Deck 5: Diversity in the Classroom Students With Low Incidence Disabilities

Question 1

When an individual has muscular dystrophy only their muscles are deteriorating, not their mind. ​

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Ineffective or poor parenting has been proven to be a contributing factor in the cause of autism spectrum disorders. ​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Low incidence disabilities account for approximately 22%, or one out of every five students who receives special education services. ​

Answer 3

False

Question 4

IDEA defines visual impairments, including blindness, as impairments in vision that, even with correction, have a negative effect upon a student's educational performance. ​

Question 5

Hearing loss is classified by all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)conductive.
B)sensorineural. ​
C)mild to profound. ​
D)degree of auditory blockage. ​

Question 6

Individuals are typically classified as deaf if their hearing loss exceeds: ​

A)45 dB.
B)70 dB. ​
C)30 dB. ​
D)60 dB. ​

Question 7

Teachers need to know the etiology of a learner's vision difficulty in order to determine the functional results of the impairment and to appropriately adapt the classroom setting. ​

Question 8

Students who have physical disabilities, health disabilities, or traumatic brain injury comprise one of the most homogeneous categories of students in special education because of the intensity and similarity of needs among students included in this category. ​

Question 9

According to IDEA's definition of deafness, there is nothing to prevent individuals who are deaf from understanding speech.

Question 10

Children born with the HIV virus may also have developmental delays, and although medication can slow the effects on the immune system, the disease is considered terminal in most cases.

Question 11

A sensorineural hearing loss: ​

A)caused by disorders of the inner ear or the auditory nerve.
B)involves problems with the outer or middle ear.
C)results when sounds are not transmitted normally.
D)is caused by a blockage or barrier to the transmission of sound.

Question 12

A conductive hearing loss is:

A)the result of a problem with the auditory nerve that transmits impulses to the brain.
B)caused by disorders of the cochlea. ​
C)caused by a blockage or barrier to the transmission of sound. ​
D)usually both a loss of hearing sensitivity as well as distortion and lack of clarity in sounds. ​

Question 13

A hearing impairment affects all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)speech and language.
B)academic performance. ​
C)attainment of appropriate social skills. ​
D)fine motor skills. ​

Question 14

Many individuals who are deaf and/or hearing impaired may have a strong preference for socializing with other members of the deaf community because: ​

A)they are rarely allowed in inclusive classrooms.
B)low achieving students tend to hang out together. ​
C)they often encounter difficulties in developing friendships and other social interactions. ​
D)everyone makes fun of them. ​

Question 15

Vision loss often results in lower intellectual ability because of the limited opportunity to acquire information visually. ​

Question 16

Students with hearing impairments typically experience challenges in academic achievement:

A)because deafness limits cognitive abilities.
B)because they tend to have lower IQs on average than their hearing peers.
C)and perform three to five years below their age-appropriate grade level.
D)particularly in the area of reading.

Question 17

In over half of the cases of hearing loss in children, the cause is: ​

A)unknown.
B)due to genetic or hereditary factors. ​
C)due to infections.
D)due to otitis media.

Question 18

The risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders is four times higher for males than for females. ​

Question 19

The _________________of a particular sound is a measure of the rate at which the sound source vibrates and is measured in hertz. ​

A)decibel level
B)force
C)distortion
D)frequency

Question 20

The majority of the Deaf community: ​

A)eagerly await a cure so that they will be able to hear.
B)regard the term hearing impaired as offensive because it implies that something is wrong or in need of repair.
C)regard the term deaf as offensive, because they view themselves as a part of mainstream American culture.
D)regard IDEA's definition of deafness as an accurate reflection of the deaf community's values.

Question 21

Students receiving special education services because of a visual impairment in the 2011-2012 school year represented ______ percent of all pupils with disabilities. ​

A)0.2
B)0.3
C)0.4 ​
D)0.8 ​

Question 22

Visual impairments can be the result of all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)defects of the ocular muscle.
B)refractive errors. ​
C)rubella. ​
D)retinitis pigmentosa.

Question 23

Students are considered functionally blind:

A)whenever Braille is used as the preferred literacy channel.
B)when the primary channel of learning is through visual means with the use of prescription and nonprescription devices.
C)when they are completely without sight.
D)when they use limited vision to obtain information about the environment, but their primary channel of learning is through tactile or auditory means.

Question 24

While it is difficult to make generalizations about individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), all of the following are defining characteristics typical of students with ASD, EXCEPT: ​

A)above average IQ.
B)impaired social interaction. ​
C)impaired social skills. ​
D)repetitive and restrictive behaviors. ​

Question 25

All of the following statements regarding vision loss are true, EXCEPT:

A)vision loss often has an adverse impact on the acquisition of social skills.
B)stereotypic behaviors can attract negative attention.
C)mobility skills vary a great deal among persons with visual impairments.
D)orientation and mobility services are currently not included in the IDEA definition of related services.

Question 26

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)can be transmitted in all of the following ways, EXCEPT:

A)drinking from the same cup.
B)having sex with an infected partner. ​
C)sharing contaminated needles during drug use. ​
D)passing on the infection from mother to infant. ​

Question 27

Orientation means all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)knowing where you are going.
B)understanding how to get to an intended destination.
C)being aware of where you are.
D)being physically able to move from place to place.

Question 28

Which of the following would qualify as an infectious disease under IDEA's other health category? ​

A)Diabetes
B)Tuberculosis ​
C)Rheumatoid arthritis ​
D)Cancer ​

Question 29

Students with physical disabilities may qualify for special education services under which three possible categories? ​

A)Orthopedic impairments, autism, multiple disabilities
B)Orthopedic impairments, traumatic brain injury, visual impairments
C)Orthopedic impairments, multiple disabilities, traumatic brain injury
D)Orthopedic impairments, multiple disabilities, visual impairments

Question 30

Individuals with Asperger's syndrome differ from those with autism on the basis of their: ​

A)socialization deficits.
B)physical appearance. ​
C)language skills and cognitive abilities. ​
D)repetitive and restrictive behaviors. ​

Question 31

The intellectual abilities of children and adolescents with visual impairments are, in most instances: ​

A)above average.
B)similar to those of their sighted peers. ​
C)directly related to the degree of visual impairment. ​
D)considerably below those of their sighted peers. ​

Question 32

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD):

A)has remained constant for the past decade in terms of numbers identified.
B)has a complex etiology involving neurological, genetic, and environmental factors.
C)accounts for 7.30 percent of all students with disabilities.
D)has been proven to be caused by vaccinations.

Question 33

Researchers have identified all of the following as possible causes of Autism Spectrum Disorders, EXCEPT:

A)abnormalities in brain development.
B)ineffective parenting. ​
C)genetic factors. ​
D)neurochemical functioning. ​

Question 34

Most head injuries: ​

A)are mild, but may create challenges that impact learning such as distractibility, and memory problems.
B)result in neurological abnormalities. ​
C)are mild, but typically require hospital stays and rehabilitation services.
D)result in disabilities that permanently affect motor and higher-level cognitive skill.

Question 35

___________ cerebral palsy is characterized by poor balance and equilibrium, as well as uncoordinated involuntary movements.

A)Spastic
B)Athetoid ​
C)Ataxic ​
D)Hemiplegic ​

Question 36

A student whose visual impairment interferes with their ability to perform daily activities and whose main channel of learning is through visual means with the use of assistive devices is considered: ​

A)blind.
B)to have low vision.
C)functionally blind.
D)legally blind.

Question 37

A loss of vision or visual impairment can have a negative impact on all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)acquisition of social skills.
B)development of speech. ​
C)self-esteem.
D)academic achievement.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a misconception about persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? ​

A)They have special mathematical abilities that allow them to do things like memorize all the numbers in a phone book.
B)If someone can break though a person's autistic isolation, they will find a genius inside.
C)Self-injurious and aggressive behaviors are characteristic of individuals with autism.
D)Even the most severely impaired individuals with ASD are often able to demonstrate and accept affection from the significant people in their lives.

Question 39

Individuals who are blind: ​

A)often have to depend on others for everything they need in their lives.
B)are often quite capable of leading independent and successful lives.
C)rarely encounter the stigma and stereotypical views associated with being blind by those without visual impairments.
D)in most cases require extensive accommodations in their everyday world.

Question 40

A convulsive seizure in which a person loses consciousness and becomes very stiff, followed by a jerking motion is called a(n): ​

A)absence seizure.
B)complex partial seizure. ​
C)tonic-clonic seizure. ​
D)total seizure. ​

Question 41

The learning and psychosocial characteristics of students who have had a traumatic brain injury (TBI)vary widely because of all the following factors, EXCEPT:

A)gender of the student.
B)age of the student. ​
C)severity and location of the injury. ​
D)the time elapsed since the injury.

Question 42

Describe the three defining characteristics typical of learners with ASD, and explain how these characteristics differ across the five related childhood disorders (autism, Rett's disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified)generally referred to as autism spectrum disorders . ​

Question 43

How does IDEA's definition of autism differ from the American Psychiatric Association's (APA)definition? ​

Question 44

Compare and contrast the learning and behavioral characteristics of students with visual impairments to those with hearing impairments. ​

Question 45

What commonalities do students with low incidence disabilities share and what major differences do the present? ​

Question 46

Which causes of hearing loss are preventable? ​

Question 47

Describe the three categories which are typically used to classify students with visual impairments. ​

Question 48

How might the various degrees of hearing loss impact a child in the psychosocial realm as well as in the area of academic achievement? ​

Question 49

In what ways can the type of disability, functional effects, and psychosocial and environmental factors impact the school performance of a student with a physical or health disability? ​

Question 50

Physical and health disabilities such as muscular dystrophy, sickle cell anemia, and cystic fibrosis are believed to be the result of: ​

A)congenital infections.
B)prematurity.
C)genetic defects.
D)complications from pregnancy.