Deck 8: Dont Share These With Your Friends: Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Before vaccines, which of the following vaccine-preventable diseases caused the worst sequelae?

A) Measles and polio
B) Measles and chickenpox
C) Mumps and chickenpox
D) Polio and flu

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Before the discovery of pathogens, many people believed that diseases resulted from evil spirits.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

List the microorganisms that cause disease.

Answer 3

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites

Question 4

Explain the difference between the terms endemic, epidemic, and pandemic.

Question 5

How is rabies transmitted? Is it an example of direct or indirect transmission?

Question 6

Briefly explain the difference between infectious diseases and contagious diseases.

Question 7

Bacteria are single-celled organisms and are classified by shape. Briefly list and describe the various bacterial shapes.

Question 8

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Etiology

A) The way a disease works/the study of diseases
B) Prediction of the future course of a disease and how likely a person is to recover
C) Cause or causes of disease

Question 9

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Pathology

A) The way a disease works/the study of diseases
B) Prediction of the future course of a disease and how likely a person is to recover
C) Cause or causes of disease

Question 10

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Prognosis

A) The way a disease works/the study of diseases
B) Prediction of the future course of a disease and how likely a person is to recover
C) Cause or causes of disease

Question 11

Match the pathogen with the appropriate description.
-Neisseria meningitidis

A) Almost every college requires or strongly recommends that students are vaccinated against this pathogen, especially if they plan to live in the dorms.
B) Frequently found in the nose or skin without causing disease.
C) Primarily a disease of horses, sheep, and cattle; can be used as a biological weapon.
D) A major risk factor for gastric ulcers and the primary identified cause of gastric cancer

Question 12

Match the pathogen with the appropriate description.
-Staphylococcus aureus

A) Almost every college requires or strongly recommends that students are vaccinated against this pathogen, especially if they plan to live in the dorms.
B) Frequently found in the nose or skin without causing disease.
C) Primarily a disease of horses, sheep, and cattle; can be used as a biological weapon.
D) A major risk factor for gastric ulcers and the primary identified cause of gastric cancer

Question 13

Match the pathogen with the appropriate description.
-Bacillus anthracis

A) Almost every college requires or strongly recommends that students are vaccinated against this pathogen, especially if they plan to live in the dorms.
B) Frequently found in the nose or skin without causing disease.
C) Primarily a disease of horses, sheep, and cattle; can be used as a biological weapon.
D) A major risk factor for gastric ulcers and the primary identified cause of gastric cancer

Question 14

Match the pathogen with the appropriate description.
-Helicobacter pylori

A) Almost every college requires or strongly recommends that students are vaccinated against this pathogen, especially if they plan to live in the dorms.
B) Frequently found in the nose or skin without causing disease.
C) Primarily a disease of horses, sheep, and cattle; can be used as a biological weapon.
D) A major risk factor for gastric ulcers and the primary identified cause of gastric cancer

Question 15

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Bacteria

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 16

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Direct transmission

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 17

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Droplet transmission

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 18

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Endemic

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 19

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Epidemic

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 20

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Fungi

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 21

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Herd immunity

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 22

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Host

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 23

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Immunity

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 24

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Indirect transmission

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 25

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Pandemic

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 26

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Parasite

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 27

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Prion disease

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 28

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Transmission of infection

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 29

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Quarantine

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries

Question 30

Match each term with the correct definition.
-Virus

A) A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
B) An ultramicroscopic, metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts.
C) When a disease spreads across a large geographic region, such as a continent or worldwide.
D) Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
E) The state of being unable to get a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
F) When new cases of a disease over a period of time substantially exceed what is expected, based on the recent past. Usually occurs in a particular place.
G) A family of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals.
H) Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that are everywhere. They can cause infections or be helpful, such as in the making wine or in decomposition.
I) Spread of disease produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
J) Simple, aerobic organisms that can grow in low moisture and low pH environments; have their genetic material bound in a membrane
K) An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients from the other organism.
L) Strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease.
M) A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural conditions.
N) Spread of disease by touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth.
O) When the vaccination of a significant portion of a population provides a measure of protection for otherwise unprotected individuals
P) When an agent carried from a reservoir to a susceptible host by suspended air particles or by animate or inanimate intermediaries