Deck 14: Revisiting Evidence-Based Practices and What Works

Question 1

Purpose or mission statements of correctional institutions vary widely, but one philosophy that is first and foremost around the country is that the corrections system

A) fulfills a public safety function.
B) punishes society's law breakers.
C) must keep its employees safe.
D) has an obligation to tax payers to keep costs as low as possible.

Answer 1

fulfills a public safety function.

Question 2

Of the following, which expectation for the corrections system is LESS important today than in the recent past?

A) Cost-efficient practices.
B) Use of evidence-based techniques.
C) Staff/inmate safety.
D) Retribution through fair and just punishment.

Answer 2

Cost-efficient practices.

Question 3

Which correctional goal is accomplished when an individual offender creates a new life with changed thinking and behaviors?

A) Rehabilitation.
B) Restoration.
C) Retribution.
D) Enforcement.

Answer 3

Rehabilitation.

Question 4

Which correctional goal is accomplished when an offender causes no further harm while under supervision?

A) Enforcement.
B) Community protection/public safety.
C) Restoration.
D) Retribution.

Question 5

Which correctional goal is accomplished when an offender successfully completes community service and restitution?

A) Enforcement.
B) Community protection.
C) Restoration.
D) Deterrence.

Question 6

Which correctional goal is accomplished when victims and others have a feeling that the offender has received his or her just deserts?

A) Enforcement.
B) Restoration.
C) Retribution.
D) Rehabilitation.

Question 7

According to the figure in Chapter 14 showing what works and what doesn't, which of the following is an example of what works?

A) Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE).
B) Long-term community supervision (more than five years).
C) Discipline-oriented boot camps.
D) Drug courts.

Question 8

According to the figure in Chapter 14 showing what works and what doesn't, which of the following is an example of what does NOT work?

A) Therapeutic communities.
B) Scared Straight programs.
C) Residential community facilities.
D) Reentry programs from prison.

Question 9

Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment can be effectively used in which of the following settings?

A) Prison.
B) Residential community programs.
C) Outpatient community programs.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 10

Which of the following factors is likely to contribute to an unsuccessful community supervision outcome for an offender?

A) Completion of treatment program.
B) Under age 30.
C) Stable employment.
D) Living with spouse and/or children.

Question 11

Which of the following prisoner-related costs is most expensive?

A) Health care.
B) Transportation.
C) Programming.
D) Food.

Question 12

What percentage of a corrections budget pays for staff salaries, wages, and benefits?

A) 13 percent.
B) 27 percent.
C) 49 percent.
D) 65 percent.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT among the three most beneficial programs compared to their costs?

A) Work release.
B) Prison industry.
C) Long-term drug treatment.
D) educational programs.

Question 14

Which of the following policies represents a shift toward rationality in corrections policy?

A) The development of "one size fits all" solutions.
B) The enforcement of strict distinctions between victim rights and offender rights.
C) The transfer of additional resources toward institutional corrections.
D) The incorporation of front-end crime prevention programs.

Question 15

Which of the following terms describes a focus on appropriate responses to the harm suffered by the victim or by the communities and reducing expensive incarceration responses?

A) Disconnected crime tactics.
B) Rational crime control policy.
C) Deliberate enforcement scheme.
D) Economically viable crime procedures.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommended changes from the "Smart on Crime" initiative?

A) Develop a single national strategy for identifying crime problems and needs across all federal districts.
B) Reduce federal prison sentence lengths for drug offenders who had no ties to gangs or large-scale criminal organizations.
C) Federal offenders not posing a threat to public safety should be eligible for alternatives to incarceration such as diversion, drug court, and other community-based efforts.
D) Increase the eligibility for inmates seeking compassionate release because of a terminal illness or because of a dire medical need.

Question 17

According to the performance-based measuring system, which of the following measures relates to the correctional performance standard of offender recidivism?

A) Inmate-on-inmate assaults and victims.
B) Positive drug tests.
C) Facility escapes.
D) Number of crime-free days.

Question 18

Which of the following allows correctional administrators to use the same database platform to collect, store, and analyze date for their institution?

A) Common-themed initiatives system.
B) Performance-based measures system.
C) State Correctional Administrators justice initiative.
D) Smart on Crime platform.

Question 19

Which of the following projects represents an example of a Justice Reinvestment project?

A) Diverting people from the prison system.
B) Increasing prison beds.
C) Opening additional prisons.
D) Improving conviction rates for reoffenders.

Question 20

Prison works to keep violent and predatory offenders from endangering the general public, but prisons do not specifically deter most offenders.

Question 21

Spending time in jail and prison reduces the risk of felony recidivism for property and drug offenders.

Question 22

Changing offender attitudes and behaviors through treatment is one of the main goals of correctional system that is tied to EBP.

Question 23

The most effective type of treatment for offenders is the cognitive behavioral approach.

Question 24

Therapeutic community graduates have lower re-arrest rates, less drug relapse, and greater employment rates than other offenders.

Question 25

Offender treatment that incorporates anger management and interpersonal problem solving has a greater impact on reducing recidivism than treatments that include victim impact and behavioral modification.

Question 26

When considering recidivism reduction, the type and duration of treatment is less important than the probation supervision itself.

Question 27

For the most effective use of money spent, higher-risk offenders should receive shorter treatment doses and less structured supervision.

Question 28

Since they are more likely to be rehabilitated, evidence-based practices suggest that treatment interventions for low-risk offenders should last longer and be more structured than are the programs for higher-risk offenders.

Question 29

The cost of incarceration varies widely according to an area's cost of living and the security level of the prison.

Question 30

About $12 million is needed each year to keep one correctional facility operational.

Question 31

Costs associated with supervision of offenders in the community compared to simply watching them in prison actually make probation more expensive than incarceration.

Question 32

A key recommendation of the "Smart on Crime"
initiative is for steps toward centralization that would provide one agenda across all federal districts so that the U.S. Attorney General can provide a national strategy for addressing crime across those districts.

Question 33

________ communities use cognitive behavioral treatment methods for drug addicts and people who have both an addiction and a mental health disorder.

Question 34

Compared with the annual cost of incarceration in state or federal prison, the cost of ________ is considerably less.

Question 35

After expenses associated with staff members' salaries, wages, and benefits, the greatest expense item in a state prison budget is for prisoner ________ care.

Question 36

Corrections ________ in the United States has become overrun by politics, union control, and emotionally based reactions to terrible tragedies.

Question 37

A(n) ________ crime control policy is one that focuses on appropriate responses to harm suffered by victims or by communities and is committed to reducing expensive incarceration responses.

Question 38

Community supervision officers who play the ________ game, a type of offender supervision that is marked by interest in tracking failure, tend to have high case turnover.

Question 39

Under the Justice ________ Initiative, federal financial assistance was provided to states interested in understanding factors driving jail and prison population growth in their state.

Question 40

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Evidence-based practice

A) A style of offender supervision where the officer is less interested in helping the offender succeed and is more interested in tracking failures and acting on rule violations.
B) A shared database that allows users to analyze their own institutional environment and compare it to other states using standardized measures.
C) Assumes behavioral change can occur only by addressing offender thinking errors.
D) Long-term peer-led programs for chronic addicts using group confrontational methods.
E) Correctional interventions for which there is consistent and solid scientific evidence showing that they work to meet the intended outcomes.

Question 41

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Cognitive behavioral treatment

A) A style of offender supervision where the officer is less interested in helping the offender succeed and is more interested in tracking failures and acting on rule violations.
B) A shared database that allows users to analyze their own institutional environment and compare it to other states using standardized measures.
C) Assumes behavioral change can occur only by addressing offender thinking errors.
D) Long-term peer-led programs for chronic addicts using group confrontational methods.
E) Correctional interventions for which there is consistent and solid scientific evidence showing that they work to meet the intended outcomes.

Question 42

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Therapeutic communities

A) A style of offender supervision where the officer is less interested in helping the offender succeed and is more interested in tracking failures and acting on rule violations.
B) A shared database that allows users to analyze their own institutional environment and compare it to other states using standardized measures.
C) Assumes behavioral change can occur only by addressing offender thinking errors.
D) Long-term peer-led programs for chronic addicts using group confrontational methods.
E) Correctional interventions for which there is consistent and solid scientific evidence showing that they work to meet the intended outcomes.

Question 43

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-"Gotcha game"

A) A style of offender supervision where the officer is less interested in helping the offender succeed and is more interested in tracking failures and acting on rule violations.
B) A shared database that allows users to analyze their own institutional environment and compare it to other states using standardized measures.
C) Assumes behavioral change can occur only by addressing offender thinking errors.
D) Long-term peer-led programs for chronic addicts using group confrontational methods.
E) Correctional interventions for which there is consistent and solid scientific evidence showing that they work to meet the intended outcomes.

Question 44

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Performance-based measures system

A) A style of offender supervision where the officer is less interested in helping the offender succeed and is more interested in tracking failures and acting on rule violations.
B) A shared database that allows users to analyze their own institutional environment and compare it to other states using standardized measures.
C) Assumes behavioral change can occur only by addressing offender thinking errors.
D) Long-term peer-led programs for chronic addicts using group confrontational methods.
E) Correctional interventions for which there is consistent and solid scientific evidence showing that they work to meet the intended outcomes.

Question 45

What are the major expectations that society has of the corrections system? What primary functions are related to each of these expectations?

Question 46

What characteristics are associated with persons who are likely to be successful when placed on community supervision? What are the characteristics of persons who are unlikely to be successful?

Question 47

Describe and discuss the benefits of a performance-based measures system.

Question 48

What factors impact the cost of incarceration and what are some cost savings best practices?

Question 49

What have state correctional department heads identified as the top four critical issues to be addressed in the near future? Are these issues that the general public are likely to agree as being among the most important issues to address in crime policy? If not, what can be done to get citizen buy-in?