Deck 73: The Child or Adolescent With Special Needs

Question 1

The nurse is providing client teaching for an adolescent diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which teaching point should the nurse include?

A) Avoid playing contact sports during the acute phase of the illness.
B) Be sure to finish the entire course of antibiotics even if symptoms disappear.
C) Arrange to have schooling at home for the next 3 to 4 months.
D) Wash your towels and clothes separately from the rest of the family.

Answer 1

Avoid playing contact sports during the acute phase of the illness.

Question 2

Which information should the nurse provide to the parents of a child diagnosed with Lyme disease?

A) The bacteria are transmitted to humans through the wood tick.
B) All clients with Lyme disease develop the rash over the skin.
C) Symptoms appear immediately following the tick bite.
D) It can lead to the development of angina and facial palsy.

Answer 2

It can lead to the development of angina and facial palsy.

Question 3

The camp nurse is teaching campers how to prevent Lyme disease. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?

A) Wear dark-colored clothing.
B) Wear sandals instead of sneakers.
C) Use tweezers to remove a tick.
D) Do not use spray repellants on children.

Answer 3

Use tweezers to remove a tick.

Question 4

A 15-year-old boy visits the healthcare facility for information on acne. Which information should the nurse tell him about acne vulgaris?

A) It is slightly more common in girls than in boys.
B) It is caused by a lack of sebum secretion.
C) It is not influenced significantly by the client's diet.
D) It is not influenced by stress and hormonal changes.

Question 5

The nurse is teaching an adolescent about medications to treat his acne. Which is a nursing consideration for the use of topical and systemic agents?

A) Topical agents, when combined with other agents, may cause excessive oiliness of skin.
B) Topical agents may cause bleaching of hair or clothing.
C) Tetracycline should be taken 2 hours before, or 1 hour after, any food consumption.
D) Retinoic acid, a topical agent, is available in many over-the-counter topical agents.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with impetigo contagiosa. What is a nursing intervention for preventing the spread of infection?

A) Keep the child's towels and linens away from others.
B) Use only warm water to remove crusts.
C) Use antifungal medication, as necessary.
D) Avoid exposure to sunlight.

Question 7

Which is a long-term goal for treatment of a 15-year-old's acne vulgaria?

A) Client will identify the causes of acne and preventive measures.
B) Client will verbalize measures for appropriate skin care and control of acne.
C) Client will describe acne and its treatment measures.
D) Client will verbalize a decrease in lesions by next visit.

Question 8

What is a guideline for the care of tinea pedis?

A) Expose the feet to air whenever possible.
B) Apply antifungal medication between baths.
C) Do not expose feet to sunlight.
D) Keep wearing the same shoes until the infection subsides.

Question 9

An 8-year-old client with abnormal posture is diagnosed with functional scoliosis. What nursing intervention should the nurse implement when caring for the client?

A) The client is provided with counseling to improve posture.
B) Encourage the client to stand or sit up straight.
C) Restrict the client from activities that require exercise.
D) Encourage the family to assist the client with activities of daily living.

Question 10

A parent brings his son to a community clinic with concerns about his posture. On assessment, the nurse notes that there is an abnormal curvature of the thoracic spine that results in a "hunchback" appearance. What disorder would the nurse suspect?

A) Lordosis
B) Kyphosis
C) Scoliosis
D) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Question 11

An 8-year-old client is diagnosed with stage II Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. What are the characteristics of this disease at this stage?

A) Deposit of new connective tissue because of new blood supply
B) Interruption of circulation to hip joint, resulting in necrosis of the femoral head
C) Granulation of new bone replaces connective tissue
D) Regeneration and completion of bone growth; shape of joint fixed

Question 12

A 12-year-old child has been recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. Which information should the nurse provide the family?

A) Diabetics are at a higher risk for gaining weight.
B) Adolescent clients often rebel against treatment.
C) Diabetics should avoid frequent physical exertion.
D) Self-administration of insulin should be discouraged.

Question 13

Which is a classic childhood symptom of diabetes mellitus type 1?

A) Decrease in urinary output
B) Loss of appetite
C) Decrease in desire for fluids
D) Weight loss

Question 14

Which statement accurately describes a characteristic observed in clients diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa?

A) Cataracts and glaucoma are uncommon in clients with retinitis pigmentosa.
B) Retinitis pigmentosa generally occurs owing to a viral infection of the eye.
C) Retinitis pigmentosa is often associated with hearing disorders.
D) The client is advised to avoid using dark glasses during the day.

Question 15

Which observation is commonly observed in clients diagnosed with juvenile glaucoma?

A) Abnormally high intraocular pressure
B) Abnormally low intraocular pressure
C) Retinal degeneration that causes blindness
D) Night blindness

Question 16

Which is a prominent symptom of chronic ulcerative colitis?

A) Severe diarrhea that may be bloody
B) Severe abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant
C) Eye damage and decreased vision
D) Hip pain or soreness

Question 17

What is the recommended treatment for primary dysmenorrhea?

A) Cold compresses on the abdominal area
B) NSAIDs 1 to 2 days before menses begin
C) Hot baths
D) Antibiotic therapy

Question 18

An adolescent is diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which is a characteristic of this disorder?

A) It is an extended attack of irresistible sleep.
B) It is caused by an underlying physical condition.
C) It interrupts nighttime sleep.
D) It is accompanied by an early appearance of REM sleep.

Question 19

A mother brings her 9-year-old son to a community health clinic with concerns about his sleep habits. The mother tells the nurse that her son walks in his sleep in the middle of the night and doesn't recall it in the morning. What condition is the mother describing?

A) Somniloquism
B) Insomnia
C) Somnambulism
D) Narcolepsy

Question 20

A 12-year-old client is diagnosed with sleep apnea. Which is a symptom of this disorder?

A) Sleep walking without recall of event
B) Uncontrollable urge for prolonged sleep
C) Brief attacks of irresistible sleep
D) Breathing stops for short periods of time during sleep

Question 21

Which statement accurately describes anorexia nervosa?

A) There is usually a long-term history of being underweight.
B) Weight loss is associated with an underlying physical cause.
C) Extreme and persistent hunger is an important sign.
D) Even slight weight gain is followed by depression.

Question 22

Which is a life-threatening complication of anorexia nervosa?

A) High blood pressure
B) Bradycardia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Respiratory arrest

Question 23

Which disorder is characterized by loss of control during overeating, followed by purging?

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Obesity
C) Enuresis
D) Bulimia Nervosa

Question 24

When considering teenage obesity, what information should the nurse provide to the teen and parents?

A) Obesity is often related to an underlying disease.
B) Calorie intake needs to be reduced by at least 5%.
C) Obesity is often caused by slow thyroid function.
D) Obesity usually increases the risk of developing lordosis.

Question 25

During the routine medical examination of a 5-year-old client, the client's parents ask the nurse for suggestions regarding a nutritious diet for their child. What suggestion should the nurse provide?

A) Provide a maximum of 500 mg of cholesterol daily.
B) Encourage the child to learn by himself about good food choices.
C) Instruct the parents to provide only 10% of calories from fat.
D) Instruct the parents to introduce new foods in small servings.

Question 26

The nurse is teaching an adolescent diagnosed with type 1 diabetes how to plan a nutritious menu related to her disease state. What information should the nurse provide this client and parents?

A) Children with diabetes need a diet rich in protein.
B) Children with diabetes need regular and consistent meals.
C) Children with diabetes need extra sugar in their diets.
D) Children with diabetes need extra fat in their diets.