Deck 15: Sexual Assault, Harassment, and Partner Violence

Question 1

A 25-five-year-old man and a 14-year-old girl are involved in a sexual relationship. Both are willing participants. The man is committing

A) date rape.
B) stranger rape.
C) consensual rape.
D) statutory rape.
E) no crime.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A man who has been talking to a woman at a bar for a few hours grabs her breasts on the dance floor. When she tells him to stop and pushes him away, he grabs her buttocks and pulls her closer. The man is committing

A) date rape.
B) sexual assault.
C) acquaintance rape.
D) statutory rape.
E) no crime.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In what age range do women face the highest risk for being raped?

A) Between 10 and 25 years old
B) Between 25 and 35 years old
C) Between 35 and 45 years old
D) Between 45 and 55 years old
E) Over the age of 55

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Of women who have reported sexual assault, the greatest percent of them implicated a(n) _______ as the perpetrator.

A) current intimate partner
B) family member
C) authority figure
D) acquaintance
E) stranger

Question 5

Most rape prevention organizations encourage people who have been sexually assaulted to report the crime. This suggests that these organizations

A) are not concerned with how victims of sexual assault feel.
B) are unnecessary since most rape victims report the incident on their own.
C) hope to keep perpetrators from reoffending.
D) are out of touch with the impact of rape on survivors.
E) unfairly pressure rape victims to press charges against perpetrators.

Question 6

Based on factors that influence reporting decisions, which person is most likely to report their rape to the police?

A) A woman raped by her current spouse
B) A woman raped by her current boyfriend
C) A woman raped by her current girlfriend
D) A woman raped by a stranger
E) A woman raped by someone she met through her school's LGBT organization

Question 7

Two college students are on a first date. According to the "cold-to-hot empathy gap" theory, which scenario would put the woman at greatest risk for being raped by her date?

A) He is irritated with her for not splitting the bill for dinner.
B) She politely says goodnight after dinner and returns to her dorm alone.
C) They are both sexually aroused after twenty minutes of kissing and fondling.
D) They are joined by a friend of the young man, who then listens to music with them.
E) She decides mid-date that she doesn't like him and fakes a headache so she can leave.

Question 8

Which scenario is an example of the "cold-to-hot empathy gap"?

A) An intoxicated woman finds a male friend far more attractive than she does when she is sober.
B) A woman underestimates the positive personality traits of unattractive men and overestimates the positive traits of attractive men.
C) A man shows more empathy to an attractive friend he wants to date than to his less attractive friends.
D) Although a man considers pressured sex morally wrong, once aroused he persists in trying to persuade his date to have sex with him.
E) A man feels deeply connected to his girlfriend while they are having sex, but less connected when they are just hanging out together.

Question 9

Based on research exploring reasons for high rates of sexual assaults by fraternity members and college athletes, what type of prevention program is likely to be most helpful?

A) A program focused on encouraging other men to intervene to prevent assaults.
B) A program warning women that a majority of fraternity members and male college athletes commit sexual assaults.
C) A program designed to weed out high school sexual offenders before they join fraternities.
D) A program designed to increase empathy toward women and disprove rape myths.
E) A program emphasizing values tied to traditional masculinity.

Question 10

How have guidelines for handling sexual assault on campus changed from the Obama to the Trump administration? The Trump administration guidelines

A) do not allow colleges to punish students who have committed sexual assaults.
B) do not allow colleges to get involved in cases of sexual assault.
C) require both the accuser and accused to pay for a lawyer.
D) mandate that colleges use the highest possible standard of proof in sexual assault cases.
E) allow for the possibility of mediation and restorative justice.

Question 11

What type of drug is Rohypnol?

A) A stimulant
B) A tranquilizer
C) An antidepressant
D) A hallucinogen
E) A veterinary anesthetic

Question 12

At a fraternity party, a man doses an unfamiliar woman's drink with Rohypnol, keeps an eye on her for the next hour, and then rapes her once she is too impaired to resist. This is an example of both

A) sexual assault and date rape.
B) date rape and incapacitated rape
C) incapacitated rape and statutory rape.
D) date rape and facilitated rape.
E) acquaintance rape and date rape.

Question 13

Why is alcohol the number one "date rape drug"?

A) If alcohol is involved, rapists are not legally guilty of sexual assault.
B) Only intoxicated women can be victims of date rape.
C) Alcohol is readily available and commonly consumed in social settings.
D) Alcohol consumption promotes rape by increasing the inhibitions of the victim.
E) Women who drink are signaling their interest in engaging in sexual activity.

Question 14

A female college sophomore has reported a date rape to officials at her California university. The alleged perpetrator claims the sex was consensual. Which behavior by the young woman would be considered affirmative consent?

A) She said no, but only once.
B) She was silent during the sexual interaction.
C) She never tried to physically stop him.
D) She said nothing, but she smiled and touched his genitals.
E) She chose to go back to the man's dorm room.

Question 15

In general, what should a woman who has been raped do as soon as possible after the rape?

A) Call a lawyer
B) Take a shower
C) Douche to prevent STIs and pregnancy
D) Get medical attention
E) Meet with the police

Question 16

A woman in her late teens has just been raped by her brother's friend. The first thing she should do is

A) schedule an appointment with her gynecologist.
B) decide whether she wants to press charges.
C) shower and change clothes.
D) get in touch with an attorney who specializes in rape.
E) seek medical help at an emergency room or forensic clinic.

Question 17

Rape victims are at risk of developing flashbacks, anxiety, and concentration problems, all symptoms of

A) depression.
B) intimate partner violence.
C) post-traumatic stress disorder.
D) battered-woman syndrome.
E) learned helplessness.

Question 18

Which symptom is a common reaction to sexual assault?

A) Emotional numbness
B) Violent rages
C) Hallucinations
D) Delusional thoughts
E) Heightened sexual arousal

Question 19

A 32-year-old woman was raped as a young teenager and has lasting psychological symptoms. In therapy she recalls the rape in detail while using coping techniques to manage distress. What form of therapy is she getting?

A) Supportive
B) Holistic
C) Exposure
D) Advocacy
E) Aversion

Question 20

Which statement accurately describes recovery for rape victims?

A) Victims need to accept they will always have serious trauma symptoms.
B) If recovery occurs, it will happen within two months.
C) Recovery requires long-term therapy.
D) Recovery is impossible for most people.
E) Recovery takes time but most people will recover.

Question 21

Men who experience an erection while being sexually assaulted

A) subconsciously wanted to have sex.
B) are unable to have healthy relationships later in life.
C) often develop an irrational guilt about the encounter.
D) are likely under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of the assault.
E) will likely become future perpetrators of sexual assault.

Question 22

How do male victims of sexual assault differ from female victims?

A) Men are more likely than women to seek help after a sexual assault.
B) Men have no legal options because the legal system does not yet recognize that men can be victims of sexual assault.
C) Men are more likely than women to be victims of sexual assault, but rarely report assaults.
D) Men may be less likely to see rape crisis centers as a source of sympathy or support.
E) Most men cannot truly be sexually assaulted because they enjoy the sex act.

Question 23

Which group of people faces the highest rates of sexual assault?

A) Heterosexual men
B) Heterosexual women
C) Gay men
D) Lesbian women
E) Transgender women

Question 24

A woman is planning a date with a man she has never met in person. They initially connected online and have been emailing for a few months. What safety measure should she take to reduce her risk of sexual assault?

A) Insist that the date take place at her apartment rather than his.
B) Arrange to meet in a public place with other people around.
C) Insist the date occur during the day, before it gets dark.
D) Avoid sharing anything personal about herself during the date.
E) Suggest that he pick her up rather than driving herself to the date.

Question 25

What is the main purpose of rape shield laws?

A) Protecting men from being unjustly accused of rapes they did not commit.
B) Helping women who fear retribution for reporting a rape.
C) Keeping rape trials from being bogged down by irrelevant personal information.
D) Preventing the defense from suggesting the accuser was sexually promiscuous.
E) Clarifying that sexual assault is legally considered rape only when the victim is a virgin.

Question 26

What element is necessary for a conviction in a sexual assault trial?

A) Prosecutors must prove that the victim physically resisted.
B) Prosecutors must produce a third-party witness to the crime.
C) Prosecutors must make the case that unwanted sexual contact occurred.
D) Victims must prove that they have never willingly had sex with anyone.
E) Victims must prove that coitus occurred.

Question 27

Why should rape allegations be investigated carefully?

A) About half of all rape allegations are false.
B) False rape convictions are rare but can devastate the lives of the accused.
C) Rape victims are often encouraged to misrepresent the facts.
D) Most men convicted of rape are later proven innocent.
E) Most men convicted of rape serve life sentences.

Question 28

Which statement correctly describes sexual assault recidivism?

A) Most rapists released from prison will commit another sexual assault within a year.
B) Convicted rapists are more likely to re-offend than all other violent criminals.
C) Most people who have committed a date rape are serial rapists with many victims.
D) Repeat offenders appear to be responsible for a significant proportion of rapes.
E) Most rapists are convicted after their first offense.

Question 29

A woman who was drugged and raped at a college party is trying to decide whether to report it. Her primary motive for reporting would be protecting other women. Which of the following pieces of information is both accurate and relevant to her decision-making?

A) Most campus rapes are committed by serial perpetrators who are likely to reoffend.
B) Most campus rapes are committed by people who never commit another sexual crime.
C) Men who commit rape are unlikely to engage in other forms of interpersonal violence or criminal behavior.
D) Authorities are unlikely to believe her report, since over half of all rape reports are found to be false.
E) Repeat offense rates are much higher for rapists than for people committing other forms of crime.

Question 30

What did the English common law concept of a "marital exemption" for rape mean?

A) It was illegal for a man to force sex on his wife.
B) It was legal for a man to force sex on his wife.
C) A husband was legally responsible if his wife was raped by another man.
D) It was illegal for a woman to turn down sex with her husband.
E) A man could divorce his wife if she was raped by another man.

Question 31

A man with a history of committing several stranger rapes grew up in an abusive home, engaged in aggressive and delinquent behavior starting in late elementary school, and began having sex and using drugs in middle school. This life history fits with Malamuth's ________ pathway to sexual aggression.

A) hostile masculinity
B) antisocial/impersonal sex
C) sociopathic
D) sadistic
E) confluence

Question 32

A 21-year-old man has recently been convicted of acquaintance rape of a 20-year-old woman. What is most likely to be true of this man?

A) He comes from a middle-class family.
B) He has had several successful monogamous relationships.
C) He has an unusually high level of testosterone.
D) He has a low capacity for empathy.
E) He had a happy childhood and attentive parents.

Question 33

Research shows that some extremely violent rapists have

A) severe depression.
B) very high levels of testosterone.
C) testosterone deficiencies.
D) severe personality disorders.
E) major financial problems.

Question 34

Research shows that most rapes are committed by apparently typical men. Based on this finding, one can conclude that

A) all men are rapists.
B) most men have committed some form of sexual assault.
C) it is difficult to predict who will commit rape.
D) there are no factors that distinguish rapists from nonrapists.
E) all rapists have the ability to be good citizens.

Question 35

A teenage boy shows no remorse for having raped two classmates. However, he becomes very upset when he learns he will be charged as an adult for the crimes. This aligns with the research finding that rapists

A) have little capacity for empathy.
B) are generally introspective and sensitive.
C) find it difficult to express their emotions.
D) prefer to keep their feelings to themselves.
E) do not experience strong emotions.

Question 36

Which childhood experience is most likely to contribute to a culture of rape?

A) A boy is taught to separate sexual desire from respect and caring.
B) A girl is taught that sexual activity is one way to express love.
C) A boy is taught that men should be strong and fearless.
D) A girl is taught that nothing is wrong with her body.
E) A boy is taught that he may experience strong physical desires.

Question 37

Which statement correctly describes wartime rapes?

A) Wartime rapes are allowed under the terms of the Geneva Convention.
B) Wartime rapes are considered a tool of genocide.
C) Wartime rapes are historically rare.
D) Wartime rapes have not occurred since the time of Genghis Khan.
E) Wartime rapes are less traumatic than peacetime rapes.

Question 38

Which statement most accurately describes research on rape prevention?

A) No study has found benefits of treating sex offenders.
B) Treatment programs for convicted sex offenders may have a small benefit, but findings have been inconsistent.
C) Sexual violence prevention programs have no effect on teenagers.
D) The Safe Dates program reduces sexual offending but not victimization.
E) The Safe Dates program reduces sexual victimization but not offending.

Question 39

Which statement most accurately describes research on the Safe Dates program?

A) Programs targeting adolescents do not appear to reduce sexual victimization or offending.
B) Programs targeting adolescents reduce sexual victimization but not sexual offending.
C) Programs targeting adolescents reduce sexual offending but not sexual victimization.
D) Programs targeting adolescents appear to reduce both sexual offending and sexual victimization.
E) Programs targeting adolescents are far less effective than programs focused on prior sex offenders.

Question 40

A young mother is in a relationship with a man who routinely punches and slaps her. She has tried to leave the relationship but has returned each time because she cannot financially support her child on her own. At this point, she has given up on any attempts to escape the abuse. Her sense that nothing will change suggests she is suffering from

A) hidden aggression.
B) manic depression.
C) learned helplessness.
D) post-traumatic stress disorder.
E) suppressed anger.

Question 41

Why should a teen who receives abusive texts or emails from her boyfriend be concerned?

A) About one-third of cyber abusers are also physically abusive.
B) Cyber dating abuse almost always leads to physical abuse.
C) Cyber dating abuse is more likely than physical abuse to cause PTSD.
D) Most cyber abusers also cheat on their romantic partners.
E) Her boyfriend is showing signs of learned helplessness.

Question 42

A man brings his wife flowers and tells her he loves her very much and regrets losing his temper the night before. She cries and allows him to hug her and touch the bruise on her jaw. What phase of intimate partner violence does this scenario describe?

A) Tension-building
B) Learned helplessness
C) Violent
D) Post-traumatic
E) Reconciliation

Question 43

After a week of helping with dinner and buying his wife small gifts, a man has returned to his usual short-tempered and critical behavior. Last night, he scraped his meal into the trash because his steak was overcooked and stormed out to buy himself fast food. What phase of intimate partner violence does this scenario describe?

A) Tension-building
B) Learned helplessness
C) Violent
D) Post-traumatic
E) Reconciliation

Question 44

Which person is likely to have the easiest access to services for victims of intimate partner violence?

A) A man being abused by his girlfriend
B) A woman being abused by her husband
C) A man being abused by his boyfriend
D) A man being stalked by a woman he never dated
E) A woman being abused by her girlfriend

Question 45

Which statement correctly describes sexual harassment?

A) By definition, men cannot be sexually harassed by other men.
B) By definition, men cannot be sexually harassed by women.
C) Most sexual harassment is perpetrated by men against women.
D) Sexual harassment is only illegal if it involves physical contact.
E) Sexual harassment is only illegal if it causes the victim to get fired or lose out on promotions.

Question 46

Which scenario represents quid pro quo sexual harassment?

A) An instructor promises a student a passing grade in exchange for sex.
B) A professor makes a sexual joke in the classroom.
C) A teaching assistant often makes sexual jokes in the classroom.
D) A student offers to buy another student coffee in exchange for study help.
E) A professor compliments a student's clothing during class.

Question 47

Which scenario is an example of sexual harassment that creates a hostile environment?

A) A professor promises a student a passing grade in exchange for a sexual favor.
B) A professor makes a sexual joke while standing outside of the classroom.
C) A professor makes repeated sexual jokes over the course of several class periods.
D) A professor takes his teaching assistants out for lunch as an end-of-term thank you.
E) A professor compliments his teaching assistant's new haircut.

Question 48

Which situation is an example of third-party sexual harassment?

A) A candidate for a management job does not get hired because another candidate agreed to go on a date with the company owner, and therefore got the job.
B) A boss threatens to fire an assistant who rejects his flirtations.
C) Women on a swim team are uncomfortable in their bathing suits because their coach repeatedly compliments their bodies when they exit the pool.
D) A straight-A student gets a D in her English class after she refuses a date with her professor.
E) Many female customers in a department store choose not to try on clothing because the changing rooms have no doors.

Question 49

Which example of sexual harassment is most common in schools?

A) Teachers showing sexually explicit pictures to students
B) A student having sexual rumors spread about them by classmates
C) A female student being forced to kiss a male student
D) A student being made the target of sexual jokes and comments
E) A male student attempting to kiss a female student at a school dance

Question 50

Since her first day of work, Anita's supervisor has made sexualized comments about her appearance, caressed her shoulders and back, and implied that having sex with him would advance her career. Anita has told him directly that his behavior is harassment, but he has not stopped. What is a good next step if Anita is considering filing a complaint?

A) Ignore physical and verbal harassment so she doesn't look over-reactive.
B) Make sure no other employees have had similar experiences, since it only counts as harassment if he has singled her out.
C) Call the police to report his sexualized comments.
D) Ask him again to tone down his offensive behavior.
E) Keep a journal documenting each incident of harassment.

Question 51

A woman speaks up for herself at her job, does not let others take credit for work that she has done, and is not afraid to disagree about plans. One of her female coworkers is much less assertive, gets her work done efficiently, rarely speaks in meetings, and does not seek leadership roles. Which woman is more likely to be sexually harassed by men on the job?

A) The outspoken woman, because she would be viewed as more attractive
B) The outspoken woman, because she would be viewed as too independent
C) The more reserved woman, because would be viewed as more appealing
D) The more reserved woman, because she would be viewed as submissive
E) Neither woman, because both would be viewed as valuable colleagues

Question 52

Research shows that women who violate gender expectations tend to experience the most sexual harassment. These findings suggest that

A) women should stay in their expected roles.
B) sexual harassment against women is decreasing.
C) women are partially responsible in harassment cases.
D) some men are threatened by assertive and high-performing women.
E) most men sexually harass women because they are overwhelmed by intense physical attraction.

Question 53

A college student has been receiving countless daily texts and messages on social media from a female classmate who professes to love him. He tells her that he is not interested and blocks her on his social media accounts. She responds by creating fake profiles and reaching out to him again. This scenario describes

A) hostile environment sexual harassment.
B) quid pro quo sexual harassment.
C) grudge stalking.
D) cyberstalking.
E) intimate partner stalking.

Question 54

A 24-year-old male follows his classmate around without her knowledge and secretly takes pictures of her. Although he has never spoken to her, he believes she is in love with him and that they are fated to be together. This scenario describes

A) delusional stalking.
B) grudge stalking.
C) intimate partner stalking.
D) quid pro quo sexual harassment.
E) hostile environment sexual harassment.

Question 55

Which situation is an example of grudge stalking?

A) Mike is infatuated with a classmate and checks her social media accounts constantly.
B) Carlos falsely believes that the professor he has never spoken to is secretly in love with him.
C) Leon calls the woman he asked out a rude name when she turns him down.
D) John shows up wherever his ex-boyfriend happens to be.
E) Doug follows around the supervisor who fired him because he likes making that person feel scared.

Question 56

Describe sexual assault statistics, including information about the age, sex, and ethnicity of victims, the relationship of perpetrators to victims, and reasons for the low rates of reporting sexual assaults.

Question 57

After making out with a woman at a fraternity party, a man with no prior history of sexual assault decides to get her drunk in order to have sex with her. He knew she was too intoxicated to consent when they had sex, but did not care in the heat of the moment. What factors might explain his behavior?

Question 58

A the end of a date, a man forced his way into the woman's apartment and raped her without using a condom. What steps should she take to protect her physical and mental health and gather evidence for prosecution?

Question 59

Give examples of how U.S. rape laws have changed since the 1970s, and explain why those changes have been important to victims of sexual assaults.

Question 60

Describe characteristics that distinguish rapists from nonrapists, and discuss theoretical explanations for the phenomenon of rape.

Question 61

Describe recidivism rates among sexual offenders, and make a case for or against funding recidivism prevention programs for convicted sex offenders.

Question 62

Describe rates of intimate partner violence and the demographic factors associated with higher risk.

Question 63

Describe the "cycle of violence" often seen in cases of intimate partner violence, and explain why many women remain in violent relationships.

Question 64

In a workplace employing 50 people, only three employees are women. Most women hired by the organization quit within a few months, complaining of supervisors making jokes about the competence of women, employees bragging about sexual exploits during meetings, and about the swimsuit calendar hanging in the kitchen. Explain what type of sexual harassment (if any) this is and what steps the remaining women in the workplace could take.

Question 65

Discuss the three kinds of stalkers and explain their typical motivations.