Deck 3: Language and Definitions

Question 1

Which is most likely an expressive use of language?

A)a lie to your spouse
B)a note in a birthday card
C)AN evaluation of your English paper
D)an order in a restaurant

Answer 1

a note in a birthday card

Question 2

When your father says to you, "I am really sick of coming home to such a mess!" the best description of his sentence is:

A)an exclamatory sentence used expressively
B)an exclamatory sentence used directively
C)a declarative sentence used directively
D)an imperative sentence used directively

Answer 2

an exclamatory sentence used directively

Question 3

"Hey, Jim! You about done there?
"
When Jim's carpool partner says this to him, it is an example of:

A)an interrogative sentence used in ceremonial discourse
B)an interrogative sentence used in directive discourse
C)an exclamatory sentence used in directive discourse
D)an exclamatory sentence used in performative discourse

Answer 3

an interrogative sentence used in directive discourse

Question 4

"The word home means 'that place where, when you have to go there, they have to take you in.'"
This definition is best described as a:

A)stipulative definition
B)precising definition
C)theoretical definition
D)lexical definitio

Question 5

Which type of definition is found in the dictionary?

A)stipulative
B)precising
C)theoretical
D)lexical

Question 6

What is the relationship between the definiendum and the definiens?

A)the definiendum is that which defines the definiens
B)the definiens is that which explains the meaning of the definiendum
C)the definiendum applies to stipulative definitions the definiens does not
D)a definiendum is a definition that eliminates ambiguity; a definiens is a defini- tion that eliminates vagueness

Question 7

If you are told that pig means "swine," what kind of definition have you been given?

A)a false one
B)a definition by genus and species
C)a synonymous definition
D)a precising definition

Question 8

"I think that good food is the best thing in the world." "Well, I think that it is more important to eat organic produce than anything else."
This exchange is:

A)an obviously genuine dispute
B)an apparently verbal but genuine dispute
C)a merely verbal dispute
D)not a dispute at all

Question 9

A teacher says that amphibian means "frogs, newts, and salamanders." Is she giving the students a definition?

A)no (a list of objects is not a definition)
B)no (the teacher is referring to some objects but a real definition must refer to the intension of the term)
C)yes (this is an intensional definition)
D)yes (this is a definition by example)

Question 10

A child points at her family dog and says "doggie" to her mother.This is an:

A)intensional definition
B)extensional definition
C)ostensive definition
D)operational definition

Question 11

In attempting to motivate someone, a speaker should consider beliefs and attitudes
alike, since arguments almost always involve both of these things.

Question 12

Love letters are, generally, good examples of the performative function of language.

Question 13

Extension refers to the collection of objects to which a term applies.

Question 14

Ostensive definitions avoid some of the limitations of extensional definitions.

Question 15

Directive discourse in language is used to express emotion.

Question 16

Matching:

-When a pastor says to a couple, "I now pronounce you man and wife," he/she is using ________ language.

A)exclamatory
B)performative
C)imperative

Question 17

Matching:

-We use ________ when we want to disguise or underplay the emotive meaning of words.

A)emotively neutral language
B)emotionally charged language
C)directive discourse

Question 18

Matching:

-"Man is the only rational animal." In this definition by genus and difference, "rational" refers to ________.

A)species
B)genus
C)difference

Question 19

Matching:

-Definitions should not be ________, because then the definition will only explain the term to those who already understand it

A)circular
B)ambiguous
C)rude

Question 20

Matching:

-Pollsters influence the responses they receive unless they avoid ________ language.

A)emotive
B)offensive
C)stipulativ