Deck 14: Developing Countries

Question 1

According to the World Bank urban shantytowns are doubling in size __________ double their populations.

A)every 25 years.
B)every 20 to 25 years.
C)every 10 to 12 years.
D)every 5 to 7 years.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

According to the text of the world's 20 largest megacities how many are in the more-developed world?

A)18
B)15
C)10
D)5

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Some __________ percent of the world's population increase each year occurs in the cities of less-developed countries.

A)27
B)40
C)75
D)90

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to the World Bank what proportion of the world's urban population lives in poverty?

A)just under 65 percent
B)about 75 percent
C)about 85 percent
D)about 25 percent

Question 5

Which of the following approaches argues that LDC countries roughly will follow the western model of urban development?

A)the ecology-modernization approach
B)the world-systems perspective
C)the primate city approach
D)over-urbanization theory

Question 6

Industrialization in LDCs commonly __________.

A)hinders urbanization
B)trails behind urbanization
C)follows the pattern observed for North America in the 19^th century
D)has not occurred at all

Question 7

The ten largest cities in the world included which of the following?

A)Chicago-N.W. Indiana
B)New York-N.E. New Jersey
C) London
D) Moscow

Question 8

Currently the world's largest city is__________.

A) Mumbai (Greater Bombay)
B) Calcutta
C) Seoul
D)Tokyo

Question 9

Of the following, the only city without a rapid growth rate is __________.

A)Calcutta
B)Sao Paulo
C) Seoul
D) Tokyo

Question 10

The largest percentage of LDC growth comes from __________.

A)out-migration
B)over-urbanization
C)natural increase
D)national migration

Question 11

The text suggests that the term "developing country" is often a euphemism for ____________.

A) growing economy
B)stagnant economy
C)population control
D)poor country

Question 12

Which of the following is a way in which urbanization in LDCs differs from western urbanization?

A)Population growth has been far more rapid in the LDCs.
B)Industrialization spurs urbanization in LDCs but did not during western urbanization.
C)Cities are less healthy than rural areas in LDCs but were not during western urbanization.
D)Growth by natural increase is lower in LDCs than it was during western urbanization.

Question 13

Today, __________.

A)most people in developed countries lived in rural areas.
B)the growth of LDC cities is complete.
C)90 percent of the world's urban population growth is in LDC cities.
D)LDCs are experienced slight population declines in their primate cities.

Question 14

The average number of children born per woman in Niger is __________.

A) 1.5
B) 2.4
C)4.6
D)7.3

Question 15

After World War II Sri Lanka (Ceylon) achieved a 40 percent decline in death rates in just two years by __________.

A)spraying DDT from airplanes
B)building new hospitals
C)instituting a "get tough" policy against crime
D)building new sewage treatment plants throughout the country

Question 16

The term "developing country" __________.

A)is a polite way of saying poor country
B)means the country has a socialist system
C)refers only to countries in Asia and Africa
D)can only be used with capitalistic nations

Question 17

All of the following are problems faced by LDCs, except __________.

A)funds needed for development must be consumed
B)over one-third of the population is dependent children
C)the percentage of dependent elderly is large and rapidly growing
D)the labor force is growing faster than available jobs

Question 18

Newly industrializing countries (NICs) are __________.

A)often found in Africa
B)experiencing rising birth rates
C)displaying rapid economic development
D) preindustrial economies

Question 19

According to world-systems theory, the underdevelopment of Third-World countries is due to __________.

A)traditionalism
B)internal problems
C)genetic inferiority
D)structural dependency and unequal exchange

Question 20

An example of an NIC is __________.

A) Japan
B)France
C)England
D)Malaysia

Question 21

Data shows that urbanization in LDCs is spurred by __________.

A)over populated rural areas
B) available manufacturing jobs
C)available service jobs
D)demand for unskilled laborers

Question 22

According to the text, second to population growth, the most serious problem facing developing countries is __________.

A)political stability
B)providing employment
C)agricultural self-sufficiency
D)industrialization

Question 23

According to the United Nations, LDCs have approximately __________ unemployed or underemployed people, today.

A)250 million
B)500 million
C)750 million
D)1 billion

Question 24

According to the text, which of the following most closely approaches what the average Nike worker in Indonesia makes in a day?

A) $2.50
B)$ 6.00
C)$15.00
D)$25.00

Question 25

According to the text, in which of the following countries would a majority of urban workers be employed in the informal sector of the economy?

A)the United States
B)Singapore
C)Sweden
D)Mexico

Question 26

Squatter settlements __________.

A)have been successfully eliminated by government bulldozing
B)house the oldest residents in the urban area
C)are certain to grow in size and number
D)usually house less than 10 percent of the urban population in LDCs

Question 27

According to the text, decaying central city slums and new squatter settlements often house approximately __________ of the entire urban population in LDC nations.

A)one-eighth
B)one-quarter
C)one-third
D)one-fifth

Question 28

The following is true of LDCs: __________.

A)today there are no cities in LDCs with populations over 5 million
B)the number of persons in urban shanty towns doubles every 5 to 7 years
C)population growth in LDCs is 40 percent of the world's population increase
D)the United Nations projects that there will be 75 cities of over 1 million by the year 2020

Question 29

Most urban workers in LDCs are employed in __________.

A)the formal sector
B)the modem sector
C)the informal sector
D)the industrial sector

Question 30

According to the text, which of the following is most commonly found in squatter settlements?

A)running water
B)police protection
C)fire protection
D)electricity

Question 31

For the very poor living in squatter settlements, __________.

A)demolishing the settlements and relocating them gives them new homes
B)women accept relocation but it is difficult for men to be relocated
C)demolishing the settlements and relocation is usually financially disastrous for the inhabitants
D)the waiting list for relocation is short

Question 32

Squatter settlements or shanty towns are __________.

A)found largely in Africa and Asia but not in Latin America
B)usually built by the government
C)largely without municipal services
D)functional for residents because they provide a place to live that is close to where they work

Question 33

Most primate cities __________.

A)are today mostly export oriented
B)are economic but not administrative centers
C)are parasitic on the countryside
D)strongly resist economic and social change

Question 34

Most primate cities in LDC __________.

A) owe their development to government incentives
B) owe their early development to European colonialism
C) owe their development to rapid economic growth
D) owe their development to low population dependency ratio

Question 35

In primate cities __________.

A)the basic infrastructure is oriented toward national requirements
B)one usually finds the administrative and economic centers
C)orientation is usually toward less-developed countries
D)national decision-making power tends to be located outside the primate city in other, smaller cities

Question 36

Which of the following was, originally, a European colonial base?

A)Singapore
B)Cairo
C)Constantinople
D)Peking

Question 37

According to the text, most LDC cities were founded __________.

A)as a consequence of internal economic development
B)as colonial trade and administrative centers
C)along tribal and ethnic boundaries
D)by plans of local city planners and developers

Question 38

Primate cities __________.

A)are now growing slower than other cities
B)were often consciously created by colonial powers
C)will decline in size in the 21^st century
D)are essentially parasites that do little good for the countries in which they are located.

Question 39

Primate cities characteristically __________.

A)send out new satellite cities
B)concentrate government and public functions in one place but not industry
C)began by being primarily export-oriented and administrative centers
D)concentrate industry in one place but not government and public functions

Question 40

High urban densities __________.

A)are a sign of economic underdevelopment
B)can be an advantage
C)are a 20^th century phenomenon
D)mean the agricultural sector loses necessary workers

Question 41

In terms of size, primate cities are __________.

A)losing population to rural areas
B)growing but slower than other urban places
C)losing population to regional centers
D)growing faster than other cities

Question 42

The text argues that the rapid growth of cities is associated with __________.

A)increased literacy and economic development
B)a lowering of living standards
C)increased economic dependence
D)higher birth and death rates

Question 43

The text suggests that "over-urbanization" is __________.

A)a serious problem for LDCs
B)harmful to economic growth
C)a loaded term and not very useful
D)also found in western countries

Question 44

A frequently used example of overurbanization is __________.

A) China
B) France
C) Sweden
D) Egypt

Question 45

The following will be the pattern into the next century: __________.

A)cities in the developing world will reach a maximum density, then decline
B)urban infrastructure will achieve adequacy for the population
C)squatter settlements being demolished will become the policy
D)western-style post-industrialization will lag behind population growth

Question 46

The text suggests that in the next decade of the 21^st century, __________.

A)squatter settlements will decline significantly
B)city infrastructure in LDCs will become sufficient to support all residents of the city
C)population growth of cities will decline
D)political instability will be a serious problem in LDCs

Question 47

The world's current percentage urban is ______.

A)45 percent
B)55 percent
C)75 percent
D)90 percent

Question 48

According to the text, most LDC primate cities are located __________.

A)along the coasts
B)roughly in the center of the country
C)at the source of a major river
D)at the intersection of major inland cross-roads

Question 49

In the 21^st century, not only is the world be more urban than rural, but most of the growth will be in third world mega-cities.

Question 50

According to the text, large cities in LDCs are growing far faster than cities in the developed world.

Question 51

Currently the world's population is growing 100 million a year.

Question 52

As of 2017 there were 37 megacities over 10 million.

Question 53

According to the World Bank, one quarter of the world's urban population lives in poverty.

Question 54

According to the World Bank, urban shanty towns are doubling in size every two years.

Question 55

Large scale urbanization in Europe and North America was a process that spanned the 19^th and 20^th centuries.

Question 56

One of the world's largest cities, Mexico City, has relatively clean air due to its location deep within the country.

Question 57

According to the text, the great majority of the world's mega cities (with populations over 10 million people) are located in LDCs.

Question 58

The world-system perspective sees LDC nations in "core" position as supplier of raw material and labor to the developed capitalist states.

Question 59

Contemporary urbanization in LDCs differs from that of North American and European models.

Question 60

According to a world systems perspective, LDC countries can be expected to display the western pattern of development.

Question 61

According to the text, Mexico City and Sao Paulo are currently two of the very largest cities in the world.

Question 62

In LDCs, industrialization spurs on urbanization.

Question 63

Cities in LDCs differ from the western model of urban development in that they have high rates of population growth through natural increase as well as through in-migration.

Question 64

Poorer LDCs are changing their trading patterns that exploit their natural resources.

Question 65

Much of the present population explosion in LDCs can be traced to natural increases.

Question 66

The projection is that the world population in 2025 will be 15 billion people.

Question 67

Today the worldwide rate of population increase has begun to show declines.

Question 68

Following World War II, death rates in LDCs were drastically reduced due to major changes in the social and economic fabric of the society.

Question 69

According to the text, the highest total fertility rate is found in Niger where women have an average of 7.3 children.

Question 70

Urban conditions in LDCs are so poor that city residents have low expectations for themselves and their children and are not expected to place demands on city officials to make things better.

Question 71

Developments in communication technology have exposed the urban underclass to the existence of higher standard of living.

Question 72

According to the text, the developing nations of the world contain two-thirds of the world's people and account for approximately 50 percent of the world's industrial output.

Question 73

According to the text, the terms "modernizing country", "developing country", "Third World country", all mean basically the same thing-"poor country".

Question 74

The developing countries account for half of the food production of the world.

Question 75

The difference between developed countries and LDCs is basically economic.

Question 76

Less developed countries have slightly less than 20 percent of their population under age fifteen.

Question 77

The acronym, "NIC", stands for "Newly Industrialized Country".

Question 78

Today many of the NICs are found in Africa.

Question 79

According to the United Nations, in LDCs, approximately 30 million new workers enter the job market each year.

Question 80

"Subsistence urbanization" refers to the labor intensive industrialization formerly found in urbanization.