Deck 8: The Development of Memory

Question 1

Explicit or ___ memory refers to types of memories that can be brought consciously and deliberately to mind.

Answer 1

declarative

Question 2

Implicit ___ memory refers to unconscious memories that are indexed by changes in performance.

Answer 2

procedural

Question 3

___ ordering is a critical measure of explicit recall, for example whether children can reproduce modeled events in sequence.

Answer 3

Temporal

Question 4

Bauer and Mandler (1989) showed that ___ relations are an important organizing principle for episodic memories.

Question 5

There are developmental changes in the ___ and extent of explicit recall.

Question 6

Infantile ___ refers to the absence of episodic/autobiographical memories before the age of about 3 years.

Question 7

In the ___ completion task for implicit memory, participants are shown a series of letters like "CH-Y" and asked to complete it.

Question 8

In Newcombe and Fox's experiment (1995), children showed a ___ skin response to pictures of familiar classmates even when they lacked explicit memory for them.

Question 9

In adults, episodic memory it is organized around "scripts" or "___" for routine events.

Question 10

Each script is an abstract knowledge structure that represents the temporal and causal sequences of events in very specific ___

Question 11

According to Nelson, younger children concentrate on remembering ___ at the expense of novel events.

Question 12

An ___ maternal interaction style may facilitate children's development of organized and detailed event memories.

Question 13

The function of autobiographical memory changes with age. Younger children discuss their past to understand their role within the family, older children do this to cement relationships with ___

Question 14

Leading questions tend to increase children's errors of ___ (agreeing to things that had not happened).

Question 15

Working memory is a limited capacity "workspace" that maintains information ___

Question 16

The phonological ___ effect refers to the effect that similar-sounding words are more difficult to remember than words that sound different.

Question 17

The "word ___ effect" refers to difficulty in retaining long words (e.g. bicycle) in short term memory as compared to short words (e.g. egg).

Question 18

Experts and novices is a domain of knowledge can be distinguished by differences in ___ as well as age.

Question 19

The ___ gyrus, a specialized area for the perceptual learning of faces, may also be important in the general acquisition of expertise.

Question 20

The frontal lobes and ___ temporal lobe structures like the hippocampus are important for explicit memory.