Deck 12: The Correlational Research Strategy
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Question
Unlock Deck
Sign up to unlock the cards in this deck!
Unlock Deck
Unlock Deck
1/67
Play
Full screen (f)
Deck 12: The Correlational Research Strategy
1
In a scatter plot, each ____.
A) individual is represented by a single point
B) group mean is represented by a single point
C) individual is represented by two data points
D) group mean is represented by two data points
A) individual is represented by a single point
B) group mean is represented by a single point
C) individual is represented by two data points
D) group mean is represented by two data points
A
2
A researcher determines the amount of sleep for each child by interviewing the children's parents. Then the researcher watches the children in the classroom to obtain measurements of their level of attention. The researcher hopes to demonstrate that amount of sleep is related to attention level. This researcher is using a ____ research strategy.
A) descriptive
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) scientific
A) descriptive
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) scientific
B
3
The goal of the correlational research strategy is to ____.
A) describe mean differences between groups
B) describe mean differences over time
C) examine and describe the relationship between variables
D) describe an individual nonhuman subject in great detail
A) describe mean differences between groups
B) describe mean differences over time
C) examine and describe the relationship between variables
D) describe an individual nonhuman subject in great detail
C
4
A defining characteristic of the correlational study is that the ____.
A) research is conducted in field settings rather than in a laboratory
B) intent is simply to describe behaviors
C) intent is to demonstrate the relationship between variables
D) research uses virtual reality rather than "real life"
A) research is conducted in field settings rather than in a laboratory
B) intent is simply to describe behaviors
C) intent is to demonstrate the relationship between variables
D) research uses virtual reality rather than "real life"
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
5
Which example illustrates a positive correlation?
A) Salary level increases as educational level decreases.
B) Salary level decreases as educational level decreases.
C) Educational level decreases as salary level increases.
D) Educational level stays the same as salary level increases.
A) Salary level increases as educational level decreases.
B) Salary level decreases as educational level decreases.
C) Educational level decreases as salary level increases.
D) Educational level stays the same as salary level increases.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
6
Which pair of variables should produce a negative relationship?
A) Square footage of a house and price of a house
B) Number of years of schooling and annual income
C) Age of child and verbal skill level
D) Speed of running and time to complete a race
A) Square footage of a house and price of a house
B) Number of years of schooling and annual income
C) Age of child and verbal skill level
D) Speed of running and time to complete a race
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
7
A college professor reports that students who finish exams early tend to get better grades than students who hold on to exams until the last possible moment. The correlation between exam score and amount of time spent on the exam is an example of a ____.
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
In a correlational study, commonly, ____.
A) one variable is measured
B) two variables are measured
C) one individual is described in great detail
D) one individual is treated
A) one variable is measured
B) two variables are measured
C) one individual is described in great detail
D) one individual is treated
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
9
A researcher reports that there is no consistent relationship between grade point average and the number of hours spent studying for college students. The correlation between grade point average and the number of hours studying is an example of a ____.
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
10
A researcher would like to examine the relationship between self-esteem and academic performance for high-school students. This researcher could use a correlational study or a(n) ____.
A) differential study comparing academic performance scores for a group of high self-esteem students and a group of low self-esteem students
B) experimental study comparing academic performance scores for a group of high self-esteem students and a group of low self-esteem students
C) descriptive study examining self-esteem for a group of students who are in the top 25% of their high school class
D) case study of a student with extremely low self-esteem but outstanding academic performance
A) differential study comparing academic performance scores for a group of high self-esteem students and a group of low self-esteem students
B) experimental study comparing academic performance scores for a group of high self-esteem students and a group of low self-esteem students
C) descriptive study examining self-esteem for a group of students who are in the top 25% of their high school class
D) case study of a student with extremely low self-esteem but outstanding academic performance
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
11
A Pearson correlation of r = −0.25 indicates that a graph of the data would show points ____.
A) clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right
B) clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right
C) widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right
D) widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right
A) clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right
B) clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right
C) widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right
D) widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
12
The direction of a relationship between variables is indicated by the ____.
A) sign of the correlation
B) numerical value of the correlation
C) type of correlation (Pearson or Spearman)
D) statistical significance of the correlation
A) sign of the correlation
B) numerical value of the correlation
C) type of correlation (Pearson or Spearman)
D) statistical significance of the correlation
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
13
Which statement correctly identifies a similarity between a correlational study and the differential research design?
A) Both demonstrate differences among groups between groups.
B) Both use one of the two variables to create groups of participants.
C) Both involve two groups with one score for each participant.
D) Both demonstrate the existence of a relationship between two variables.
A) Both demonstrate differences among groups between groups.
B) Both use one of the two variables to create groups of participants.
C) Both involve two groups with one score for each participant.
D) Both demonstrate the existence of a relationship between two variables.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
14
The results from a research study indicate that adolescents who watch more sexual content on television also tend to engage in more sexual behavior that their peers. The correlation between amount of TV sexual content and amount of sexual behavior is an example of a ____.
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) correlation near zero
D) correlation near one
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
15
What is most characteristic of a correlational study?
A) Manipulation of an independent variable
B) Control of variables
C) Separation of participants into groups based on a specific individual characteristic
D) A focus on evaluating whether a relationship exists between variables
A) Manipulation of an independent variable
B) Control of variables
C) Separation of participants into groups based on a specific individual characteristic
D) A focus on evaluating whether a relationship exists between variables
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
16
If both variables in a correlational study are non-numerical, the data can be organized in a matrix and then analyzed using a _____.
A) t test
B) mixed design analysis of variance
C) single-factor analysis of variance
D) chi-square hypothesis test
A) t test
B) mixed design analysis of variance
C) single-factor analysis of variance
D) chi-square hypothesis test
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
17
A monotonic relationship is _____.
A) consistently positive
B) consistently negative
C) consistently unidirectional
D) consistently significant
A) consistently positive
B) consistently negative
C) consistently unidirectional
D) consistently significant
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
18
A positive value for a correlation indicates ____.
A) increases in X tend to be accompanied by increases in Y
B) increases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y
C) a much stronger relationship than if the correlation were negative
D) a much weaker relationship than if the correlation were negative
A) increases in X tend to be accompanied by increases in Y
B) increases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y
C) a much stronger relationship than if the correlation were negative
D) a much weaker relationship than if the correlation were negative
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
19
In correlational studies, the consistency of a relationship is typically measured and described by the numerical value obtained for a ____.
A) mean
B) t -test
C) correlational coefficient
D) standard deviation
A) mean
B) t -test
C) correlational coefficient
D) standard deviation
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
20
A researcher watches children on a playground to obtain measurements of their level of activity. Then the researcher watches the children's caregivers on the playground to obtain measurements of their level of verbal reprimanding of children. The researcher hopes to demonstrate that the caregivers verbal reprimanding is related to children's activity level. This researcher is using a ____ research strategy.
A) descriptive
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) scientific
A) descriptive
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) scientific
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
21
The Pearson correlation is used when both scores are _____.
A) nominal variables
B) non-numerical scores
C) from interval or ratio scales
D) from the ordinal scale
A) nominal variables
B) non-numerical scores
C) from interval or ratio scales
D) from the ordinal scale
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
22
A researcher conducts a survey examining eating and sleeping behavior as well as academic performance for a group of elementary school children. The results of the survey indicate that the children who eat a more nutritious breakfast tend to have better grades than the children who have a breakfast low in nutrition. However, the research suspects that the children's parents may be responsible for this relationship. Specifically, the better-educated parents probably encourage their children to eat better food and work harder in school compared to parents with less education. If the researcher is correct, this is an example of the ____.
A) third-variable problem
B) directionality problem
C) reversal problem
D) criterion problem
A) third-variable problem
B) directionality problem
C) reversal problem
D) criterion problem
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
23
A Pearson correlation of r = +0.9 indicates that a graph of the data would show points ____.
A) clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right
B) clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right
C) widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right
D) widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right
A) clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right
B) clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right
C) widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right
D) widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
24
Which correlation is appropriate for measuring the relationship between gender (male/female) and performance on a task (success/failure)?
A) The Pearson correlation
B) The Spearman correlation
C) The point-biserial correlation
D) The phi-coefficient
A) The Pearson correlation
B) The Spearman correlation
C) The point-biserial correlation
D) The phi-coefficient
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
25
The results from a correlational study show a positive relationship between aggressive behavior for six-year-old children and the amount of violence they watch on television. Based on this relationship, which of the following conclusions is justified?
A) Decreasing the amount of violence that the children see on TV will reduce their aggressive behavior.
B) Increasing the amount of violence that the children see on TV will increase their aggressive behavior.
C) Children who watch more TV violence tend to exhibit more aggressive behavior.
D) Children who are prone to being aggressive have a preference for violent TV programs.
A) Decreasing the amount of violence that the children see on TV will reduce their aggressive behavior.
B) Increasing the amount of violence that the children see on TV will increase their aggressive behavior.
C) Children who watch more TV violence tend to exhibit more aggressive behavior.
D) Children who are prone to being aggressive have a preference for violent TV programs.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
26
For a correlational study in which participants are scored as "high," "medium," and "low" on both variables, which correlation is designed to measure the consistency of the relationship?
A) A partial correlation
B) A Spearman correlation
C) A point-biserial correlation
D) A phi-coefficient
A) A partial correlation
B) A Spearman correlation
C) A point-biserial correlation
D) A phi-coefficient
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
27
If one score in a correlational study is numerical and the other is non-numerical, the non-numerical variable can be used to organize the scores into separate groups which can then be compared with a _____.
A) t test
B) mixed design analysis of variance
C) single-factor analysis of variance
D) chi-square hypothesis test
A) t test
B) mixed design analysis of variance
C) single-factor analysis of variance
D) chi-square hypothesis test
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
28
Which set of correlations correctly shows the highest to lowest degree of relationship?
A) −0.91, +0.83, +0.10, −0.03
B) −0.91, +0.83, −0.03, −0.10
C) +0.83, +0.10, −0.91, 0.03
D) +0.83, +0.10, −0.03, −0.91
A) −0.91, +0.83, +0.10, −0.03
B) −0.91, +0.83, −0.03, −0.10
C) +0.83, +0.10, −0.91, 0.03
D) +0.83, +0.10, −0.03, −0.91
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
29
When a person applies to rent a house, he/she sometimes is required to consent to a credit check along with his/her application. Landlords know that there is a relationship between credit score and likelihood of paying rent on time. In this situation, paying rent on time is best characterized as the ____ variable.
A) predictor
B) criterion
C) dependent
D) independent
A) predictor
B) criterion
C) dependent
D) independent
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
30
A scatter plot shows a set of data points that are clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right. Which value would be closest to the correlation for these data?
A) 0.80
B) 0.40
C) −0.40
D) −0.80
A) 0.80
B) 0.40
C) −0.40
D) −0.80
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
31
What is indicated by a negative correlation between grade point average and the number of hours spent studying for a sample of college students?
A) As the number of hours increases, grade point average also increases.
B) As the number of hours increases, grade point average decreases.
C) As the number of hours decreases, grade point average also decreases.
D) A negative correlation indicates that there is no consistent relationship.
A) As the number of hours increases, grade point average also increases.
B) As the number of hours increases, grade point average decreases.
C) As the number of hours decreases, grade point average also decreases.
D) A negative correlation indicates that there is no consistent relationship.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
32
A statistically significant correlation means that ____.
A) the correlation is large
B) the correlation is small
C) the variables are unlikely to be related
D) there is a real relationship between the variables
A) the correlation is large
B) the correlation is small
C) the variables are unlikely to be related
D) there is a real relationship between the variables
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
33
Dr. Jones hopes to demonstrate that children who eat a more nutritious breakfast also tend to have more academic success than their peers. If this result is obtained, then ____ would be the predictor variable and ____ would be the criterion variable for the study.
A) the nutrition in the breakfast; the level of success
B) the level of success; the nutrition in the breakfast
C) those who eat a high nutrition breakfast; those who eat a low nutrition breakfast
D) the children; the level of success
A) the nutrition in the breakfast; the level of success
B) the level of success; the nutrition in the breakfast
C) those who eat a high nutrition breakfast; those who eat a low nutrition breakfast
D) the children; the level of success
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
34
A researcher reports a positive relationship between sugar consumption and activity level for a group of eight-year-old children. However, the researcher cannot be sure whether the extra sugar is causing the children to be more active or whether the extra activity is causing the children to eat more sugar. This is an example of the ____.
A) third-variable problem
B) directionality problem
C) reversal problem
D) criterion problem
A) third-variable problem
B) directionality problem
C) reversal problem
D) criterion problem
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
35
Regression is the statistical process for _____.
A) determining the direction of a relationship
B) determining the strength of a relationship
C) using one variable to predict another
D) measuring statistical significance
A) determining the direction of a relationship
B) determining the strength of a relationship
C) using one variable to predict another
D) measuring statistical significance
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
36
The coefficient of determination is ____.
A) computed by taking the square root of the correlation coefficient
B) computed by squaring the correlation coefficient
C) identical to the correlation coefficient
D) independent of the value of the correlation coefficient
A) computed by taking the square root of the correlation coefficient
B) computed by squaring the correlation coefficient
C) identical to the correlation coefficient
D) independent of the value of the correlation coefficient
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
37
To establish the concurrent validity of a measure, of academic motivation a researcher examines the ____.
A) relationship between the scores from two administrations of the measure
B) relationship between the measure and another well-established measure
C) mean difference between the scores from two administrations of the measure
D) mean difference between the measure and another measure.
A) relationship between the scores from two administrations of the measure
B) relationship between the measure and another well-established measure
C) mean difference between the scores from two administrations of the measure
D) mean difference between the measure and another measure.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
38
To establish the test-retest reliability of a measure of academic motivation, a researcher examines the ____.
A) relationship between the scores from two administrations of the measure
B) relationship between the measure and another measure
C) mean difference between the scores from two administrations of the measure
D) mean difference between the measure and another measure
A) relationship between the scores from two administrations of the measure
B) relationship between the measure and another measure
C) mean difference between the scores from two administrations of the measure
D) mean difference between the measure and another measure
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
39
The correlational research strategy is often used to establish the ________ of a measurement by demonstrating that the scores from the study's test are strongly related to the scores from established tests.
A) external validity
B) inter-rater reliability
C) concurrent validity
D) test-retest reliability
A) external validity
B) inter-rater reliability
C) concurrent validity
D) test-retest reliability
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
40
The Spearman correlation is used when both scores are _____.
A) for nominal variables
B) non-numerical scores
C) from interval or ratio scales
D) from the ordinal scale
A) for nominal variables
B) non-numerical scores
C) from interval or ratio scales
D) from the ordinal scale
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
41
A statistically significant correlation means that the correlation is large and strong.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
42
Because there is a strong positive correlation between depression and risk of divorce, we can conclude that depression causes divorce.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
43
With a very small sample, it is possible to have what appears to be a strong correlation when in fact there is no relationship between variables.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
44
A researcher obtained a correlation of r = +0.62 between the amount of time spent watching television and level of blood cholesterol. This means that there is a general tendency for people who watch more television also to have higher blood cholesterol.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
45
For a positive correlation, decreases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
46
A Pearson correlation of r = −1.00 means that all the data points fit perfectly on a straight line.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
47
Suppose there is a correlation of +0.87 between the length of time a person is in prison and the amount of aggression the person displays on a psychological inventory. This means that spending a longer amount of time in prison causes people to become more aggressive.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
48
Both correlational studies and differential research examine the relationship between two variables.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
49
A correlation of r = −0.90 means that there is essentially no consistent relationship between X and Y.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
50
With a very large sample, even a very small correlation can be statistically significant.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
51
If decreases in the X variable are accompanied by decreases in the Y variable, then the correlation between X and Y is negative.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
52
A researcher knows that there is a relationship between obesity and watching television for young children. However, it is not known whether children watch more TV because they are overweight, or whether they are overweight because they watch so much TV. This is an example of the directionality problem.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
53
The electric company uses the correlation between summer temperatures and energy consumption to anticipate energy demands. In this example, temperature is the criterion variable.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
54
The coefficient of determination is computed by taking the square root of the correlation coefficient .
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
55
Correlations are often used to help demonstrate the reliability and validity of measurement.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
56
Suppose it was observed that there is a correlation of r = −0.81 between a driver's age and the cost of the car insurance. This correlation would mean that, in general, older people pay more for car insurance.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
57
The Pearson correlation measures the degree to which the X and Y data points fit on a straight line.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
58
The goal of the correlational research strategy is to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
59
When the data for a correlational study consist of one or more scores that are not numerical values, the relationship between the variables cannot be evaluated.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
60
A researcher knows that there is a relationship between obesity and watching television for young children. However, it is not known whether children watch more TV because they are overweight, or whether they are overweight because they watch so much TV. This is an example of the third-variable problem.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
61
Describe the third-variable problem and the directionality problem in correlational research. Explain how these problems make it impossible to obtain an unambiguous cause-and-effect conclusion from a correlational study.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
62
Describe what is meant by a "positive relationship" or a "negative relationship" between two variables.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
63
Describe the differences between a correlational study and differential research.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
64
Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the correlational research strategy.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
65
Describe the use of a scatter plot in graphing data from a correlational study and what advantage it offers.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
66
Describe how relationships between variables can be determined if one or more of the scores is non-numerical.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
67
Explain how the purpose of the correlational research strategy differs from the experimental research strategy.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 67 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck