Deck 12: Health Communication and Literacy

Question 1

Which of the following can be described as social or environmental factors that influence health?

A) Social influencers of health
B) Social determinants of health
C) Social causes of health
D) Social sources of health

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is a social or cultural concept that reflects how men and women, boys and girls, are meant to look and behave?

A) Sex
B) Gender
C) Genomics
D) Transgender

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Believing that you will never get hurt even though you rock climb without safety gear is known as:

A) overestimation bias.
B) optimism bias.
C) unreal optimism.
D) positive risk perception.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is a combination of capacity and skills to access and use information to make decisions affecting health?

A) Health skills
B) Health understanding
C) Health literacy
D) Health knowledge

Question 5

The __________ was constructed by Boston University and has more than 100 tools for specific applications and allows users to access specific instruments by health literacy domain, health context, and more.

A) Health Literacy Library
B) Functional Health Literacy Tool
C) Health Literacy Database
D) Health Literacy Tool Shed

Question 6

Which of the following uses a matrix of icons to represent the at-risk population in the context of the rest of the unaffected population?

A) Risk matrix
B) Population array matrix
C) Icon array
D) Treatment option chart

Question 7

Which of the following is interactive communication with the expectation of timely give and take from all parties?

A) Interaction
B) Timely communication
C) Engagement
D) Persuasion

Question 8

__________ is grounded in health literacy, or the patient's ease of use of information about their condition and treatment options, and depends on the provider supporting their patient in thinking through their options.

A) Shared support
B) Provider support
C) Provider patient support
D) Shared decision making

Question 9

Sense of personal capability is also known as:

A) self-belief.
B) self-trust.
C) self-efficacy.
D) self-knowledge.

Question 10

Which of the following is also known as the stages of change model and indicates that individuals move through a specific linear process when deciding to change their behavior?

A) Transtheoretical model
B) Integrative model
C) Vicarious learning model
D) Social cognitive theory

Question 11

Which of the following is a strategy borrowed from commercial marketing to individualize messaging for different segments of the population?

A) Gatekeeping
B) Community segmentation
C) Individualized message segmentation
D) Audience segmentation

Question 12

_________________ means that we tend to interpret messages as confirming what we already believe.

A) Selective exposure
B) Confirmation bias
C) Selection bias
D) Interpretation bias

Question 13

In the ecological model, individualized interventions tend to be more sustainable over time than the development of new policies and interventions.

Question 14

Root cause analysis would be used to determine why infections were frequently occurring in a specific area of the hospital.

Question 15

Community-level forces of the ecological model may include factors such as the home environment, family-focused prevention programs, and educational policies.

Question 16

An example of the halo effect is assuming someone is intelligent because they wear glasses.

Question 17

Health communication only functions on the individual level.

Question 18

Quantitative literacy (QL) is the ability to interpret tables, forms, graphs, or other structured formats.

Question 19

The CDC's Clear Communication Index (CCI) is a tool used to evaluate readability of printed materials.

Question 20

The Educational Testing Service (ETS) defines and routinely measures different forms of literacy in the United States.

Question 21

Personalistic disease theory suggests that a person's health is closely connected to the environment.

Question 22

The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) assesses an individual's knowledge, skills, and perceived comfort in finding, evaluating, and applying electronic health information to health problems.

Question 23

The three basic action words in health communication are engage, inform, and persuade.

Question 24

The health belief model (HBM) was one of the first theories developed to explain individual health behaviors.

Question 25

Normative beliefs are expectancies about positive or negative outcomes related to performing a behavior.

Question 26

Role model stories are a form of entertainment education (EE).

Question 27

An example of a loss-framed appeal would be to state the mortality rate of those who smoke cigarettes.

Question 28

__________ explains why the birth ratio in China is currently 120 boys for every 100 girls.

Question 29

If a group of people speak German, eat similar foods, and are from the same region of Germany, they may be considered to have a(n) __________.

Question 30

Solutions can be developed on multiple levels using a(n) __________, which social scientists can use to identify issues and develop interventions.

Question 31

__________ is how people use messages to generate meanings within and across various contexts, cultures, channels, and media.

Question 32

__________ is used to manage talking points during public health emergencies and helps you make sure you are focusing on the most important information.

Question 33

The __________ has a toolkit for writing for audiences with basic and below-basic literacy levels.

Question 34

The __________ uses words per sentence and syllables per word to determine the "reading grade level" of text.

Question 35

__________ is the ability to read sentences and paragraphs.

Question 36

__________ suggests that innovations spread via different communication channels within social systems over a specific period.

Question 37

A(n) __________ is an approach or a tactic, as it is a planned process to achieve your overall communication goal of engagement, information, or persuasion.

Question 38

__________ is known as the design, implementation, and control of programs aimed at increasing the acceptability of a social idea, practice [or product] in one or more groups of target adopters.

Question 39

__________ means we like to obtain information from sources with which we agree.

Question 40

Discuss the three beliefs that are focused on by the integrative model (IM).

Question 41

Describe two of the barriers that immigrants may face in receiving the best health care.

Question 42

Match each factor to the percentage of premature deaths it represents.
-Health Care

A) 20%
B)10%
C)30%
D)40%

Question 43

Match each factor to the percentage of premature deaths it represents.
-Individual Behavior

A) 20%
B)10%
C)30%
D)40%

Question 44

Match each factor to the percentage of premature deaths it represents.
-Genetics and Health

A) 20%
B)10%
C)30%
D)40%

Question 45

Match each factor to the percentage of premature deaths it represents.
-Social and Environmental Factors

A) 20%
B)10%
C)30%
D)40%

Question 46

Match the definition to the correct term.
-Putting thoughts into words, symbols, or gestures.

A) Selective perception
B) Encoding
C) Projection
D)Decoding

Question 47

Match the definition to the correct term.
-Interpreting what we see based on our own interests.

A) Selective perception
B) Encoding
C) Projection
D)Decoding

Question 48

Match the definition to the correct term.
-Applying meaning to words, symbols, or gestures.

A) Selective perception
B) Encoding
C) Projection
D)Decoding

Question 49

Match the definition to the correct term.
-Attributing our own characteristics to others

A) Selective perception
B) Encoding
C) Projection
D)Decoding

Question 50

Match each type of literacy scale to its definition.
-The ability to interpret tables, forms, graphs, or other structured formats

A)Quantitative literacy
B)Document literacy
C)Prose literacy

Question 51

Match each type of literacy scale to its definition.
-The ability to read sentences and paragraphs

A)Quantitative literacy
B)Document literacy
C)Prose literacy

Question 52

Match each type of literacy scale to its definition.
-The ability to use information that requires a mathematical operation for interpretation

A)Quantitative literacy
B)Document literacy
C)Prose literacy

Question 53

Match each of the three steps in shared decision making (SDM) to its definition.
-Represents an initial phase of discovery of possible options

A)Decision Talk
B)Option Talk
C)Choice Talk

Question 54

Match each of the three steps in shared decision making (SDM) to its definition.
-The ability of a patient to articulate their decision

A)Decision Talk
B)Option Talk
C)Choice Talk

Question 55

Match each of the three steps in shared decision making (SDM) to its definition.
-Discussing treatment options in detail and weighing pros and cons

A)Decision Talk
B)Option Talk
C)Choice Talk

Question 56

People tend to underestimate their risk if the hazard is:

A) a previous exposure.
B) a rarity.
C) natural.
D) voluntary/chosen.

Question 57

Health literacy is created from:

A) our linguistic skills.
B) our gender.
C) our cultural beliefs and attitudes.
D) our income.

Question 58

Which two parties are involved in shared decision making (SDM)?

A) Patients
B) Families
C) Government
D) Healthcare providers

Question 59

Which of the following are examples of secondary data?

A) Data from local surveys
B) Data from focus groups
C) Data from health departments
D) Data from local hospitals

Question 60

Which of the following was developed using a social determinants of health approach and was organized around five key domains?

A) Healthy People 2020
B) Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA)
C) National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
D) Center for Social Determinants (CSD)

Question 61

Which of these is used by social scientists to identify the roots of problems and potential points of intervention?

A) Points of intervention
B) Root cause analysis
C) Ecological model
D) The people and places framework

Question 62

If you recently got a puppy, you will pay more attention to dog food and tick prevention treatment advertisements. This is known as the:

A) contrast effect.
B) halo effect.
C) elaboration likelihood model.
D) risk perception.

Question 63

Which of the following is a combination of capacity and skills to access and use information to make decisions affecting health?

A) Health knowledge
B) Health intuition
C) Health capacity
D) Health literacy

Question 64

Which of the following has built its reputation on matching nonprofits and government agencies with top communication companies to produce high-quality campaigns across multiple platforms?

A) Campaign Council
B) Media Council
C) Advertising Council
D) Production Council

Question 65

__________ is the social media used most often in health communication interventions.

A) Facebook
B) Text messaging
C) Instagram
D) Twitter

Question 66

Your primary audience for an intervention consists of:

A) the gatekeepers to your target audience.
B) the influencers who have earned the respect of your target audience.
C) the target audience for behavioral change.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 67

Testing out an intervention to ensure that processes are running smoothly prior to conducting the intervention on a larger scale is known as:

A) pre-testing.
B) pilot testing.
C) process testing.
D) primary testing.

Question 68

A(n) __________ can be defined as a picture of how your organization does its work-the theory and assumptions underlying the program.

A) picture model
B) theory model
C) output model
D) logic model

Question 69

__________ serves to exchange information and to reflect, establish, and maintain relationships between interactants in the communicative encounter.

A) Purposeful communication
B) Interactive communication
C) Exchange communication
D) Mindful communication

Question 70

An example of a closed-ended question would include:

A) What is your pain level today?
B) When did the pain start?
C) Can you describe your pain to me?
D) Where did the pain start?

Question 71

Which of the following is the most logical place to reach youth and provide knowledge, develop skills, and build positive lifetime health behaviors?

A) Neighborhoods
B) Schools
C) Healthcare settings
D) Public parks

Question 72

In __________, learners are exposed to a small dose of a situation in order to explore his or her capacity to manage it.

A) capacity management theory
B) social inoculation theory
C) youth risk management theory
D) social practice theory

Question 73

Which of the following is an integrated concept that characterizes quality of life with respect to an individual's health and work-related environmental, organizational, and psychosocial factors?

A) Health satisfaction
B) Well-being
C) Life quality
D) Workplace satisfaction

Question 74

Cognitive dissonance occurs when our affect, cognition, and behavior are in harmony.

Question 75

The Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Readability Tests uses words per sentence and syllables per word as part of a formula to determine the "reading grade level" of the text.

Question 76

The three basic action words in health communication are engage, inform, and persuade.

Question 77

Targeting is a convenient strategy borrowed from commercial marketing to individualize messaging for different segments of the population.

Question 78

mHealth, or mobile health, only uses texting to provide health services and information.

Question 79

Websites with more landing pages tend to generate more traffic.

Question 80

The evaluation plan says what aspects of the intervention will be monitored to determine the intervention's worth to stakeholders.