Deck 2: Understanding the Determinants of Health

Question 1

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about determinants of health?

A) Determinants, if present, guarantee the development of a disease or a disease outcome (death or disability).
B) Determinants, if not present, guarantee that a disease or a disease outcome (death or disability) will not develop.
C) Determinants may also be called influences because their presence increases the chances of the development of a disease or outcome, but does not guarantee its occurrence.
D) Determinants are synonym for causes.

Answer 1

Determinants may also be called influences because their presence increases the chances of the development of a disease or outcome, but does not guarantee its occurrence.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes how the socioeconomic-cultural determinant relates to the other BIG GEMS determinants?

A) The socioeconomic-cultural determinant acts primarily on its own to directly produce disease.
B) The socioeconomic-cultural determinant often influences the actions of other determinants.
C) The socioeconomic-cultural determinant has little impact on the development of disease because it mainly affects the outcome of disease (death and disability).
D) All of these are accurate statements.

Answer 2

The socioeconomic-cultural determinant often influences the actions of other determinants.

Question 3

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about how income and education affect health and disease?

A) Income and education are the drivers of health outcomes and can explain the vast majority of diseases and disease outcomes.
B) Income and education are the drivers of health disparities and can often help explain the difference between the health outcomes of groups or populations.
C) Income and education have strong impacts on the occurrence of disease and disease outcomes for which we fully understand the mechanism(s).
D) Lower income and education consistently result in increased chances of disease.

Answer 3

Income and education are the drivers of health disparities and can often help explain the difference between the health outcomes of groups or populations.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the relationships between determinants of health and asthma?

A) Behavior is the most important determinant.
B) Genetics is the most important determinant.
C) Environment is the most important determinant.
D) All of the BIG GEMS determinants play a role in asthma.

Question 5

Which of the following is the least accurate statement about HIV/AIDS?

A) Because HIV is an infectious agent, infection can be considered the sole determinant of HIV/AIDS.
B) Other infections can increase the probability of becoming infected with HIV, and HIV infection can lead to other infections.
C) All the BIG GEMS determinants can play a role in HIV/AIDS.
D) All of these are accurate statements.

Question 6

Which of the following is an accurate statement?

A) Health disparities can be considered the opposite of health equity.
B) Health equity and health equality are synonyms.
C) Health equity ensures health equality.
D) All of these are accurate statements.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the social determinants of health?

A) There is a consensus on the factors that should be included in social determinants of health.
B) Social determinants of health operationalize or implement socioeconomic and cultural influences.
C) Social determinants of health have long been central to health professions education.
D) All of these are accurate statements.

Question 8

What is the most important reason for clinicians to integrate the social determinants into clinical practice?

A) So clinicians can refer patients to social service agencies.
B) So clinicians can increase their billing by coding for the social determinants.
C) So clinicians can improve patients' health and health outcomes.
D) So clinicians can comply with Medicare quality measures.

Question 9

Which of the following is most accurate regarding the SOAP note?

A) It is an acronym that stands for Subjective, Observation, Analysis, and Plan.
B) It is an acronym used for initiating a social needs referral.
C) It is an acronym used to document a clinical procedure.
D) It is an acronym that stands for Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about taking a social determinants history?

A) Screening should be done verbally by a social worker or trained staff member.
B) Screening should be done in the exam room by the clinician.
C) A screening questionnaire may be less stigmatizing than being verbally asked questions.
D) A screening questionnaire should include no more than six questions.

Question 11

Community-level data can help us learn about the social determinants in our patients' neighborhoods. Which of the following is considered to be a Community Vital Sign?

A) No car
B) Income below the poverty level
C) Single parent
D) Less than 12 years of schooling
E) All of these are correct.

Question 12

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 3 Buckets of Prevention model helps us develop a plan for addressing the social determinants. Which of the following is an example of Bucket 1, traditional clinical prevention, for a patient with pre-diabetes?

A) Medications to treat diabetes
B) Diet and exercise counseling
C) Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages
D) Walkable, safe communities

Question 13

A community health worker can assist with Bucket 2, innovative clinical prevention or services that extend care outside the clinical setting. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the role of a community health worker?

A) A trusted member of the community who advocates for policy change
B) A trusted member of the community who helps link patients to health and social services
C) A professional who addresses legal problems that adversely affect health
D) A professional who works to create safe and healthy communities

Question 14

Which of the following is an evidence-based policy recommendation to improve community-wide health, Bucket 3?

A) Smoke-free policies
B) Asthma action plans
C) Home visits to assess for risk factors
D) Group visits for prenatal care