Deck 4: Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning

Question 1

Tomporowski (2009) outlines key components of cognitive functioning. Which component appears most modifiable by physical activity?

A) perception
B) pattern recognition
C) executive function
D) attention
E) memory

Answer 1

executive function

Question 2

Testing the association between physical activity and cognitive functioning is highly complex. What are some explanations for this?

A) Effects of physical activity may be acute or chronic
B) Different forms of physical activity can vary by intensity, duration and context
C) There are many different potential cognitive outcomes which can be assessed in different ways
D) Tests of cognitive functioning may involve people of different ages and health conditions
E) All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

There is evidence showing that single, acute, bouts of physical activity, may have positive effects on cognitive and academic performance. However, results may be __________

A) Goal-directed
B) Task-specific
C) Action- oriented
D) Contingent

Answer 3

Task-specific

Question 4

This chapter presents the results from a number of meta-analyses examining the association between physical activity and cognitive functioning among young people. How would you describe in general the size of the effect reported in these?

A) no effect
B) small to moderate effect
C) moderate effect
D) large effect

Question 5

Biddle et al. (2019) concluded that there was evidence for a causal association between physical activity and cognitive functioning in young people. Which causality criterion currently has no evidence?

A) strength of association
B) temporal sequencing
C) dose-response
D) biological plausibility

Question 6

There are likely many factors that moderate the relationship between physical activity and cognitive functioning among adults. Which statement do you agree with?

A) Exercise must be vigorous
B) Those with lower fitness may gain more from exercise
C) Exercise should just be aerobic in nature
D) Short bouts of exercise are best

Question 7

'Alzheimer and other dementias' are predicted in high income countries to become the __________ leading cause of death by 2030 (Mathers & Loncar, 2006).

A) 1^st
B) 3^rd
C) 7^th
D) 10^th

Question 8

Evidence was gathered concerning cognition and brain outcomes across all age groups in updating the 2018 American guidelines for physical activity. How did they characterize the strength of the evidence regarding the association between physical activity and the reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia?

A) No evidence
B) Weak evidence
C) Moderate evidence
D) Strong evidence