Deck 4: Work and Wealth Inequality

Question 1

Which U.S. president was in office when Affirmative Action was enacted?

A) Richard Nixon
B) George W. Bush
C) Bill Clinton
D) Henry Ford

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What decade was President Truman's Fair Deal implemented?

A) 1910s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following did President Truman's Fair Deal do?

A) raised the minimum wage
B) protect workers from unfair employment practices
C) provided housing assistance
D) all of these

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What year was the GI Bill of Rights passed?

A) 1930
B) 1963
C) 1970
D) 1944

Question 5

Which of the following was provided by the GI Bill of Rights?

A) financing for new homes
B) financing for new business
C) financing for college loans
D) all of these

Question 6

Which social welfare program would have been useful for a 22-year-old Vietnam Veteran to take advantage of after returning home?

A) temporary assistance to needy families
B) GI Bill of Rights
C) Medicare
D) none of these

Question 7

What is one of the social consequences of the GI Bill of Rights?

A) It increased the size of the middle class in the United States.
B) The benefits were not as large for minority veterans.
C) It increased the size of the working class in the United States.
D) both "it increased the size of the middle class in the United States" and "the benefits were not as large for minority veterans"

Question 8

Which of the following was not true of slaves brought to America forcefully by European colonists?

A) at first they were indentured servants
B) they were never indentured servants
C) they were quickly labeled as chattel
D) both "at first they were indentured servants" and "they were quickly labeled as chattel"

Question 9

______ is the legal term that defined African American slaves as property of their masters.

A) Chattel
B) Cargo
C) Human equity
D) Human capital

Question 10

This theory embraces individualism, free markets, free trade, and limited government intervention or regulation.

A) neoliberal theory
B) Marxism
C) symbolic interactionism
D) functionalism

Question 11

Which U.S. president implemented the New Deal?

A) President Nixon
B) President Truman
C) President Kennedy
D) President Roosevelt

Question 12

Which of the following was part of the New Deal in the mid-1930s?

A) established a federal minimum wage
B) instituted banking reform
C) created Social Security
D) all of these

Question 13

This measures the market value of all assets we own, such as a home, a car, or artwork, minus any debt that we owe.

A) capital
B) welfare
C) wealth
D) investment

Question 14

What factor do social scientists use to measure income inequality?

A) investments
B) wealth
C) income
D) both "wealth" and "income"

Question 15

Which of the following is partially responsible for the existing racial wealth gap?

A) inheritance
B) access to home mortgages
C) access to education
D) all of these

Question 16

This is the federal poverty line for a family of 4 per year.

A) $35,323
B) $24,230
C) $40,529
D) $15,148

Question 17

The growing service industry illustrates this economic trend in the United States.

A) shift from a manufacturing economy to a service economy
B) shift from a service economy to a manufacturing economy
C) outsourcing
D) both "shift from a service economy to a manufacturing economy" and "outsourcing"

Question 18

These types of jobs traditionally refer to those occupations involving manual labor.

A) blue collar
B) white collar
C) pink collar
D) domestic

Question 19

A farmer would be considered to have this type of job.

A) white collar
B) antiquated
C) blue collar
D) globalized

Question 20

These types of jobs tend to involve more mental labor than physical labor.

A) white collar
B) subsistence
C) blue collar
D) pink collar

Question 21

This is a function of high-tech companies outsourcing contract jobs.

A) It improves the quality.
B) It prevents the company from having to pay benefits to their regular employees.
C) It saves the company's money.
D) both "it prevents the company from having to pay benefits to their regular employees" and "it saves the company's money"

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a type of social welfare?

A) GI Bill of Rights
B) Affirmative Action
C) Medicare
D) Social Security

Question 23

This is a concealed story about social welfare.

A) The majority of people receiving welfare are white.
B) The majority of people receiving welfare are black.
C) The majority of people receiving welfare are Latino.
D) none of these

Question 24

This metaphor is used to describe the occupational experience of women seeing the top levels of management, but rarely being able to join it.

A) concrete ceiling
B) glass ceiling
C) glass escalator
D) triple glass ceiling

Question 25

This metaphor is used to describe the occupational experience of women of color regarding the barriers to top administrative positions and middle management positions.

A) class ceiling
B) glass escalator
C) concrete ceiling
D) triple glass ceiling

Question 26

Which of the following obstacles to women's advancement in the workplace is especially common among minority women?

A) lack of mentoring
B) lack of role models
C) lack of access to influential people
D) all of these

Question 27

This is the concealed story of the situation of worker's benefits in the United States.

A) The United States ranks first in worker benefits.
B) The United States does not guaranteed paid sick leave.
C) The United States does not guarantee paid parental leave.
D) Worker's benefits have a differential impact on various social groups.

Question 28

Which of the following is true of worker's benefits in the United States?

A) There is paid sick leave for all employees.
B) There are paid holidays for all employees.
C) There is no paid parental leave.
D) The United States guarantees paid days off of work.

Question 29

This was one of the best known and successful black labor organizations.

A) American Federation of Labor
B) Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
C) United Auto Workers
D) American Civil Liberties Union

Question 30

Which of the following is a reason that the GI Bill increased the wealth gap?

A) It failed to challenge discrimination.
B) It offered financing for college.
C) It offered financing for home ownership.
D) none of these

Question 31

Although the GI Bill offered benefits to minority veterans, it also increased the wealth gap, partially due to ______.

A) some banks refused to offer home mortgages to blacks
B) there were not enough black colleges to serve all of the black veterans seeking higher education
C) job discrimination practices limited employment
D) all of these

Question 32

Which U.S. president launched the War on Poverty in the 1960s?

A) President Kennedy
B) President Johnson
C) President Nixon
D) President Ford

Question 33

Which of the following groups was not protected by the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

A) those with physical disabilities
B) racial minorities
C) women
D) religious groups

Question 34

The minority vulnerability thesis suggests that ______.

A) minority employees are the first to get fired
B) minority members face more difficulty in the hiring process
C) lack of job networks make minority job applicants vulnerable
D) all of these

Question 35

When employers place job ads only in newspapers from white neighborhoods, they are ______.

A) practicing selective recruitment that increases job segregation
B) breaking discrimination laws
C) decreasing job segregation
D) both "practicing selective recruitment that increases job segregation" and "breaking discrimination laws"

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of institutionalized job discrimination?

A) selective recruitment strategies
B) not advertising new positions
C) avoiding state employment services
D) all of these

Question 37

What is the most frequently reported form of racial discrimination in the workplace?

A) hiring process
B) firing
C) pass over for promotion
D) denial of paid leave

Question 38

Which group is often stereotyped as the model minority in the United States?

A) Asians
B) Irish
C) Indians
D) Native Americans

Question 39

Blaming the undocumented immigrant instead of going after the corporations hiring them is an example of ______.

A) affirmative action
B) institutionalized discrimination
C) racism
D) role of unions

Question 40

Which of the following is currently a category that immigrants can apply for a visa under?

A) temporary work visa
B) being an immediate family member of a U.S. citizen
C) refugee
D) all of these

Question 41

This is a concealed story related to cities with high levels of Latino/a immigration.

A) African Americans in those cities experience higher levels of unemployment.
B) African Americans in those cities experience lower levels of unemployment.
C) African Americans in those cities use more welfare programs.
D) both "African Americans in those cities experience higher levels of unemployment" and "African Americans in those cities use more welfare programs"

Question 42

Which of the following is true about undocumented workers?

A) They compete for blue-collar jobs.
B) They are clustered in agriculture.
C) They do not compete for the same jobs as low wage workers.
D) both "they are clustered in agriculture" and "they do not compete for the same jobs as low wage workers"

Question 43

Which of the following is a myth about affirmative action?

A) Companies are required to meet racial quotas.
B) All employers are required to implement affirmative action policies.
C) Affirmative action policies decrease diversity.
D) both "companies are required to meet racial quotas" and "all employers are required to implement affirmative action policies"

Question 44

The court case Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke made this practice illegal.

A) racial quotas
B) job discrimination
C) sexual harassment in the workplace
D) discriminatory firing

Question 45

The U.S. government has given reparations to which of the following groups?

A) American Indians
B) Japanese American survivors of the internment camps of World War II
C) African Americans with ancestors who were slaves
D) both "American Indians" and "Japanese American survivors of the internment camps of World War II"

Question 46

Which minority group's work ethic and culture is commonly referred to when discussing the model minority in the United States?

A) German
B) American Indian
C) Asian
D) Mexican

Question 47

The stock story of the Asian model minority is complicated by the fact that ______.

A) in many Asian cultures it is common for teens and relatives to work in family businesses
B) the label Asian is applied to a very diverse group of people originating from many different countries
C) the Asian household often includes more workers than the average white household
D) all of these

Question 48

Which of the following is a way in which wealth can be generationally transmitted?

A) inheritance
B) access to education
C) political affiliation
D) both "inheritance" and "access to education"

Question 49

Which of the following was true of Aid to Families with Dependent Children?

A) It lifted 45% of children out of poverty.
B) It gave very poor women and children assistance from the government.
C) Poor women lost all benefits if they started working.
D) both "it gave very poor women and children assistance from the government" and "poor women lost all benefits if they started working"

Question 50

Which large U.S. employer is criticized for having a large proportion of its employees apply for public assistance, due to the company not paying a living wage or adequate benefits?

A) Walmart
B) Target
C) Dunkin' Donuts
D) Chevrolet

Question 51

Neoliberal theory has saturated U.S. politics and created pervasive narratives that support the assumption that the United States is a(n) ______.

A) oligarchy
B) aristocracy
C) meritocracy
D) monarchy

Question 52

Neoliberal theory is a(n) _____-blind approach that advances the idea that there is a level playing field.

A) fiscally
B) oppression
C) medically
D) culturally

Question 53

The split labor market refers to ______.

A) minority workers competing for jobs, while majority workers exclude minority groups from higher-paying jobs
B) minority workers choosing to work in blue-collar positions
C) men working in blue-collar jobs and women working in white-collar jobs
D) college graduates earning more than high school graduates

Question 54

Neoliberalism primarily focuses on ______.

A) economy's role in class conflict
B) individual behaviors and merit
C) role of race in determining wealth distribution
D) role of gender in determining wealth distribution

Question 55

Marxists theories of inequality primarily discuss ______.

A) class conflict
B) individual behavior
C) cultural values
D) natural gender roles

Question 56

In most states it is still legal to fire an employee based on their sexual orientation.

Question 57

The racial wealth gap is much wider than the income gap.

Question 58

In most states it is still legal to fire an employee based on their gender identity.

Question 59

Researchers have found that having a Spanish accent increases an applicant's chances on the job market.

Question 60

The United States puts caps on the maximum number of immigrants that it will accept from each country.

Question 61

U.S. taxpayers pay an estimated $2.6 billion to support Walmart employees with public assistance such as food stamps, subsidized housing, Medicaid, and more.

Question 62

The federal government determines who is eligible for social welfare benefits.

Question 63

Data consistently shows that people of color and poor whites actually pay higher prices for essential goods and services including cars, car insurance, car loans, gas, and groceries.

Question 64

In the United States, the government provides maternity leave for workers.

Question 65

Under the Trump administration, the White House removed all information about the Americans with Disabilities Act from its website, leaving many people with disabilities fearing their rights could be curtailed in the future.

Question 66

Discuss one of the experiments that examined the practice of discrimination in the hiring process and the practical meaning of the findings.

Question 67

Using two specific examples from the reading, discuss the role of occupational segregation in the race wage gap.

Question 68

The author explains that not all job discrimination is conscious or blatant. Based on your understanding of this explanation, discuss two specific ways that job discrimination is institutionalized.

Question 69

Using two examples from the reading, discuss two common forms of job discrimination.

Question 70

Discuss two myths that revolve around affirmative action policies that were discussed in the reading.