Deck 18: Underserved Populations

Question 1

The public health nurse is evaluating the community in the effort to determine the underserved members with the goal of decreasing their risk for health problems. Which factors should the nurse evaluate to determine who belongs to this group? (Select all that apply.)

A) Age
B) Gender
C) Sociocultural status
D) Political affiliation
E) Religion

Answer 1

Age
Gender
Sociocultural status

Question 2

The Healthy People 2020 initiatives strive to improve the health of all individuals. Which group is the focus of special attention and creative solutions to counter the health disparities and social injustice against them?

A) Older adults
B) People with acute infectious diseases
C) People recovering from traumatic accidents
D) Mentally ill people

Answer 2

Mentally ill people

Question 3

The nursing instructor has presented the basic information that is utilized to define the different types of populations. Which factors should the students now point out are utilized to define a rural population? (Select all that apply.)

A) Administrative
B) Religious
C) Land use
D) Political
E) Economic

Answer 3

Administrative
Land use
Economic

Question 4

The public health nurse is relocating to an area that is currently classified as a medically underserved region. Which situation will the nurse most likely encounter in this new position?

A) A geographic area, population group, or medical facility with shortages of healthcare professionals to the degree that a full complement of healthcare services is not possible
B) An area with a lack of medical care services as determined by the number of primary medical care healthcare providers per 1,000 population, infant mortality rate, percentage of the population with incomes below the poverty level, and percentage of the population 65 years or older
C) A U.S. federal designation for those populations that face economic, cultural, or linguistic barriers to accessing primary medical care services
D) A subgroup of the population that has a higher risk of developing health problems because of marginalization

Question 5

The nurse visits a community health clinic in a remote rural area, at which emergency care is not provided because the facility lacks the medical staff necessary to offer such services. Which category will be most appropriate for this clinic?

A) Health professional shortage area
B) Medically underserved area
C) Medically underserved population
D) Underserved population

Question 6

The public health nurse supervises a clinic in a rural area. Which factor can this nurse point out is a common concern?

A) Only about 5% of healthcare providers practice in rural America despite that nearly one fourth of the population lives in these areas.
B) Although only one third of all motor vehicle accidents occur in rural areas, two thirds of the deaths attributed to these accidents occur on rural roads.
C) Rural residents are nearly three times as likely to die from unintentional injuries other than motor vehicle accidents than are urban residents.
D) Abuse of alcohol and use of smokeless tobacco is a significant problem among rural older adults.

Question 7

The nursing student is creating a poster which will depict the top rural health priorities to meet the goals of Healthy People 2020. Which order should the student list the goals on this poster?

A) (1) Access to quality healthcare; (2) mental health and mental disorders; (3) diabetes; (4) heart disease
B) (1) Mental health and mental disorders; (2) access to quality healthcare; (3) heart disease; (4) diabetes
C) (1) Diabetes; (2) heart disease; (3) mental health and mental disorders; (4) access to quality healthcare
D) (1) Access to quality healthcare; (2) heart disease; (3) diabetes; (4) mental health and mental disorders

Question 8

When speaking with an older man in a rural community about his lifelong smoking habit, the nurse is alarmed to learn that he has never heard that cigarette smoking is the major cause of lung cancer. Which of the seven A's of challenges to elders in rural areas would the nurse point out is represented in this situation?

A) Availability
B) Accessibility
C) Affordability
D) Awareness

Question 9

While visiting the home of an 89-year-old woman out in the country, the nurse learns that her primary care provider's office is one hour's drive away. The client states, "I've just stopped going in for appointments in the past few years. It's just too far for me to drive by myself." This situation exemplifies which of the seven A's of challenges to elders in rural areas?

A) Availability
B) Accessibility
C) Affordability
D) Awareness

Question 10

The Children's Defense Fund supports initiatives at the individual, family, community, organizational, and government levels. Which strategy should the nurse point out is at the family level?

A) Mentor a child in a READ program
B) Volunteer with children who are homeless or in foster care
C) Create daily homework routines and limit television viewing
D) Vote in every election and advocate for children

Question 11

The Children's Defense Fund supports initiatives at the individual, family, community, organizational, and government levels. Encouraging families to spend quality time together by hosting a movie or game night at a local church is an example of a strategy at which level?

A) Family
B) Community
C) Organizational
D) Government

Question 12

The Children's Defense Fund supports initiatives at the individual, family, community, organizational, and government levels. Which strategies are prioritized at the government level? (Select all that apply.)

A) Provide free tax filing assistance to low-income working families.
B) Educate families about how they can apply for food stamps, Head Start, federal nutrition programs, and other similar benefits.
C) Ensure children in foster care and detention receive quality treatment to address their mental, behavioral, and emotional needs.
D) Promote high-quality children's television programming and access to other quality electronic media.
E) Start a halfway house and counseling program for youth who have run away.

Question 13

In the United States, detention centers, jails, and prisons are places that provide safety to the public by incarcerating people who have committed crimes and who are deemed a threat to society. Which demographics would the nurse predict to find is true of the majority of inmates? (Select all that apply.)

A) Incarcerated for violent crimes
B) Latino or African American
C) Average age of 37 years
D) Serving sentences of more than 10 years
E) Male gender

Question 14

A nurse is assessing a client who was recently released from prison. Which crime would the nurse most suspect that the client may have committed?

A) Murder
B) Rape
C) Assault
D) Drug possession and trafficking

Question 15

The nurse works at a clinic in Arizona that provides bilingual (English and Spanish) care to low-income immigrant workers from Mexico. Which designation most accurately describes the area or the population this nurse serves?

A) Health professional shortage area
B) Medically underserved area
C) Medically underserved population
D) Inmates

Question 16

The state public health department is comparing the latest census with the designation of state communities. Which communities would qualify as an urbanized area according to the U.S. Census Bureau? (Select all that apply.)

A) A central city with population of 30,000 and surrounding densely settled territory with a population of 25,000 with a combined population density of 500 people per square mile
B) A central city with population of 50,000 and surrounding densely settled territory with a population of 10,000 with a combined population density of 750 people per square mile
C) A central city with population of 25,000 and surrounding densely settled territory with a population of 25,000 with a combined population density of 1,100 people per square mile
D) A central city with population of 20,000 and surrounding densely settled territory with a population of 30,000 with a combined population density of 1,250 people per square mile
E) A central city with population of 100,000 and surrounding densely settled territory with a population of 50,000 with a combined population density of 1,500 people per square mile

Question 17

An older woman in a rural health clinic tells the nurse that this is the first time she's been in a medical facility for more than 10 years. She shows signs of advanced diabetes, including significant necrosis in her feet. When asked why she didn't come in sooner, she says, "I don't drive, myself, and I hate asking my son to bring me---I feel like such a burden." This situation exemplifies which of the seven A's of challenges to elders in rural areas?

A) Awareness
B) Adequacy
C) Acceptability
D) Assessment

Question 18

The public health nurse is meeting with the school nurses from the county to discuss the various health concerns. When addressing the various issues for families living in poverty, what percentage of rural children will this group find meet this criterion?

A) 14%
B) 24%
C) 34%
D) 44%

Question 19

A nurse has relocated from a rural hospital to a larger urban hospital and is noting some differences in the care being provided to the clients. Which most accurately characterizes the difference the Medicare clients with acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) who were treated in rural hospital where the nurse used to work? (Select all that apply.)

A) Less likely to experience an opportunistic infection than those in urban hospitals
B) Less likely to receive recommended treatments than those in urban hospitals
C) More likely to have a second AMI within a month of the first than those in urban hospitals
D) Have significantly higher adjusted 30-day post-AMI death rates from all causes than those in urban hospitals
E) Experience faster recovery times than those in urban hospitals

Question 20

The nurse has contacted the Children's Defense Fund for support hosting a health fair to ensure all children who are eligible for Medicaid or state children's health insurance program are enrolled. Which level is the nurse utilizing?

A) Family
B) Community
C) Organization
D) Government

Question 21

The public health nurse is concerned that certain members of the community are slipping through the cracks and are not receiving adequate healthcare. How can the nurse utilize genomics to help improve care to the underserved populations? (Select all that apply.)

A) Identify increased risk in certain populations for specific diseases
B) Boost the immune system of individuals in the community
C) Predict how a community might metabolize medications
D) Reduce the cost of medications
E) Predict a community's unique vulnerability to environmental changes that can control gene expression in some diseases