Deck 5: Family Problems

Question 1

The sociological definition of the family includes

A)a small busines where the workers all know each other well.
B)good friends.
C)unmarried same-sex couples.
D)roommates.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The ___________ divorce rate refers to the number of divorces per 1,000 married women.

A)crude
B)refined
C)total
D)per capita

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The percentage of births that are to unmarried women ________________ in recent years.

A)increased to an all-time high
B)declined slightly
C)stayed the same
D)decreased significantly as more women are in common-law marriages

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Developed nations generally have ____________ less developed nations.

A)more egalitarian marriages than
B)less egalitarian marriages than
C)the same amount of equality in marriage as
D)completely ended inequality in marriage when compared to

Question 5

An emerging family form known as "living apart together" relationships is one in which

A)couples who are married or unmarried choose to live in separate homes.
B)a divorced couple remains together in the same residence.
C)an unmarried couple lives together but emotionally remains apart.
D)a divorced couple shares joint custody of their children.

Question 6

Josh and Martha are married and lived together until Josh's job moved to a different city. Martha stayed behind with the children in their old house. Josh visits as often as he can. Josh and Martha have a _____________ marriage.​

A)​LAT
B)​commuter
C)​transient
D)​blended

Question 7

Which trend occurred in recent years in U.S. families?

A)Earlier age at marriage
B)More interracial couples
C)Fewer couples living together without being married
D)Increased divorce rate

Question 8

Polyandry is ______ than polygyny.

A)more common worldwide
B)more common in the U.S.
C)equally as common worldwide
D)less common worldwide

Question 9

A succession of marriages where a person has more than one spouse over a lifetime but is legally married to only one person at a time is

A)serial monogamy.
B)polygamy.
C)polyandry.
D)polyamory.

Question 10

Nonmarital childbirth is most common in

A)Western Europe.
B)Central and South America.
C)India.
D)the United States.

Question 11

In a(n)______________ parents or a third party choose the spouse for a young person.

A)patriarchal system
B)endogamy
C)arranged marriage
D)bigamy

Question 12

According to the U.S. Census, a family

A)is a kinship system of all relatives living together or recognized as a social unit.
B)refers to two or more persons related by blood, marriage or adoption.
C)constitutes two or more persons who share a common residence.
D)is a unit that consists of a mother, father and at least one child, who share a common residence.

Question 13

A form of marriage that involves one husband having more than one wife is

A)serial monogamy.
B)polygyny.
C)polyandry.
D)monogamy.

Question 14

In the United States, same-sex marriages

A)​are legal in some states but other states are not required to recognize those marriages.
B)​are legal in all fifty states.
C)​have been declared unconstitutional.
D)​may be legal if declared so by a family court.

Question 15

In general, under U.S. laws

A)stepparents do not have the same legal obligations to stepchildren as they do to biological children.
B)stepparents who divorce the biological parent have the same legal rights to custody and visitation of their stepchildren as biological parents.
C)stepparents who divorce the biological parent have a legal obligation to pay child support.
D)stepchildren have the right of inheritance in the event of the stepparent's death.

Question 16

The divorce rate has changed since the early 1980s. One reasons is

A)Americans are getting married at older ages.
B)there are more commuter marriages.
C)people are choosing not to marry in a church.
D)there are fewer blended families.

Question 17

Significant changes occurring in U.S. families and households over the last several decades include

A)men and women marrying at a younger age.
B)decreased heterosexual and same-sex cohabitation.
C)more births to unmarried women.
D)fewer single-parent families.

Question 18

What is the legal status of living together?

A)After seven years, it results in a common-law marriage in all states.
B)It is still illegal in a few states.
C)It is officially illegal in all states, but those laws are rarely enforced.
D)It is the same as a domestic partnership in all states.

Question 19

The percentage of people who cohabit __________________ since 1980.

A)decreased dramatically
B)stayed the same
C)increased slightly
D)more than doubled

Question 20

Which of the following is a change occurring in U.S. marriages and families?

A)Fewer numbers of singles
B)More divorces among middle and later age couples
C)Decreased employment of mothers
D)Fewer three-generation households

Question 21

The term "patriarchy" refers to which of the following?

A)Fatherless homes
B)The practice of granting fathers sick leave upon the birth of their child
C)Traditional male domination of families
D)Single parent homes in which the father has custody of his children

Question 22

Which of these statements is true about grandparents in the U.S.?​

A)​The number of grandparents raising grandchildren increased in recent years.
B)Multigenerational families usually form because the grandparents need assistance.
C)Multigenerational households were much more common in the past.
D)​Most multigenerational families are formed because a mother does not want to "give up" her adult children.

Question 23

Which theoretical perspective would be most interested in verbal abuse resulting in negative self-concepts?​

A)Conflict
B)Structural-functionalist
C)Symbolic interactionist
D)​Feminist

Question 24

Structural-functionalists attribute the high rate of divorce and single-parent households to

A)the still-existing problem of male domination.
B)changing social roles.
C)change in societal definitions of divorce.
D)domestic abuse that creates negative self-concepts.

Question 25

The system of ____________ implies that wives and children are the property of husbands and fathers.​

A)​matriarchy
B)​androgyny
C)​structural functionalism
D)​patriarchy

Question 26

Conflict theorists emphasize that the policies of the American government

A)help the powerful and wealthy.
B)are significantly contributing to the stabilization of family structure in response to pressures from the religious right to maintain family values.
C)are gradually reducing the forces in American society that contribute to divorce and unwed pregnancy.
D)serve the interests of lower-income families more than middle-income families.

Question 27

According to symbolic interactionists, the significance of social interaction in children's developing self-concepts suggests

A)the importance of maintaining the traditional family form.
B)society should accept nontraditional family forms.
C)equal parenting roles will confuse and frustrate the child.
D)acceptance of a stepparent will weaken the child's development of an independent identity.

Question 28

According to symbolic interactionists, the term "visitation rights"

A)minimizes the importance of the noncustodial parent's rights.
B)gives the noncustodial parent a feeling of involvement in his or her child's life.
C)signifies to the child that the noncustodial parent still loves him or her.
D)undermines the child's identification with the stepparent.

Question 29

By "gender-based slavery," conflict theorist Engels was referring to

A)the use of female slaves to breastfeed the children of their owners.
B)the division of labor among slaves, in which the males worked in the fields and females performed domestic chores for their owners.
C)the division of labor in capitalism in which women do labor for which they receive neither income nor status while men leave the home to earn an income.
D)the practice of selling females into prostitution.

Question 30

The _____ perspective argues increased divorce and single-parenthood contribute to other social problems.

A)family breakdown
B)marital status
C)marital resiliency
D)marital decline

Question 31

Conflict sociologists contend that the widespread belief that today's marriages are between equals

A)is true for upper- and middle-class women, but not for lower-class women.
B)masks a significant increase in female-domination of their husbands and the family.
C)covers up continuing male domination in intimate relationships.
D)is true for families in industrialized societies but untrue in developing societies.

Question 32

The main purpose of marriage today is to

A)be viewed as an adult by the rest of society.
B)have and raise children.
C)provide adult intimacy and companionship.
D)provide financial security.

Question 33

Which famous philosopher said that modern society rests on gender-based slavery?​

A)​Friedrich Engels
B)​John Locke
C)​Henry David Thoreau
D)​Thomas Jefferson

Question 34

Feminists believe that the unequal distribution of power among men and women

A)has virtually disappeared in the families of modern, industrialized societies.
B)contributes to wife battering.
C)contributes to the emotional well-being of children in the family.
D)is necessary to ensure higher family incomes in modern societies.

Question 35

The __________ perspective argues divorce provides a second change at happiness for adults and an escape from a dysfunctional family for children.

A)family breakdown
B)marital status
C)marital resiliency
D)marital decline

Question 36

___________ theory focuses on how capitalism, social class, and power influence marriages and families.

A)Structural-functionalist
B)Conflict
C)Symbolic interactionist
D)Patriarchy

Question 37

Which theoretical perspective argues that families have been weakened by changing gender roles?

A)Structural-functionalist
B)Conflict
C)Symbolic interactionist
D)Feminist

Question 38

The authors of the text argue that

A)divorce may be seen as believing marriage is very important.
B)the high rate of out-of-wedlock birth is a clear indicator of a decline in the value of marriage.
C)the divorce rate is rising because Americans are getting married at increasingly younger ages.
D)all unwed mothers must be considered single parents.

Question 39

Christina and Evan live together in a(n)_______________ with friends who share housing, income, and childcare.

A)​grandfamily
B)intentional community
C)​polygyny
D)exogamy

Question 40

Which has contributed to high rate of divorce in American society?

A)Changing family functions
B)Equality in household roles
C)Increased familism
D)Decreased life expectancy

Question 41

Which statement is true about intimate partner violence and abuse?

A)It only involves physical violence.
B)Most victims are men.
C)There is less stigma connected with violence perpetrated by women.
D)Actual partner violence is very rare. Usually it is exaggerated.

Question 42

Intimate partner violence often results in

A)an economic safety net.
B)interference with women's employment.
C)enhanced educational opportunities for women.
D)more egalitarian relationships

Question 43

Which of the following statements best reflects the consequences of divorce?​

A)​The effects of divorce on adults and children are mixed and variable with both positive and negative effects.
B)​The consequences of divorce are always negative for children but positive for the adults.
C)​There are no long term consequences of divorce for the children.
D)​Divorce generally benefits all involved.

Question 44

Intimate partner violence refers to actual or threatened violent crimes committed by

A)parents.
B)girlfriends.
C)siblings.
D)strangers.

Question 45

Compared with married individuals, divorced individuals have​

A)​a higher standard of living.
B)less money and resources.
C)​dramatically improved economic circumstances.
D)​little change in their economic circumstances.

Question 46

Which type of male perpetrator of intimate partner violence is likely to suffer from Fear of abandonment and lashes out at a loved one?

A)Psychopathic
B)​Hostile
C)​Borderline
D)​Traumatic

Question 47

According to your text, which of the following is almost entirely perpetrated by men and is more likely to involve serious injury?

A)Mutual violent control
B)Intimate terrorism
C)Violent resistance
D)Common couple violence

Question 48

Which of the following is one of the identified patterns of partner violence?

A)Sibling abuse
B)Intimate terrorism
C)Sexual withholding
D)Child abuse

Question 49

An emotional and psychological disturbance in which children engage in exaggerated and unjustified denigration and criticism of a parent is

A)divorce adjustment disorder.
B)divorce fault syndrome.
C)parental alienation (PA).
D)child retaliation syndrome (CRS).

Question 50

Violence against current or former spouses, live-in partners, boyfriends, or girlfriends is called

A)family larceny.
B)intimate partner violence.
C)relationship danger.
D)intimate intimidation.

Question 51

Parental alienation (PA)is

A)a type of physical abuse.
B)a controversial diagnosis.
C)currently included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association.
D)not a recognized condition.

Question 52

Today, _____ states recognize some form of no-fault divorce.

A)a few
B)slightly more than half
C)almost all
D)all 50

Question 53

Janie and Harry were arguing over a minor traffic accident in which Janie was involved. Harry got so angry because Janie would not admit that the accident was her fault, he slapped her. This scenario illustrates which of the following patterns of intimate partner violence?

A)Mutual violent control
B)Intimate terrorism
C)Violent resistance
D)Common couple violence

Question 54

Emotional abuse can include

A)withholding physical contact.
B)slapping rather than hitting with a closed fist.
C)pulling hair.
D)forced sex.

Question 55

Which of the following is almost exclusively perpetrated by women against a male partner?

A)Intimate terrorism
B)Common couple violence
C)Violent resistance
D)Mutual violent control

Question 56

The "second shift" refers to

A)overtime work of husbands to keep up with their financial expenses.
B)childcare and household chores.
C)the extra work on the job that employers now demand.
D)second jobs taken by underemployed workers in the labor force.

Question 57

The tendency to focus on one's own self-interests and personal happiness rather than the family or community is called

A)​individualism.
B)​familism.
C)​patriarchy.
D)​ego-mania.

Question 58

Abuse in relationships typically

A)is ongoing and constant.
B)occurs in cycles where an abusive episode is followed by a makeup period.
C)occurs in cycles where an abusive episode is followed by intense emotional abuse and victim blaming.
D)is sporadic and unpredictable.

Question 59

Aaron blames his girlfriend when thing go wrong and is very sensitive to criticism. He is likely a __________ abuser.

A)borderline/dependent
B)psychopathic
C)hostile/controlling
D)unintentional

Question 60

According to the text, what is a reason women stay in abusive relationships?

A)The excitement
B)Security in the feeling of being controlled
C)A belief it's their "fault"
D)A desire for revenge

Question 61

The most common form of sibling abuse is

A)emotional abuse.
B)sexual abuse.
C)neglect.
D)physical assault.

Question 62

Among females, early forced sex is associated with

A)running away from home.
B)fewer sexual partners in adulthood.
C)higher marital satisfaction as an adult.
D)higher family cohesion as an adult.

Question 63

Sexual abuse, negligent treatment, physical or mental injury, or maltreatment of a child under the age of 18 by a person who is responsible for the child's welfare is called

A)corporal punishment.
B)neglect.
C)child abuse.
D)common family violence.

Question 64

Children who experience corporal punishment tend to demonstrate

A)less violence in their relationships.
B)happier mood.
C)more internalization of morals.
D)greater withdrawal.

Question 65

In violent parental abuse,

A)more violence is directed against fathers than mothers.
B)daughters tend to be more violent than sons toward their parents.
C)the parents sometimes have been violent toward the children.
D)all siblings tend to be violent toward their parents.

Question 66

Which of the following is associated with domestic violence and abuse?

A)Traditional male gender roles
B)Men and women who earn about equal incomes
C)Equal power between husband and wife
D)Strong extended family relations

Question 67

___________ is the failure of a child's caregiver to provide food, adequate attention and supervision, or medical care.

A)Abuse
B)PTSD
C)Child harassment
D)Neglect

Question 68

The most common form of child abuse is

A)physical abuse.
B)emotional/psychological abuse.
C)neglect.
D)sexual abuse.

Question 69

Elder abuse most frequently occurs as

A)physical abuse.
B)neglect.
C)psychological abuse.
D)financial abuse.

Question 70

Children at the highest risk for abuse are those in the age group

A)birth to 1 year.
B)1 to 3 years.
C)3 to 6 years.
D)​10 to 12 years.

Question 71

Adult males who were sexually abused as children demonstrate a higher level of

A)becoming gay.
B)later happy family life.
C)suicidal feelings.
D)underdeveloped conscience.

Question 72

The penalties for rape were originally based on ______ laws.

A)human rights
B)domestic relations
C)criminal
D)property rights

Question 73

Christina offered to shop for her elderly aunt. While she did buy some groceries for her aunt, she kept most of the money for herself. ​This illustrates

A)​financial abuse.
B)​neglect.
C)​emotional abuse.
D)​isolation.

Question 74

Those who abuse children are most often

A)non-kin babysitters or nannies.
B)cohabitating boyfriends of the mother.
C)parents of the victim.
D)kin caretakers other than parents.

Question 75

________________ are most likely to engage in elder abuse.

A)Nursing home caregivers
B)Spouses
C)Adult children
D)Non-kin caregivers in the home

Question 76

The leading cause of death in abused children is

A)suffocation.
B)head injury.
C)infectious disease.
D)heart failure.

Question 77

_____ occurs when a caregiver shakes a baby to the point of causing the child to experience brain or retinal hemorrhage, most often in response to a young baby who will not stop crying.

A)Neglect
B)Juvenile hemorrhage disorder
C)Oppositional baby response
D)Shaken baby syndrome

Question 78

What did the text say about corporal punishment in the U.S.?

A)It is very rare.
B)No one uses a paddle or belt anymore.
C)Very few children are spanked beyong the age of 6.
D)It is used with the intent to control behavior.

Question 79

If a husband forces his wife to have sex,

A)it is marital rape.
B)it is legal in most states.
C)it is not considered rape because she is his property.
D)it is not considered rape because she agreed to the sex when she married him.

Question 80

Many mental health professionals and child development specialists argue corporal punishment is

A)the most effective way to socialize all children.
B)an effective way to socialize most children, but ineffective for babies or children with disabilities.
C)an ineffective way to socialize most children, but effective for children with violent tendencies.
D)damaging to children and generally  ineffective as discipline.