Deck 11: Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Question 1

According to Sternberg, love relies on three primary elements: intimacy, __________, and commitment.

A) affection
B) passion
C) cognition
D) respect

Answer 1

passion

Question 2

Within Sternberg's triangular model of love, the __________ component includes trust, caring, warmth, and honesty.

A) affection
B) passion
C) intimacy
D) respect

Answer 2

intimacy

Question 3

According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, the _____________ component involves sexual desire and physical attraction.

A) affection
B) passion
C) cognition
D) respect

Answer 3

passion

Question 4

Grayson thinks Dylan is very attractive and finds herself thinking about his smile (and his terrific body) constantly. Grayson's feelings for Dylan best typify the _________ component of love in Sternberg's model.

A) eros
B) storge
C) cognition
D) passion

Question 5

When we feel chemistry for someone, Sternberg says we are high in

A) eros.
B) storge.
C) passion.
D) intimacy.

Question 6

Elizabeth likes that she can tell Blake anything, and for him, the feeling is mutual. According to Sternberg, Elizabeth and Blake are high in the ________ component of love.

A) eros
B) storge
C) passion
D) intimacy

Question 7

Darren has asked his fiancée to marry him, and she has agreed. According to Sternberg, Darren's conscious decision to maintain this relationship over the long term is also known as

A) eros.
B) commitment.
C) passion.
D) intimacy.

Question 8

Strong attraction or passion for another without intimacy or commitment is also known as

A) liking.
B) infatuation.
C) empty love.
D) intimacy.

Question 9

When intimacy is the only component present, Sternberg refers to the relationship style as

A) liking.
B) infatuation.
C) empty love.
D) intimacy.

Question 10

The three primary elements of intimacy, passion, and commitment are often thought of as the ___________, physical, and cognitive aspects of love.

A) empty
B) emotional
C) romantic
D) passionate

Question 11

By combining the primary elements of intimacy and passion, you get the ________ pattern of loving.

A) empty
B) emotional
C) romantic
D) passionate

Question 12

Xavier is committed to his relationship with Augusta even though he no longer feels passion and intimacy with her. This is also known as __________ love.

A) empty
B) emotional
C) romantic
D) passionate

Question 13

Mr. and Mrs. Stevens have been married for 35 years. Their kids think their relationship is without passion and intimacy or typical of __________ love, when, in fact, it is full of intimacy and commitment, which is indicative of __________ love.

A) emotional; empty
B) emotional; romantic
C) empty; companionate
D) passion; storge

Question 14

When couples have relationships that include intimacy and commitment but no passion, Sternberg refers to it as __________ love.

A) committed
B) empty
C) companionate
D) romantic

Question 15

Sammy and Deidre married within six weeks of meeting. Their relationship has commitment and passion, but no intimacy. It is also known as ________ love.

A) fatuous
B) empty
C) companionate
D) romantic

Question 16

According to Sternberg, __________ relationships are made up of all three elements of love.

A) consummate
B) empty
C) companionate
D) romantic

Question 17

Compared to Sternberg's perspective on love relationships, Lee focuses on

A) secondary love styles only.
B) individual love styles.
C) the interactions between those involved.
D) intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Question 18

According to Lee, _________ love focuses primarily on physical attraction and has a strong sense of passion.

A) ludus
B) eros
C) storge
D) passion

Question 19

Individuals who see love as a game of skill and strategy have a _________ love style.

A) ludus
B) eros
C) storge
D) passion

Question 20

According to Lee, the ludus lover is interested in a relationship high in

A) passion.
B) stability.
C) practicality.
D) game-playing.

Question 21

According to Lee, storge love is characterized by

A) obsession, desperation, and possession.
B) stability, strong friendship, and mutual respect.
C) objective evaluation of advantages and disadvantages.
D) passion-centered love.

Question 22

Jeff takes pride in his ability to get women to fall for him, although he has no intention of commitment. Which of Lee's love styles best characterizes this behavior?

A) Eros
B) Ludus
C) Storge
D) Passion

Question 23

Individuals with a(n) _________ love style weigh the benefits and costs of a particular relationship.

A) eros
B) ludus
C) storge
D) pragma

Question 24

Lee's secondary love style, pragma, is a combination of _________ and ludus primary love styles.

A) storge
B) pragma
C) eros
D) agape

Question 25

Susan has a difficult time trusting her partner and spends much of her time engaging in obsessive, desperate, and possessive behaviors. This love style is known as

A) storge.
B) pragma.
C) mania.
D) agape.

Question 26

A(n) ___________ love style involves a deep abiding love that is passionate and selfless.

A) storge
B) pragma
C) mania
D) agape

Question 27

___________ and storge love styles combine to form the deep abiding love that is passionate and selfless.

A) Eros
B) Pragma
C) Mania
D) Agape

Question 28

Jessica has a passionate, unconditional love for her husband, Harrison. She never has a concern for reciprocity. Lee would describe their love as

A) eros.
B) pragma.
C) mania.
D) agape.

Question 29

Mason is literally getting ready to marry the girl next door. He and Sierra grew up in the same neighborhood, and their parents were friends. The idea that we are attracted to individuals who live nearby is called the ________ effect.

A) eros
B) association
C) attractiveness
D) proximity

Question 30

One reason individuals who live in close proximity to us or who attend similar classes are perceived as more attractive is because we see them more frequently. This is known as the _________ effect.

A) eros
B) proximity
C) mere exposure
D) association

Question 31

The __________ effect finds people tend to like others more when they have seen them more frequently, even if they haven't spoken to the person.

A) attraction
B) mere exposure
C) similarity
D) complementarity

Question 32

Women's preferences for men with healthy and physically attractive characteristics are highest when women are

A) menopausal.
B) tired.
C) pregnant.
D) fertile.

Question 33

According to your text, research on physical attractiveness indicates that women are more likely to achieve orgasm with a _________ male partner.

A) familiar
B) tired
C) previous
D) symmetrical

Question 34

There is a relationship between the prevalence of food in a culture and perceptions of female beauty in that as food becomes

A) more plentiful, heavier women are perceived as more attractive.
B) less plentiful, thinner women are perceived as more attractive.
C) less plentiful, heavier women are perceived as more attractive.
D) more plentiful, older women are perceived as more attractive.

Question 35

According to the ____________ hypothesis, we tend to pursue others we think are in about the same category as us in attractiveness as long as they reciprocate our interest.

A) matching
B) dating
C) opposites attract
D) attractiveness

Question 36

According to the ______________ theory, we want the best we can get from relationships and may need to trade what we have for something the partner is offering.

A) social matching
B) dating forever
C) social attractiveness
D) social exchange

Question 37

Seeing a significantly older woman on a date with a much younger man may remind us of _____________theory, which suggests we may trade what we have for something the partner is offering.

A) social exchange
B) dating forever
C) social attractiveness
D) social matching

Question 38

Compared to women, men rank the characteristic of physical attractiveness as

A) less important.
B) more important.
C) equally important.
D) unimportant.

Question 39

According to your text, when it comes to self-monitoring, men who are high self-monitors rank the characteristic of physical attractiveness as

A) less important.
B) more important.
C) equally important.
D) unimportant.

Question 40

In addition to physical attractiveness, _________, or the degree to which we are like someone, is related to attraction.

A) similarity
B) dissimilarity
C) opposites attract
D) mere exposure

Question 41

Sam and Michael are similar in that they have comparable values concerning education and family. This is an example of ___________ similarity.

A) demographic
B) attitude
C) personality
D) lifetime

Question 42

One theory on why attitude similarity predicts relationship satisfaction involves the idea that dating someone with similar beliefs __________our own perspective.

A) changes
B) devalues
C) personalizes
D) validates

Question 43

Personality traits have a consistent impact on relationship satisfaction and this relationship is

A) strong.
B) moderate.
C) weak.
D) nonexistent.

Question 44

Rather than attitude similarity leading to marriage, it could be that

A) attitudes have become more similar by the time partners have decided to get married.
B) attitudes have become more dissimilar.
C) perceptions of similarity may be less than actual similarity.
D) influences from others make partners more similar.

Question 45

Since you can control the pace of dating in Internet dating, people may perceive their mates to be more attractive because

A) of mere exposure.
B) of dishonesty.
C) of the virtual environment.
D) they love them.

Question 46

Sammy has corresponded for six months with Maddie, a woman he met online and is planning to meet. According to Levine (2000), what is the likely outcome?

A) They will live happily ever after.
B) Since they have corresponded longer than a month without meeting, they may deal with unrealistic expectations.
C) They will never meet.
D) One or both will move on to other partners.

Question 47

__________ love is characterized by intense arousal and absorption with a partner.

A) Intimate
B) Companionate
C) Manic
D) Passionate

Question 48

Passionate love is fueled by ___________ and cognitive factors.

A) physiological
B) evaluative
C) charismatic
D) storge

Question 49

Theresa describes her love for her husband as intensely arousing and overwhelming. According to Hendrick (2004), this is characteristic of _______ love.

A) passionate
B) manic
C) companionate
D) intimate

Question 50

Harriet reports feeling giddy whenever she thinks about her boyfriend. The giddiness is related to neurochemicals such as _______ and ________, which stimulates us and promotes feelings of attraction.

A) estrogen; testosterone
B) dopamine; estrogen
C) PEA (phenylethylmine); testosterone
D) dopamine; PEA (phenylethylmine)

Question 51

From a physiological perspective, the decline in passionate love characteristic of many relationships has been attributed to

A) troubles in the relationship.
B) the need of greater neurochemicals to have the same feelings and the inability to create the increasing amounts.
C) the decrease in time available to spend with one's partner.
D) the increase in time together and decrease in fantasy-based perceptions.

Question 52

Jared hasn't felt the same about Stacy for some time. He commented to his brother, "I remember when the hair on my neck stood up when she entered a room, and I wouldn't stop thinking about her. I guess I just don't love her anymore." Based on his statement, we can infer that Jared defines love as _________-based.

A) companionate
B) passion
C) friendship
D) communication

Question 53

__________ love is based on trust, mutual respect, affection, and friendship.

A) Passionate
B) Companionate
C) Manic
D) Pragmatic

Question 54

__________ love may get us into long-term relationships, but _________ love sustains them.

A) Passionate; companionate
B) Companionate; manic
C) Ludus; eros
D) Pragmatic; storge

Question 55

Earlier research on passionate love suggested that passionate love shifted to companionate love. Newer research by Tucker and Aron (1993) found

A) similar findings to previous results.
B) that companionate love continued throughout the relationship, although it did have ups and downs.
C) that passionate love continued throughout the relationship, although it did have ups and downs.
D) that few couples reported passion for their mates over the long term.

Question 56

Individuals in long-term relationships note that expressed affection and frequency of sex decline rapidly after the first year or two of marriage. How do they respond?

A) With frustration and guilt
B) With understanding and acceptance as companionate love increases
C) With resentment
D) With understanding and acceptance as companionate love decreases

Question 57

One way to decrease the decline of chemicals associated with emotional intensity is to

A) love more.
B) expose self and partner to new situations.
C) maintain familiarity and comfort in relationships.
D) break up with partner.

Question 58

According to Baumeister & Bratslavsy (1999), change in emotion rather than the emotion itself

A) interrupts the success of a relationship.
B) causes a breakup.
C) maintains familiarity and comfort in relationships.
D) fosters greater emotional connection between partners.

Question 59

Audrey and Jackson both think their relationship is in a rut and decide to take up a new hobby together: hiking. According to Baumeister & Bratslavsy (1999), this new adventure should correlate with

A) increased relationship satisfaction.
B) decreased relationship satisfaction.
C) aspects of individual happiness.
D) increased fighting.

Question 60

In general, couples giving birth in a hospital show _________ intimacy after the event.

A) increased
B) decreased
C) maintained
D) a decrease, then an increase in

Question 61

According to a study by Moran (1992), couples giving birth at home show _________ intimacy after the event.

A) increased
B) decreased
C) maintained
D) a decrease then an increase in

Question 62

According to Hiller (2004) and Uvnas-Moberg (1998), the hormone _______ is released in both men and women during sex, and it __________ pair bonding.

A) testosterone; decreases
B) estrogen; maintains
C) oxytocin; maintains
D) oxytocin; increases

Question 63

At the center of Gottman's principles for relationship success is the need to _______ in your relationship.

A) have control
B) introduce novelty
C) understand intentions
D) create and nurture intimacy

Question 64

According to Gottman, having trust in our relationships often leads us to

A) demand more quality time.
B) take our partner for granted.
C) behave inappropriately with others.
D) interruptions in communication.

Question 65

_________ are the perceptions of our partner's likes, dislikes, hopes, and dreams. It is created out of a deep and broad awareness of that partner.

A) Love letters
B) Positive attributions
C) Love maps
D) Negative attributions

Question 66

For couples who have detailed love maps, the birth of their first child

A) maintains their existing relationship satisfaction.
B) increases their existing relationship satisfaction.
C) decreases their existing relationship satisfaction.
D) contributed to divorce.

Question 67

Justin is frustrated by the latest fight with his girlfriend, Meghan. However, he attributes the fight to her stress at work and as normal in a relationship. This is an example of a

A) love map.
B) negative attribution.
C) positive attribution.
D) misattribution.

Question 68

Positive attributions are beneficial to relationships because they

A) allow us to ignore negative feelings.
B) build and maintain supportive climates.
C) cause us to take our partners for granted.
D) increase defensiveness.

Question 69

According to Gottman, we create a(n) ___________ by making small, everyday sacrifices and by making efforts to notice and appreciate the kindnesses of our partner.

A) tit-for-tat strategy
B) reciprocal strategy
C) plus system
D) emotional bank account

Question 70

According to Gottman's work, anger in relationships is often escalated by

A) men more than women.
B) women more than men.
C) men and women equally.
D) outside sources.

Question 71

Emma was angry her roommate had forgotten to put the milk away. She shouted, "Don't you ever do anything right?" Which of Gottman's horsemen does this interaction represent?

A) Criticism
B) Contempt
C) Defensiveness
D) Stonewalling

Question 72

Darla was moving some furniture, and in the process, her dog, Sammy, ran out the front door. Rather than accepting responsibility for leaving the door open, she yelled at her husband for not closing the door. According to Gottman, this is an example of which horseman of conflict?

A) Criticism
B) Contempt
C) Defensiveness
D) Stonewalling

Question 73

Whenever Jayden brings up a heated issue she would like to resolve, her partner, Neil, refuses to respond or leaves the room. This is an example of ____________, one of Gottman's four horseman related to conflict.

A) criticism
B) contempt
C) defensiveness
D) stonewalling

Question 74

One successful way to begin a conflict discussion involves the use of I-language. According to Gottman, this is called

A) a soft startup.
B) a repair attempt.
C) self-soothing.
D) finding common groups.

Question 75

Apologizing during an argument is an example of

A) a soft startup.
B) a repair attempt.
C) self-soothing.
D) finding common groups.

Question 76

According to the text, agreeableness is associated with

A) intimacy.
B) intimacy and passion.
C) passion and commitment.
D) intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Question 77

Conscientiousness is a strong predictor of

A) intimacy and commitment.
B) passion and commitment.
C) passion and intimacy.
D) intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Question 78

According to the text, which Big Five trait is only slightly associated with passion?

A) Neuroticism
B) Introversion
C) Openness to experience
D) Extraversion

Question 79

Which Big Five trait has no association with any of Sternberg's dimensions of love?

A) Introversion
B) Extraversion
C) Openness to experience
D) Neuroticism

Question 80

Hindu philosopher Vatsayana, who is believed to be the author of the Kama Sutra, thought that people should marry for

A) love.
B) passion.
C) money.
D) commitment.