Deck 4: Global Health: A Community Perspective

Question 1

The nurse is considering seeking a position with the World Health Organization (WHO). Which presents the best example for defining health per WHO?

A) 72-year-old woman with well-managed diabetes who walks 2 miles (3 kilometers) every day and takes classes at the local community college
B) 20-year-old man with no significant history of disease who smokes, works a stressful job, and is sedentary
C) 50-year-old woman with no health complaints who has alcohol use disorder, lives alone with little social contact, and is obese
D) 98-year-old man with dementia who resides in an assisted living facility

Answer 1

72-year-old woman with well-managed diabetes who walks 2 miles (3 kilometers) every day and takes classes at the local community college

Question 2

The nurse collects specific data related to risk factors, health indicators, and health outcomes that determine the burden of disease. Which data should the nurse prioritize to complete the HALE component?

A) Average number of years a newborn is expected to live if current mortality rates continue to apply
B) Average number of years that a person can expect to live in "full health" by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury
C) Quantifying the burden of disease to a healthy life on the basis of the loss of years related to the burden of disease. The gap in years reflects the current state of health compared with an optimum state of health of a nation.
D) Quantifying the burden of acute illness to a healthy life on the basis of the loss of years related to the burden of acute illness. The gap in years reflects the current state of health compared with an optimum state of health of a nation.

Answer 2

Average number of years that a person can expect to live in "full health" by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury

Question 3

The nrse is preparing a presentation about the World Health Organization's World Health Statistics Report for 2016. Which trend should the nurse point out is currently relevant?

A) 4.2 million children die before reaching the age of 5 years
B) 303,000 women die due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth
C) 1.7 million people need treatment for neglected tropical disease
D) 1.25 million people die from train accident injuries

Answer 3

303,000 women die due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth

Question 4

A team of nurses are developing an organization that will help provide healthcare in third world countries. Which risk factors for poor health should the nurses be prepared to deal with as they implement their program? (Select all that apply.)

A) Burning of wood and dung for cooking and heat
B) Low status of women
C) Sedentary lifestyle
D) Not wrapping an infant immediately after birth
E) Overconsumption of fatty foods

Question 5

The nurse is assigned to prepare the yearly goals for the community health agency in a developing nation. Which goals, on the basis of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals should the nurse incorporate? (Select all that apply.)

A) Initiate an afterschool sports program at every school in the nation to increase physical activity among children.
B) Distribute a mosquito bed net to every home in the nation.
C) Provide one million free allergy shots to people at highest risk.
D) Increase the number of girls who attend primary schools by 100%.
E) Provide training on prevention of postpartum hemorrhage to all healthcare workers.

Question 6

The community health nurse works in a low-income country. The nurse's primary concern is to decrease the incidence of malaria. Which intervention should the nurse pursue?

A) Fuel alternatives to burning wood and dung
B) Sanitized drinking water
C) Education regarding contraception use
D) Distribution of and education on the daily use of insecticide-treated bed nets

Question 7

A nurse has recently begun providing care to a community in a low-income country. Which factors will this nurse discover most likely contributes to a rise in noncommunicable diseases? (Select all that apply.)

A) Tobacco use
B) Insufficient physical activity
C) Unclean water
D) Cardiovascular disease
E) Lack of contraceptive use

Question 8

The parish community health nurse is assigned to prepare the goals for a 6-month mission trip to a developing nation. Which challenge to the Sustainable Development Goals should the nurse prioritize?

A) Child mortality has increased 21% since 1990
B) The percentage of people living on less than $0.25 a day rose from 22% in 1990 to 47% in 2010
C) The number of children out of school worldwide increased from 57 million to 102 million
D) 793 million people still do not consume enough food to meet their nutritional energy requirements

Question 9

A nurse is preparing a project for a local health fair. Which factor should the nurse prioritize when illustrating Smith's eudaimonistic model?

A) Elimination of disease or symptoms
B) A fit between people and social roles
C) Adaptation to the environment
D) Actualization or realization of human potential

Question 10

A public health nurse is preparing a report exploring the various health factors of the local community. Which factor will the nurse prioritize as determinants of health? (Select all that apply.)

A) Living in a community with clean, fluoridated water
B) Having a death rate of 500 per 100,000 population
C) Living in neighborhood with a high crime rate
D) Smoking two packs of cigarettes per day
E) Having an infant mortality rate of 95 deaths per 1,000 live births

Question 11

The nurse works to discover epidemiologic transitions in the community. Which factor exemplifies an epidemiologic transition?

A) High fertility and high mortality, resulting in slow population growth
B) Improvement in hygiene and nutrition, leading to a decreased burden of infectious disease
C) High and fluctuating mortality, due to poor health, epidemics, and famine
D) Mortality declines and, later, fertility declines

Question 12

The nurse is trying to analyze the various factors within the community. Which risk factor should the nurse point out that is associated with overall health?

A) Allergy
B) Traumatic injury
C) Air pollution
D) Down syndrome

Question 13

The nurse recently learned that more than 100 infants and children in the community have received vaccinations at the health clinic in the past month. These data are an example of which health indicator?

A) Morbidity and mortality
B) Risk factors
C) Health service coverage
D) Health system resources

Question 14

A community health nurse visits a village in Chad. The nurse has just finished assessing a 10-year-old girl who reports always being hungry. She lives in a home with her mother and father, who both work. She says she's never been to a healthcare provider before. Which level of poverty should the nurse most suspect in this girl and her family?

A) Middle
B) Moderate
C) Relative
D) Extreme

Question 15

The community health nurse manager works to determine how to manage the local health workforce shortage effectively. Using the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations, which suggestion should the nurse manager prioritize to the agency?

A) Increase the agency's investment in the education and training of new healthcare workers
B) Offer incentives to attract workers to thriving urban areas
C) Attract men to the health professions
D) Provide cures for common health problems to reduce demand for health services

Question 16

The nurse manager at a healthcare facility in a developing nation regularly loses nurses to positions in developed nations. According to the World Health Organization, which action would be most appropriate for the nurse manager to implement to address this problem?

A) Lobby for local legislation that prevents migration of healthcare workers.
B) Encourage the facility to build workforce capacity within the country.
C) Institute HIV prevention measures and treatment for health workers.
D) Treat expatriate workers with the same dignity and respect as all healthcare workers.

Question 17

In a healthcare facility, a client is regarded as being healthy if he or she has no diagnosed diseases and is free of any symptoms. Which model of health is prioritized at this facility?

A) Clinical model
B) Role performance model
C) Adaptive model
D) Eudaimonistic model

Question 18

A client reluctantly came to the clinic only after his daughter insisted that he do so. The nurse finds that he has type 2 diabetes. When the nurse explains that he has a serious condition, the client brushes it off and says, "I can still work and provide for my family. I'm not sick." Which model of health has this client adopted?

A) Clinical model
B) Role performance model
C) Adaptive model
D) Eudaimonistic model

Question 19

The nurse works to identify epidemiologic transitions in the community. Which example would the nurse interpret as a demographic transition?

A) High fertility and high mortality, resulting in slow population growth
B) Progressive declines in mortality, as epidemics become less frequent
C) High and fluctuating mortality, due to poor health, epidemics, and famine
D) Further declines in mortality, increasing life expectancy, and predominance of noncommunicable diseases

Question 20

The nurse is migrating from a developing nation to a developed nation. Which action of the nurse will result in the most benefit for the nurse's home country? (Select all that apply.)

A) Returns to the home country with advanced practice skills
B) Returns to the home country and teach others what was learned
C) Shares with the new coworkers nursing practices unique to the nurse's home country
D) Earn more money in the position in the new country
E) Is safer from exposure to HIV in the new country

Question 21

The community health nurse in a low-income country is working to decrease the incidence of diarrheal illnesses. Which intervention would most likely best produce the best results?

A) Providing fuel alternatives to burning wood and dung
B) Providing sanitized drinking water
C) Education regarding contraception use
D) Distribution of and education on the daily use of insecticide-treated bed nets