Deck 3: Mental Disorder: Concepts of Causes and Cures

Question 1

The __________ model views mental disorder as a disease that can be treated through medical means.

A) antipsychiatric
B) behavior modification
C) medical
D) psychoanalytic

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The __________ model uses drug therapy, electroshock therapy, and brain surgery to treat mental disorders.

A) antipsychiatric
B) medical
C) psychoanalytic
D) social stress

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Why has the medical model been dominant in a search for solutions to mental disorder?

A) Psychiatrists are trained as medical doctors and adopt a medical perspective.
B) Much more funding has been available for research based on the medical model.
C) The medical model is more effective across multiple domains of well-being.
D) The medical model has persisted for several centuries.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What does research suggest about the effectiveness of psychotropic drugs in controlling mental disorders?

A) Research has not considered the effectiveness of drugs in controlling mental disorders.
B) Research is skeptical at best about the effectiveness of drugs in controlling mental disorders.
C) Research suggests little effectiveness of drugs in controlling mental disorders.
D) Research supports the effectiveness of drugs in controlling mental disorders.

Question 5

What major event will significantly improve the capability of researchers to answer questions of genetics and mental disorder?

A) the completion of the Human Genome Project
B) a longitudinal study of families and mental disorder
C) appropriate tests of the effectiveness of electroshock therapy
D) a long term study of the effects of behavior modification techniques

Question 6

Which of the following is likely the most controversial treatment?

A) drug therapy
B) behavior modification
C) electroshock therapy
D) psychosurgery

Question 7

Which of the following is not one of the shortcomings of the medical model?

A) The medical model assumes a medical cause of mental disorder.
B) The medical model controls symptoms rather than curing disorders.
C) The medical model focuses on treating mental disorders, but is not able to explain them.
D) The medical model ignores social and psychological factors related to mental disorders.

Question 8

What is the major difference between the medical and psychoanalytic models?

A) The medical model focuses on treatment of mental disorders and the psychoanalytic model focuses on explaining mental disorders.
B) The medical model relies on drugs and the psychoanalytic model relies of therapy.
C) The medical model approaches mental disorders as biochemical conditions and the psychoanalytic model approaches mental disorders as psychic conditions.
D) The medical model is practiced in the United States and the psychoanalytic approach is practiced in Europe.

Question 9

The psychoanalytic model is based largely on the work of __________.

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Adolf Meyer
C) Otto rank
D) Carl Jung

Question 10

According to Freud, the __________ functions to fulfill instant gratification.

A) ego
B) id
C) instinct
D) superego

Question 11

For Freud, the __________ is the most important component of personality.

A) ego
B) id
C) instinct
D) superego

Question 12

What did Freud mean by "the child is psychologically father to the adult"?

A) Children have power over their parents.
B) The events experienced as a child persist through adulthood.
C) Children have psychological needs to love their father more than their mother.
D) Infancy and childhood are the most important stages of life.

Question 13

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive anxieties are typically described as being in the __________ stage of Freud's psychosexual development.

A) anal
B) genital
C) latent
D) oral

Question 14

Sublimation is Freud's term for which of the following situations?

A) aggression being channeled into sports
B) aggression becoming violent
C) aggression being directed at specific individuals
D) aggression being internalized

Question 15

When an individual returns to an earlier psychosexual stage of development, this is referred to as __________.

A) reaction formation
B) introjection
C) regression
D) displacement

Question 16

What is the difference between psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic therapy?

A) In psychoanalysis, the patient uses free association. In psychoanalytic therapy, the patient uses hypnosis.
B) Psychoanalysis focuses on the ego and psychoanalytic therapy focuses on the id.
C) Psychoanalytic therapy is a version of psychoanalysis that focuses on current issues.
D) Psychoanalysis requires intensive and long term treatment and psychoanalytic therapy is less intensive and short term.

Question 17

Behavior modification is based on the __________ model, developed by Pavlov and Thorndike.

A) social learning
B) conditioning
C) psychoanalytic
D) social stress

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the limitations of behavior modification?

A) The long-term nature of behavior modification is doubtful.
B) Behavior modification is only effective in clinical settings.
C) Behavior modification assumes a willingness to learn new behavior.
D) Whether or not human behavior can be modified is questionable.

Question 19

According to research, most stress is a result of __________.

A) abnormalities
B) social interaction
C) genetics
D) behavior modification

Question 20

Extreme situations differ from negative ordinary events because __________.

A) negative ordinary events are uncontrollable
B) extreme situations are life threatening
C) extreme situations are uncontrollable and life threatening
D) negative ordinary events are life threatening and uncontrollable

Question 21

In Lauer's research on the "future shock" hypothesis, he found __________ changes were the most stressful.

A) slow and desirable
B) rapid and desirable
C) slow and undesirable
D) rapid and undesirable

Question 22

According to the Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale, __________ is rated as the highest relative stress value.

A) the death of a spouse
B) the death of a child
C) the death of a pet
D) the death of a parent

Question 23

The __________ model rejects the notion that mental disorders are medical illnesses.

A) antimedical
B) anytipsychatric
C) political
D) social learning

Question 24

Thomas Szasz argues that "mental illness __________."

A) is not something a person has but is something he does or is
B) is something internal not something external
C) exists only in someone's mind not in someone's body
D) is a disease that should be treated in a professional setting and not alone

Question 25

Compare any two theories of mental illness.

Question 26

Discuss the criticisms of the medical model.

Question 27

Describe Freud's concept of the personality.

Question 28

Describe and provide an example of any three common ego defense mechanisms described by psychoanalysts.

Question 29

What are the major strengths and limitations of behavior modification?