Deck 1: Science, Psychology, and Adaptive Learning

Question 1

William James was a ____ while Wilhelm Wundt was a ____.

A) behaviorist; functionalist
B) functionalist; structuralist
C) structuralist; functionalist
D) functionalist; behaviorist

Answer 1

functionalist; structuralist

Question 2

A scientific explanation always includes

A) an independent variable
B) a dependent variable
C) an independent and dependent variable
D) none of the above

Answer 2

an independent and dependent variable

Question 3

A pseudo-explanation

A) fails to specify an independent variable.
B) is circular.
C) may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies.
D) all of the above

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

Psychology looks to _____ for its explanations.

A) nature (heredity)
B) nurture (experience)
C) nature and nurture
D) none of the above

Question 5

Which of the following parts of the body appear to take up a disproportionately large part of the human motor cortex?

A) the tongue
B) the thumb
C) the tongue and thumb
D) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following groups in the Tolman and Honzik's (1930) maze study clearly indicated that they had learned?

A) the Regularly Rewarded and No Reward groups
B) the Regularly Rewarded and No Reward until Day 11 groups
C) the No Reward and No Reward until Day 11 groups
D) all three groups

Question 7

Classical conditioning is to ____ as instrumental conditioning is to ____.

A) adaptation; prediction
B) adaptation; control
C) prediction; control
D) control; prediction

Question 8

"School of hard knocks" is to ____ as "book learning" is to ____.

A) prediction ; control
B) control; prediction
C) direct; indirect
D) indirect; direct