Deck 48: Moral Development

Question 1

At what stage in his theory of moral development did Kohlberg introduce the notion of reciprocity?

A) Level II, Stage 4 - Punishment and obedience
B) Level II, Stage 3 - Law-and-order mentality
C) Level III, Stage 5 - Informed conscience
D) Level I, Stage 2 - Naive instrumental behaviorism

Answer 1

D

Question 2

__________ refers to the idea that a particular group, religion, or culture can believe something but cannot demand that everybody else agree with them.

A) Conventional moral standards
B) Moral development
C) Moral growth
D) Moral standards

Answer 2

A

Question 3

As children approach school age, they begin to understand the element of intent that differentiates dropping and breaking a dish "on purpose" versus "by accident" as a result of __________.

A) encountering the reality of having to follow rules that are not established by parental edict
B) a response mainly to cultural control to avoid punishment and attain satisfaction
C) moral growth reflected by growing cognitive maturity and the ability to determine right from wrong
D) moral development relating to autonomous thinking, clear decision making, and responsible action

Answer 3

C

Question 4

At what stage in the moral development model did Kohlberg believe an internal moral code needs to appear if true morality is to develop, whereby an individual makes moral decisions by way of his or her own "enlightened conscience," rather than appealing to other people for these decisions?

A) Level I, Preconventional (4-10 years)
B) Level II, Conventional (10-13 years)
C) Level III, Postconventional (13 years and older)
D) Kohlberg did not believe individuals reach this stage

Question 5

Kohlberg found that children begin to think about moral issues at about the age of _________.

A) 1 year
B) 4 years
C) 8 years
D) 10 years

Question 6

Young children (from birth to about 2 or 3 years of age) begin to learn about right and wrong from ______.

A) their siblings
B) their peers
C) older children
D) their parents

Question 7

School-aged children who are concrete thinkers _________.

A) cannot grasp the concept of rules
B) take on the role of moral philosophers about rules
C) tend to cling to absolute rules of right and wrong
D) appreciate the principle behind the rules

Question 8

Gilligan questioned the validity of Kohlberg's theory for women based on her belief that Kohlberg's theory stressed the moral qualities of masculinity and ignored those moral qualities associated with femininity.

Question 9

Moral development refers to the emergence in children of universal moral standards that lead to the condemnation of certain behaviors.

Question 10

Knowing the right answer to a moral dilemma ensures moral behavior.

Question 11

Lying, stealing, and cheating may indicate serious behavioral disturbances in children.