Deck 3: Crime and Crime Control

Question 1

__________ is behavior that violates socially accepted standards of proper conduct or norms.

A) Crime
B) Delinquency
C) Deviance
D) Violence

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Strict liability, which presumes mens rea, punishes offenders regardless of:

A) The actions committed by coconspirators
B) The knowledge of the law and the extent to which the violator understood that he or she was breaking a law
C) The seriousness of the crime committed
D) The intent of the offender

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What was the goal of "Operation Cease Fire" in Chicago?

A) To identify specific individuals as repeat offenders.
B) To reduce violence by targeting individuals who have a high chance of being shot or being a shooter in the immediate future.
C) To bring a brigade of police officers, street crews, and inspection workers to the area to make arrests and board up drug houses.
D) To identify those offenders who are most likely to commit future crimes.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

By definition, "hot spot" policing is _____________.

A) Police departments responding to "crime waves" by increasing police presence in a given area.
B) Imprisoning offenders convicted of specific felonies for the third time for life.
C) Concentrating resources on offenders who are selected due to their perceived increased risk of future criminality.
D) Advocating for resources to be spent proportional to the crime committed.

Question 5

Generally, these individuals are most likely to attract the attention of the justice system and to receive full-scale justice processing.

A) Misdemeanants and first offenders
B) Felonies and repeat offenders
C) Strict liability offenders
D) Mala prohibita offenders

Question 6

Without _________, there would be no conduct designated as "crime".

A) Legislative action
B) Law enforcement efforts
C) Police discretion
D) Consistency among citizens about what behaviors are considered "criminal"

Question 7

This theory contends that motivated offenders, suitable targets, and lack of capable guardianship are necessary components for crime to occur.

A) Rational choice theory
B) Lifecourse criminality
C) Clinard's typology of criminals
D) Routine activities theory

Question 8

Under problem oriented policing, the SARA model contains which element(s)?

A) Identify recurring problems
B) Prioritize the problems
C) Develop goals
D) All of the above

Question 9

According to criminal law, the definition of crimes contain two components: the actus reus and mens rea, which signify ________ and _______ respectively.

A) Physical harm and intent
B) Dangerousness and intent
C) Action and intent
D) Violence and psychological trauma

Question 10

When discussing the levels of crimes, what is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

A) A felony refers to violent crimes and misdemeanors only refer to property crimes
B) A felony is reserved for individuals who reoffend and misdemeanors are only granted on first offenses
C) A felony is punishable by a term of more than one year in state prison and a misdemeanor is punishable by a term of no more than one year in a local jail.
D) A felony is only punishable by a term of no more than one year in prison and a misdemeanor is punishable by a term of no more than one year in jail.

Question 11

Mandatory sentencing really means mandatory incarceration.

Question 12

Intensive supervision programs are used by officials to classify probationers and parolees under community supervision by risk and need.

Question 13

The past decade has seen an increase in prison growth, which some refer to as "mass incarceration".

Question 14

Deviance is behavior that violates socially accepted standards of proper conduct.

Question 15

The use of problem oriented policing has proven ineffective and unorganized at best.

Question 16

Strict liability often applies to white-collar crimes.

Question 17

Participation refers to how active the criminal is during their criminal career.

Question 18

Coyne and Eck (2015) suggest that situational choice may be a more accurate term to describe the decision-making process of criminals and to bridge the gap between biosocial explanations for crime such as the life-course theory and situational approaches.

Question 19

Crime seriousness is the least significant predictor of decisions.

Question 20

By using risk assessment tools, correctional officers hope to identify those most at risk of re-offending and provide treatment which targets their specific needs.

Question 21

Situational crime prevention suggests that changing the physical environment by better lighting, altering traffic patterns, installing locks and bars, and the like may reduce the chances of crime.

Question 22

A misdemeanor is the least serious offense.