Deck 6: People and the Environment

Question 1

What is the environment?

A) A source of economic opportunity
B) A background to individual and collective lives
C) A repository of meaning that affects human activity
D) all of these

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What type of social grouping was most connected to the environment as a living organism filled with sustenance, spiritual meaning, and cosmological significance?

A) hunter-gatherers
B) agriculturalists
C) city-dwellers
D) human sacrifices

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What led to the shift from sacred space to productive space?

A) changes to hunting-gathering way of life
B) a willingness to sacrifice
C) multi-crop farming on the same field
D) rituals that impacted fertility of the land

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What or whom do the Iroquois refer to when they say the "Three Sisters?"

A) corn, beans, and squash
B) sun, moon, and stars
C) Earth, water, air
D) plants, animals, and land

Question 5

What is commodified agriculture?

A) land as a source for meaning
B) growing crops for sustenance
C) land as a resource for people
D) growing crops for income

Question 6

When people began to grow more food to sell rather than for sustenance, a shift in the idea of land as _____ to land as _____ occurred.

A) a sustainable commodity; a vehicle for growth
B) fertile nature; degraded environment
C) a source of meaning and identity; a commodity
D) free and accessible to all; private and inaccessible

Question 7

What was the context whereby particularities of place as spiritual significance were replaced by the generality of market space?

A) commodified agriculture
B) urban industrialization
C) hunter-gatherer societies
D) colonialism

Question 8

As incomes _____, the priority placed on environmental quality _____.

A) decrease; increases
B) increase; decreases
C) decrease; decreases
D) increase; increases

Question 9

What example best illustrates how environments are socially constructed as people and groups give meaning to spaces and places, as well as how built environments change over time?

A) Green spaces increase peoples' self-reported levels of physical and mental health.
B) In Tunis, the French built the central avenue, which was renamed for each political era.
C) Social environments and contexts often have specific behaviors and dress encoded.
D) In dense public urban spaces, people are less likely to help another person in distress.

Question 10

What was found to cause land use changes in Colombia from 1500-2000?

A) invasive species
B) political and economic change
C) an El Niño phenomenon
D) cultural and social change

Question 11

What term describes an area of study that looks at the relationships between socioeconomic factors and environmental factors?

A) social environment
B) political geography
C) political ecology
D) economic ecology

Question 12

In political ecology, the vulnerability of households to environmental hazards can often be linked to what?

A) corporate profitability
B) deforestation
C) irregular food supply
D) drought

Question 13

In the Arctic, what is causing the opening of new shipping routes, easier access to natural resources, and the opportunity to project a military presence?

A) geopolitical alliances
B) natural hazards
C) regional breakdown
D) climate change

Question 14

What is considered perhaps the most influential factor in the cause of global warming?

A) heavy use of fossil fuels
B) deforestation
C) deteriorating air quality
D) desertification

Question 15

What term describes the complicated text that tells us who has power, as well as how and why that power is wielded?

A) culture
B) landscape
C) national identity
D) history

Question 16

What is often reflected most in complicated landscape texts?

A) dominant culture
B) labor processes
C) alternative culture
D) personal memories

Question 17

What is NOT true about the impact of hazards and disasters?

A) Disasters do not affect everyone equally.
B) Disasters kill more women than men.
C) Disasters kill more men than women.
D) Disasters kill more poor people than wealthy.

Question 18

Why is the impact of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans in 2005 NOT considered a natural disaster by the text?

A) Its levees were adequately built and maintained, but the storm was just too strong.
B) Local environment was satisfactorily managed, maintaining protective marshlands.
C) Its navigation canal was inappropriate infrastructure and worsened inland flooding.
D) The most vulnerable local citizens had the best emergency response in the city.

Question 19

Erle Ellis and colleagues argue that we are now in a new geological age called _____________, which indicates the profound and fundamental restructuring caused by human agency.

A) Holocene
B) Pleistocene
C) Miocene
D) Anthropocene

Question 20

What is rewilding?

A) Identify core reserves
B) reintroduction of predators
C) creation of migratory corridors
D) all of these