Deck 7: Radiographic Imaging

Question 1

The x-radiation that is "left over" and exits the patient to strike the image receptor and create the image is known as _____ radiation.

A)remnant
B)primary
C)scatter and secondary
D)Grenz

Answer 1

A
The resulting beam that is able to exit from the patient is called exit or remnant radiation.This remnant radiation produces an image in the image receptor.

Question 2

An effective method to overcome superimposition of patient anatomy on a radiograph is to

A)1 and 3 only
B)2 and 5 only
C)2 and 4 only
D)1 and 5 only

Answer 2

C
If the object of interest is superimposed on another object,the resulting image is difficult to evaluate.By rotating or obliquing the body,the object of interest can be projected free from the interference of the overlying object.Frequently,a combination of part rotation and central ray angulation is used to best demonstrate the anatomic details free from superimposition by overlying structures.

Question 3

As you position patients for various radiographic procedures,you will occasionally angle the x-ray tube assembly.This intentional use of tube angles is referred to as

A)size distortion.
B)size minification.
C)shape distortion.
D)magnification.

Answer 3

C
The misrepresentation of the shape of an object on an image is called shape distortion or true distortion.It is controlled by the alignment of the beam,part,and image receptor.Influencing factors include central ray angulation and body part rotation.

Question 4

Inadequate mAs exposures in CR imaging technology will yield an image that is

A)grainy and demonstrates quantum mottle.
B)magnified and distorted.
C)minified and distorted.
D)overexposed and too dark to interpret.

Question 5

Bowel gas in the abdomen is an example of a _____ material,with regard to the x-ray beam.

A)radiopaque
B)radiolucent
C)radiofrequent
D)radioresistant

Question 6

In a film-based imaging department,automatic processors are an indispensable part of departmental operations.What is NOT true regarding automatic film processing?

A)They typically process images in 90 seconds.
B)They are maintenance free and require annual cleaning.
C)They use rollers to transport film through the processing compartments.
D)The processing chemicals consist of developer,fixer,and wash.

Question 7

The production of x-radiation that occurs in an x-ray tube requires the movement of negatively charged particles traveling from one side of the tube to the other.This movement of charges must occur in

A)an aqueous medium.
B)a vacuum.
C)a tungsten gas environment.
D)any condition that exists inside the x-ray tube,including a nonvacuum.

Question 8

When radiographic images of patients are created,many exposure variables come into play to produce optimum image quality.Any change in the radiographic image impression should be the result of

A)each technologist using his or her customized exposure techniques.
B)the radiation output of the x-ray machine.
C)the patient's medical condition as reflected in the image characteristics.
D)the time of day the image is taken because department business affects image quality.

Question 9

Of all of the energy traveling through the x-ray tube during a radiographic exposure,the largest percentage of this electrical energy is converted to

A)x-radiation.
B)infrared energy.
C)thermal energy (heat).
D)mechanical energy.

Question 10

The x-ray tube component that stops the stream of electrons and produces the x-ray beam is called the

A)cathode.
B)anode.
C)tetrode.
D)positode.

Question 11

The device that intercepts the exit radiation from a patient and creates the radiographic image is the

A)radiographic grid.
B)collimator.
C)image receptor.
D)image workstation.

Question 12

All of the following are true of computed radiography (CR)EXCEPT

A)it uses cassettes.
B)the image is recorded on an amorphous silicon digital detector plate.
C)the active chemical in CR plates is barium fluorohalide.
D)the image plates are reusable.

Question 13

The darkness of a film image is referred to as radiographic density.Given the three sets of mAs calculations that follow,all three should yield the same degree of radiographic density.
Exposure 1: 200 mA ´ 0.05 ms
Exposure 2: 100 mA ´ 0.10 ms
Exposure 3: 400 mA ´ 0.025 ms
This is known as

A)the inverse square law.
B)the kVp/mAs ratio.
C)mA/mAs proportionality.
D)mAs reciprocity.

Question 14

There are four primary image quality factors.They are

A)SID,mAs,SOD,and kVp.
B)primary radiation,scatter radiation,secondary radiation,and remnant radiation.
C)contrast,IR exposure or density,distortion,and recorded detail.
D)grids,collimation,filtration,and beam restriction.

Question 15

The total quantity of x-ray photons produced during an exposure is determined by the

A)kVp.
B)SID.
C)milliamperage (mA).
D)mAs.

Question 16

A direct capture digital radiography detector uses _____ as the receptor material.

A)silver bromide
B)amorphous silicon
C)amorphous selenium
D)barium fluorohalide

Question 17

X-ray film imaging has been replaced by

A)computed radiography (CR).
B)direct digital detector technology.
C)digital radiography systems.
D)all of the above.

Question 18

All of the following are related EXCEPT

A)source of electrons.
B)means for setting electrons in high-speed motion.
C)a target to stop or suddenly decelerate the electron travel.
D)a lead barrier to stop the production of heat formation.

Question 19

As you process a radiographic image of the abdomen of a small child,you notice a small ringlike object on the image.It appears this object is in the patient's stomach,which is consistent with the examination history.The ring shows on the x-ray image because of its metallic density.This is the result of

A)attenuation of the x-ray beam by the metallic density of the ring.
B)transmission of the x-ray beam through the soft metal of the ring.
C)electrons from the x-ray tube striking the patient.
D)scatter radiation from the patient.

Question 20

The invisible,unprocessed data on an image detector immediately after x-ray exposure form the _____ image.

A)remnant
B)manifest
C)primary
D)latent

Question 21

The loss of radiographic image resolution is often referred to as unsharpness.All of the following contribute to total image unsharpness EXCEPT the

A)size and shape of the patient's anatomy.
B)pixel size of the image receptor (IR)and monitor display.
C)size and shape of the exposure field (collimation).
D)image geometry factors such as SID,OID,and focal spot size.

Question 22

As you perform a portable chest radiograph,the optimal SID of 40 inches is unattainable because of orthopedic supports over the patient.It is necessary for you to shorten the SID to 34 inches.A professional radiographer should do which of the following?

A)Indicate the shorter SID on the examination notes to the radiologist.
B)Prop the patient up to increase the distance 6 inches from the image receptor.
C)Angle the tube cephalad to compensate for the shorter SID.
D)Angle the tube 15 degrees caudad to compensate for the SID.

Question 23

The dynamic display of a patient's anatomy using x-radiation is termed

A)fluoroscopy.
B)radiography.
C)image intensification.
D)real-time radiography.

Question 24

An effective measure of actual exposure compared to a target exposure value is the use of a(n)

A)S number.
B)deviation index (DI).
C)exposure index (EI).
D)half-value layer.

Question 25

Computers and their software programs are essential to the processing of digital image data for digital x-ray images.This software can compensate for wide variances in radiation exposure to produce an image.Too little or too much exposure is compensated for through _____ to produce consistent image contrast and brightness,regardless of exposure.

A)automatic rescaling
B)automatic processing
C)the 15% rule
D)relative speed