
C)dehydration.
D)reduction.
E)hydration.

Question 41

The product of adding two molecules of an alcohol to one molecule of an aldehyde in the presence of acid is a(n)

A)hemiacetal.
B)ether.
C)hemiether.
D)acetal.
E)hydroxyl group.

Question 42

How do sugars form cyclic hemiacetals?

A)Functional groups within molecule of sugar react with each other.
B)Two molecules of a sugar react with one another.
C)A molecule of sugar reacts with an added aldehyde.
D)A sugar molecule decomposes.
E)A molecule of sugar reacts with an added alcohol.

Question 43

Which of these compounds is the hemiacetal that forms when ethanol reacts with propanal?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 44

What is the acetal formed when propanone reacts with two molecules of methanol?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)