Deck 13: Presenting Speeches

Question 1

Just as totally relaxed actors or musicians aren't likely to perform at the top of their potential, speakers think more rapidly and express themselves more energetically when they experience

A) facilitative speech anxiety.
B) debilitative speech anxiety.
C) irrational thinking.
D) the fallacy of perfection.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

An intense level of apprehension about speaking before an audience, resulting in poor performance, is referred to as

A) facilitative speech anxiety.
B) debilitative speech anxiety.
C) irrational thinking.
D) the fallacy of catastrophic failure.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The fallacy of _______ might also be labeled the fallacy of exaggeration, because it occurs when a person blows one poor experience out of proportion, or when a speaker treats occasional lapses as if they were the rule rather than the exception.

A) approval
B) overgeneralization
C) irrational thinking
D) catastrophic failure

Answer 3

B

Question 4

People who succumb to the fallacy of _______ operate on the assumption that, if something bad can happen, it probably will.

A) approval
B) overgeneralization
C) irrational thinking
D) catastrophic failure

Question 5

Speakers who succumb to the fallacy of _______ expect to deliver a flawless presentation.

A) approval
B) overgeneralization
C) irrational thinking
D) perfection

Question 6

A technique for behavioral rehearsal (e.g., for a speech) that involves imagining the successful completion of the task is called

A) memorization.
B) substitution.
C) visualization.
D) projection.

Question 7

Beliefs that are illogical and leave people feeling unnecessarily apprehensive are called

A) impromptu ideas.
B) deletions.
C) irrational thinking.
D) extemporaneous ideas.

Question 8

Researchers have found that speech anxiety tends to be at its lowest

A) just before speaking.
B) at the midpoint of the speech.
C) when the speech-assignment is announced and explained.
D) during the preparation stage.

Question 9

Carmen is uneasy about speaking because she had a negative experience when giving a speech in the past. This has contributed to her

A) facilitative speech anxiety.
B) debilitative speech anxiety.
C) fallacy of approval.
D) fallacy of catastrophic failure.

Question 10

Brian has never given a speech to the audience he is speaking to, yet he is afraid they will think he's stupid. What is occurring?

A) The fallacy of imperfection
B) The fallacy of overgeneralization
C) Irrational thinking
D) The fallacy of disapproval

Question 11

Barbara gives a controversial speech about tax reform. She does an excellent job making her points but is surprised by the negative responses coming from a few members of the audience. What best accounts for her surprise?

A) The fallacy of catastrophic failure
B) The fallacy of overgeneralization
C) Debilitative thinking
D) The fallacy of approval

Question 12

Randall realizes he needs to pay less attention to his own feelings and concentrate on the audience. Which tip for overcoming unhelpful speech anxiety is he using?

A) Use nervousness to your advantage.
B) Understand the differences between rational and irrational fears.
C) Maintain a receiver orientation.
D) Keep a positive attitude.

Question 13

Patricia knows that being completely calm can take away the passion that is one element of a good speech. What unstated assumption can we make about Patricia?

A) She keeps a positive attitude.
B) She is never engaged in irrational thinking.
C) She has fallen into the fallacy of perfection.
D) She understands one of the ways to overcome unhelpful speech anxiety.

Question 14

Janet says before her speech, "I always screw up in situations like this." What unstated assumption can we make about Janet?

A) She has fallen into the fallacy of approval.
B) She is engaged in irrational thinking.
C) She has fallen into the fallacy of perfection.
D) She is engaged in facilitative speech anxiety.

Question 15

Eva imagines herself giving and completing her speech successfully. What unstated assumption can we make about Eva?

A) She has fallen into the fallacy of approval.
B) She is engaged in irrational thinking.
C) She has fallen into the fallacy of perfection.
D) She understands visualization can be helpful.

Question 16

A(n) _______ speech is given spontaneously, without preparation.

A) extemporaneous
B) impromptu
C) manuscript
D) memorized

Question 17

This type of speech is read word for word from a prepared text.

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 18

A(n) _______ speech is planned in advance but presented naturally in a direct, spontaneous manner.

A) extemporaneous
B) impromptu
C) manuscript
D) memorized

Question 19

Audiences tend to know immediately when speakers forget their lines while delivering _______ speeches.

A) extemporaneous
B) impromptu
C) manuscript
D) memorized

Question 20

The ability to think on your feet and organize your thoughts quickly will best serve a speaker giving which kind of speech?

A) Extemporaneous speech
B) Impromptu speech
C) Manuscript speech
D) Memorized speech

Question 21

Stephanie is giving a speech about an animal shelter. She is speaking to her audience in a conversational tone. The audience feels as if she is speaking to them directly. What type of speech is she most likely giving?

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 22

Brendan is on the speech and debate team. He is giving a speech this evening. He has been preparing for the speech for weeks, trying not to forget any of his lines. What kind of speech is he most likely giving?

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 23

Joe is speaking for the record, presenting research findings to a scientific review board. What kind of speech will he most likely give?

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 24

Maggie didn't realize the board of directors would ask her to speak, and was a little surprised when they did. What kind of speech will she most likely give?

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 25

Ted is a lawyer. He is speaking for the record during some legal proceedings and is therefore reading word for word from a prepared text. Which sentence explains the greatest disadvantage of the speech he will most likely give?

A) It may lack a conversational tone.
B) It may lack spontaneity.
C) It may lack formality.
D) It may be overly formal.

Question 26

Juanita is a college professor. She is going to speak to her class about visual communication. She has a lesson plan that she intends to follow. What is the most probable type of speech she will give to her class?

A) An extemporaneous speech
B) An impromptu speech
C) A manuscript speech
D) A memorized speech

Question 27

A _______ is any kind of line drawing that shows the most important properties of an object.

A) diagram
B) pie chart
C) model
D) visual aid

Question 28

A _______ maps out the direction of a moving point; it is ideally suited for showing changes over time.

A) diagram
B) pie chart
C) model
D) line chart

Question 29

Graphic devices that may be used in any type of speech to illustrate and support ideas are called

A) diagrams.
B) pie charts.
C) models.
D) visual aids.

Question 30

Scaled representations of the object you are discussing that are used when that object is too large or too small or simply doesn't exist anymore are called

A) diagrams.
B) pie charts.
C) models.
D) visual aids.

Question 31

A _______ is an effective way of presenting statistics so that your audience can remember them more easily.

A) number chart
B) diagram
C) model
D) word chart

Question 32

A visual aid that conveys its meaning through images of an actual object is called a
A word chart depicting the relationship of people to each other, such as a family tree, is an example of a(n) _______ chart.

A) flow
B) organizational
C) line
D) column

Question 33

Finn needs to depict a means of deciding what to watch on Netflix. He depicts the process with boxes and arrows. Which chart is Finn likely to use?

A) A line chart
B) A bar chart
C) A flow chart
D) A pie chart

Question 34

A visual aid that compares two or more values by showing them as elongated vertical rectangles is called a

A) line chart.
B) model.
C) column chart.
D) number chart.

Question 35

A visual aid that divides a circle into wedges, representing percentages of the whole is called a

A) line chart.
B) model.
C) column chart.
D) pie chart.

Question 36

Sally wants to depict the proportion of time spent on different activities during a typical college student's week. Which visual aid is Sally likely to use?

A) An object
B) A model
C) A line chart
D) A pie chart

Question 37

Charlie wants to show student government his vision for the new athletic center on campus. He brought a proportionate representation to bring to his presentation. Which visual aid is Charlie using?

A) A model
B) A number chart
C) A diagram
D) An organizational chart

Question 38

Terrance is going on the road to show how the world's climate has been changing. He is going to show how the polar ice caps have receded over time. He will be speaking in auditoriums around the country. His presentation was created in Prezi and contains no more than seven lines of text, each with no more than seven words. He was sure to plan for a visual aid that could be seen by his audience. What type of visual aid did Terrance choose?

A) A line chart
B) An organizational chart
C) A model
D) A word chart

Question 39

Which medium for presenting visual aids gives you the advantage of spontaneity and portability?

A) A whiteboard
B) A flip pad
C) A handout
D) A clip from YouTube

Question 40

The major advantage of this medium of presentation is its spontaneity, while a disadvantage is the inability to prepare your materials on it in advance.

A) A whiteboard
B) A flip pad
C) A handout
D) A projector

Question 41

What is the phenomenon referred to as "death by PowerPoint"?

A) Failing to coordinate what you are reading with what appears on the screen.
B) Experiencing a power outage while you are presenting.
C) Overusing technology and losing spontaneity during a speech.
D) Making your content redundant by reading out to your audience exactly what appears on the screen.

Question 42

When you need to supply information that really cannot be presented any other way, you might consider using a _______ as a visual aid.

A) whiteboard
B) flip pad
C) handout
D) YouTube clip

Question 43

When Jo was planning her speech, she knew she needed a medium that would be an excellent memory and reference aid for her audience. When she had chosen one, she realized it should probably be used after she had finished speaking, to avoid distractions. Which visual aid did she decide on?

A) A whiteboard
B) A flip pad
C) A handout
D) A video clip

Question 44

Gary had spent a long time planning his speech and put together an impressive slideware program using PowerPoint. Unfortunately, there was a malfunction in the school's IT system on the morning of his presentation, and he wasted fifteen minutes trying to fix the problem instead of using a backup plan. What choice below best describes what was happening?

A) Gary had experienced "death by PowerPoint."
B) Gary was not in control of his visual aids at all times.
C) Gary had not checked that his visual aids were appropriate.
D) Gary had forgotten the "rule of seven."

Question 45

Terrance is going on the road to show how the world's climate has been changing. He is going to show how the polar ice caps have receded over time. He will be speaking in auditoriums around the country, and in each case the audience will likely have at least 150 people. His presentation was created in Prezi and contains no more than seven lines of text, each with no more than seven words. He was sure to plan for a medium for his visual aids that could be seen by his audience. What medium did Terrance most likely select?

A) A diagram with audio clips
B) A flip pad and handouts
C) A model
D) A digital projector

Question 46

Terrance is going on the road to show how the world's climate has been changing. He is going to show how the polar ice caps have receded over time. He will be speaking in auditoriums around the country, and in each case the audience will likely have at least 150 people. His presentation was created in Prezi and contains no more than seven lines of text, each with no more than seven words. He was sure to plan for a medium that would keep his listeners' attention while never straying from the relevance of his presentation. What rule for using visual aids was Terrance considering above all?

A) Keeping control
B) Size
C) Appropriateness
D) Attractiveness

Question 47

Which of the following options is correct?

A) Audiences are more likely to trust your nonverbal communication than the words you speak.
B) Audiences are as likely to trust your nonverbal communication as the words you speak.
C) Audiences are less likely to trust your nonverbal communication than the words you speak.
D) Audiences tend to think that what you say is less important than how you appear.

Question 48

Which visual aspect of delivery helps you to extend the "action zone" - the center area at the front of the room where you are speaking - so that you can establish a connection with more of your audience?

A) Appearance
B) Movement
C) Posture
D) Dynamic visuals

Question 49

Andrea forgot that she was giving a speech in her communication class, so she decided to just wear workout clothes and sneakers to class. Which visual aspect of delivery was she neglecting?

A) Dynamic visuals
B) Appearance
C) Posture
D) Attractiveness

Question 50

Tyler has a lot of nervous energy as he begins his speech and he begins to shake and twitch. What should he have considered incorporating into his presentation beforehand?

A) Dynamic visuals
B) Physical appearance
C) Careful posture
D) Voluntary movement

Question 51

The main reason for Jenny's anxiety before her big speech was that she had no idea how the audience was going to react to what she was saying. Her friend Rob, who had more experience of public speaking, advised her that there was, above all, one visual aspect of delivery which worked as a kind of reality testing; it could not only increase contact with the listeners, but help to reduce the nerves. What aspect of nonverbal delivery was Rob advising Jenny to consider?

A) Eye contact
B) Using dynamic visuals
C) Good posture
D) Keeping it entertaining

Question 52

Normal speaking speed is between _______ words per minute, which is about the same rate as a television newscaster would speak.

A) 90 and 120
B) 120 and 150
C) 150 and 170
D) 170 and 200

Question 53

The loudness of your voice, determined by the amount of air you push past the vocal folds in your throat, is called

A) rate.
B) pitch.
C) articulation.
D) volume.

Question 54

In terms of auditory nonverbal behavior, _______ means pronouncing all the parts of all the necessary words and nothing else.

A) rate
B) pitch
C) articulation
D) slurring

Question 55

Trying to say two or more words at once-or at least overlapping the end of one word with the beginning of the next-is called

A) neglecting.
B) deletion.
C) substitution.
D) slurring.

Question 56

This takes place when you replace part of a word with an incorrect sound.

A) Neglecting
B) Deletion
C) Substitution
D) Addition

Question 57

If a newcomer to public speaking is fading out at some points of their delivery, which auditory aspect of their delivery do they especially need to practice?

A) Their volume
B) Their rate
C) Their pitch
D) Their paralanguage

Question 58

When William gets nervous his voice begins to squeak. What auditory aspect of William's delivery changes?

A) The articulation
B) The pitch
C) The rate
D) The volume

Question 59

When Peggy is speaking she says "athalete" instead of athlete. What is occurring?

A) Neglecting
B) Deletion
C) Substitution
D) Addition

Question 60

When Rosalia is speaking she says, "Um, this is what we're goin' to do." What is occurring?

A) Neglecting and slurring
B) Deletion and addition
C) Substitution and deletion
D) Slurring and addition

Question 61

Suzy had a habit of saying, "Do you know what I mean?" at the ends of many of her sentences. She gave speeches around the world and her voice was clear and enthusiastic. She dressed professionally, and most of her lectures were about how to save money. Unfortunately, her audiences were shrinking. Why do you suppose this was happening?

A) Suzy was using tag questions.
B) Suzy was slurring.
C) Suzy was not articulating.
D) Suzy was substituting

Question 62

When speaking in a videoconference, or delivering a speech virtually, it is recommended to alternate your gaze between the camera lens and the faces on the screen in order to

A) keep your audience occupied.
B) maintain correct facial expressions and posture.
C) establish eye contact and gauge audience responses.
D) guarantee that you appear to your best advantage.

Question 63

Virtual team collaboration can be particularly enhanced by using

A) online whiteboards.
B) flip pads.
C) audio clips.
D) online models.

Question 64

Victoria had taken a lot of time to prepare her online speech and had practiced techniques for guaranteeing clear delivery to enable her to deliver as much information, in ways the audience could hear and understand, as the time allowed. So, she was a little disappointed to discover, when reviewing the feedback on her speech, that some audience members were upset when they were not able to participate in the ways they'd wished, and that others had been distracted by a minor technical glitch that Victoria herself had scarcely even noticed. What tips for delivering online speeches should she have heeded?

A) Try out various web-conferencing platforms and start and end on time.
B) Keep the slides simple and schedule a run-through before the actual event.
C) Try out various web-conferencing platforms and schedule a run-through before the actual event.
D) Use dynamic visuals and keep the slides simple.

Question 65

What is the benefit of facilitative speech anxiety?

Question 66

Name four types of speech delivery.

Question 67

Name five rules for using visual aids effectively.

Question 68

Name five visual aspects of delivery.

Question 69

List six tips for the online or virtual delivery of speeches.

Question 70

Describe the two main reasons for debilitative speech anxiety.

Question 71

Compare an extemporaneous speech with an impromptu speech.

Question 72

Explain why simplicity, appropriateness, and being in control are important rules for using visual aids.

Question 73

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using handouts during a presentation.

Question 74

Describe the importance of eye contact during speech delivery.