Deck 6: Infection Prevention and Control

Question 1

The nurse is providing infection control teaching to a patient.Additional patient teaching is warranted by which patient statement?

A)"It is important that I get my whooping cough vaccination as directed by my health care provider."
B)"Getting plenty of sleep each night will help my immune system."
C)"I should wash my hands before preparing my food."
D)"It is important that I take my antibiotic until I feel infection free."

Answer 1

"It is important that I take my antibiotic until I feel infection free."

Question 2

The frustrated patient with a fungal infection complains,"Why is the infection taking so long to heal?" The nurse's most informative response would be that:

A)fungal infections are essentially incurable.
B)fungi form spores, which make them difficult to kill.
C)fungi can be considered natural flora and are protected by the body.
D)fungi can alter the patient's DNA and RNA.

Answer 2

fungi form spores, which make them difficult to kill.

Question 3

When the patient complains of the unsightly swelling of her lip at the site of an infection,the nurse explains that the swelling is part of the inflammatory response and acts as a(n):

A)store for blood.
B)compression wall.
C)antibody reservoir.
D)producer of leukocytes.

Answer 3

compression wall.

Question 4

The nurse caring for a patient with general sepsis should notify the charge nurse immediately of the patient's:

A)increased lethargy.
B)coughing.
C)elevated blood pressure.
D)cloudy urine.

Question 5

The nurse is providing infection control teaching to a group of patients.The patient statement that best demonstrates understanding of the teaching provided is:

A)"I should take an antibiotic at the first sign of an infection."
B)"Hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways I can prevent the spread of infection."
C)"Vaccinations only prevent a disease from becoming severe."
D)"If I eat a nutritious diet, it will be difficult for me to get an infection."

Question 6

The nurse will use Expanded Precautions when performing care for a patient with:

A)active tuberculosis (TB).
B)bacterial pneumonia.
C)a urinary tract infection caused by E. coli.
D)a fungal infection of the groin and axilla.

Question 7

The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate how the antibody _____ attaches to the antigen to clear the pathogen from the body.

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgG
D)IgM

Question 8

When the patient complains,"If this viral infection I have right now can't be helped by antibiotics,why am I taking this expensive acyclovir?" The nurse's best response is,"Acyclovir is:

A)an antiviral drug that kills viruses."
B)given to many patients with viral infections."
C)an antiviral drug that prevents your infection from becoming worse."
D)given to help strengthen your immune system."

Question 9

The nurse explains that exposure to a pathogen stimulates the macrophages to migrate to the area of infection to ingest and destroy the pathogen.This is the process of:

A)pathogen neutralization.
B)immune response.
C)antibody action.
D)phagocytosis.

Question 10

The clinic nurse offers suggestions to a patient who is planning a trip to Mexico that will help prevent a protozoan infection.The most helpful suggestion is:

A)"We will ask the doctor for a prophylactic prescription for an antiviral drug."
B)"Broad-spectrum antibiotics will be most helpful if you contract a protozoan infection."
C)"Be sure to practice good hand hygiene while on your vacation."
D)"It would be best if you drank bottled water while on your trip."

Question 11

The home health nurse is providing dietary recommendations to keep the immune system healthy.The patient demonstrates understanding by increasing which in the diet?

A)Proteins
B)Fluids
C)Carbohydrates
D)Unsaturated fats

Question 12

While assessing an obese resident in a long-term care facility,the nurse finds a red,moist rash under the patient's breasts,in the axilla,and in the inguinal fold.Based on this assessment,the nurse reports to the charge nurse that the resident probably has:

A)a fungal infection.
B)a bacterial infection.
C)an allergic reaction.
D)contact dermatitis.

Question 13

The nurse explains to the patient who is using Prilosec (a proton pump inhibitor)that the drug has reduced the amount of the natural protector _____ in the stomach lining.

A)lactic acid
B)lysozyme
C)cilia
D)fatty acids

Question 14

The nurse is caring for several patients and determines which patient to be at the most risk for developing an infection related to a decreased anti-inflammatory response?

A)A patient who has been experiencing high levels of stress for the last 3 months
B)A patient whose glycosylated Hgb level is 6.7%
C)A patient recently diagnosed with osteoarthritis
D)A patient scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 2 weeks related to gallstones

Question 15

The nurse points out that covering the mouth and nose with a tissue for a sneeze will reduce the probability of infection being spread by the _____ route.

A)droplet
B)airborne
C)direct contact
D)indirect contact

Question 16

The nurse explains that a vaccination provides defense against infection via:

A)innate immunity.
B)the inflammatory response.
C)antibody-mediated immunity.
D)cell-mediated immunity.

Question 17

The nurse caring for a patient with C.difficile should:

A)use only alcohol-based hand cleanser.
B)wear a mask.
C)use eye protection.
D)notify housekeeping to use appropriate cleaning agents.

Question 18

The nurse discusses and demonstrates proper hand hygiene to an immunocompromised patient and his wife.The nurse determines additional teaching is necessary when the patient states:

A)"It is okay for my wife to wear artificial nails as long as she performs good handwashing."
B)"I should wash my hands before I eat."
C)"Hand gels work as well as handwashing under most circumstances."
D)"I should use friction and wash my hands for about 20 seconds if I am using soap and water."

Question 19

The home health nurse advises the patient to treat a fever of 100° F with:

A)aspirin.
B)Tylenol.
C)cool baths.
D)nothing at all.

Question 20

The home health nurse makes a referral to _____ to supply a home-bound older adult with a daily meal.

A)a community food bank
B)the Salvation Army
C)an agency supplying food stamps
D)Meals on Wheels

Question 21

The nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly admitted patient.Which information will alert the nurse to an increased risk for this patient developing an infection? (Select all that apply.)

A)The patient reports having unprotected heterosexual sex in three previous relationships.
B)The patient is employed as a biochemist in a hospital.
C)The patient's income is considered middle-class level.
D)The patient reports getting 4 to 5 hours of sleep per night.
E)The patient is 21% over the suggested normal weight.

Question 22

The nurse who suffers an accidental needle stick following administration of an intramuscular injection to a patient anticipates that facility protocol will suggest immediate treatment with which type of immunotherapy?

A)IgM
B)IgD
C)Ig A
D)IgG

Question 23

The bacteria that are rod-shaped are classified as _________.

Question 24

The nurse instructs the nursing assistant in a long-term care facility regarding infection control measures.Which actions by the nursing assistant demonstrate understanding? (Select all that apply.)

A)Assisting residents with hand hygiene prior to meals
B)Cleaning incontinent residents as soon as possible
C)Ensuring residents who require assistance with feeding take prescribed antibiotics during meals
D)Inspecting residents' skin for open areas during bathing
E)Assisting residents with hand hygiene after participating in group activities

Question 25

The nurse uses a picture to show the areas of the body that are protected by normal flora.These areas include the: (Select all that apply.)

A)skin.
B)bladder.
C)lower GI tract.
D)nose and throat.
E)eye.

Question 26

Following discharge teaching,the nurse determines that the patient requires additional teaching regarding antibiotic treatment when the patient states:

A)"It is important that I stop taking my medication when I feel completely better."
B)"I should try to take my medication as evenly spaced apart as possible."
C)"If I start feeling worse, I should call my health care provider."
D)"I should not share my medication with anyone."

Question 27

The nurse explains that an infection occurring in the body represents an interrelationship between the __________,__________,and __________.

Question 28

The nurse explains that the four lines of defense the body employs to combat infection are __________,__________,__________,and __________.