Deck 1: Psychology Concepts and Personalities: Understanding Human Behavior and Motivation

Question 1

The ego's need for immediate gratification is known as the _____________

A)pleasure principle
B)defense mechanism
C)anxiety
D)introversion

Answer 1

pleasure principle

Question 2

An individual who has achieved __________ is happy, autonomous, and creative.

A)constructive alternativism
B)libido
C)self-actualization
D)reinforcement

Answer 2

self-actualization

Question 3

A method of learning that involves the conditioning of new stimuli to existing responses is________________

A)counter conditioning
B)extinction
C)modeling
D)classical conditioning

Answer 3

classical conditioning

Question 4

Freud believed that human behaviour is primarily motivated by the psychosexual energy he called_______________.

A)ego
B)libido
C)commitment
D)none

Question 5

The unpleasantness of _________ motivates individuals to avoid or reduce inconsistencies in cognitive structure.

A)life space
B)cognitive dissonance
C)self-actualization
D)traits

Question 6

A counselor might use systematic desensitization to help reduce the ___________experienced by an agoraphobic client.

A)anxiety
B)depression
C)psychosis
D)mania

Question 7

In Jung's theory, ______ is the tendency toward subjective functioning, with the self being of greatest importance

A)introversion
B)extraversion
C)extinction
D)shaping

Question 8

Behaviour modification programs in schools or group homes often use _____________ to motivate participants.

A)shaping
B)token economy
C)modeling
D)conditioning

Question 9

Through ____________ undesirable behaviour may be eliminated.

A)counter conditioning
B)extinction
C)modeling
D)reinforcement

Question 10

Adler is related to :

A)vicarious conditioning
B)stage theory of development
C)use of family constellation
D)traits and values

Question 11

Allport is related to :

A)vicarious conditioning,
B)stage theory of development,
C)use of family constellation,
D)traits and values

Question 12

Bandura is related to :

A)vicarious conditioning,
B)stage theory of development,
C)use of family constellation,
D)traits and values

Question 13

Cattell is related to :

A)16 personality factor,
B)stage theory of development,
C)use of family constellation,
D)traits and values

Question 14

Erickson is related to :

A)16 personality factor,
B)stage theory of development,
C)use of family constellation,
D)traits and values

Question 15

Festinger is related to :

A)16 personality factor,
B)stage theory of development,
C)cognitive dissonance,
D)id, ego, superego

Question 16

Freud is related to :

A)stage theory of development,
B)cognitive dissonance,
C)id, ego, superego
D)introversion - extroversion

Question 17

Jung is related to :

A)introversion - extroversion,
B)stage theory of development,
C)cognitive dissonance,
D)id, ego, superego

Question 18

Social learning theory uses the concept of modeling to explain some aspect of human behavior. The concept that best explains how modeling works within this theory is

A)primary reinforcement
B)secondary reinforcement
C)vicarious reinforcement
D)intermittent reinforcement

Question 19

Counselors who follow Maslow's theory believe people's behaviors are directed by

A)oral gratification
B)pleasure principle
C)pleasing others
D)need gratification

Question 20

Motivation and reinforcement may come from within a person or from sources external to the person. According to Rotter, people's behaviour is determined by their belief that reinforcements are either internally or externally controlled. This concept is called

A)locus of control
B)reinforcement contingency
C)goal orientation
D)expectancy level

Question 21

A client who reverts to old behaviour patterns is said to be

A)projecting
B)compensating
C)actualizing
D)regressing

Question 22

As a counselor in a community mental health centre, you receive a pay check every other Friday. This is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

A)variable interval
B)fixed interval
C)variable ratio
D)fixed ratio

Question 23

Jung's work forms the basis for many personality concepts of interest today. Among these are

A)introversion-extroversion
B)collective unconscious
C)individuation
D)all the above