Deck 5: Human Development Theories

Question 1

Carl Jung was the first to describe stages of human development throughout life.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Erikson's developmental theory perceives aging as predominantly a decline in creativity.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

In most major developmental theories conflicts are perceived as obstacles to growth.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

According to Piaget, the first stage in cognitive development involves sensori-motor processes in the infant.

Question 5

Kohlberg's original research on moral development included both boys and girls.

Question 6

According to Kohlberg, a young child's first maturational stage involves gaining family approval.

Question 7

Levinson described his theory of adult development as stages of transformation.

Question 8

Feminist developmental theorists believe that women maintain connections with others as a means of developmental growth.

Question 9

According to Goleman, emotional intelligence is a learned developmental process that begins in infancy and, with effective nurturance, continues to develop throughout life.

Question 10

Religious and spiritual development have received insufficient attention in counseling primarily because clients are reluctant to bring up their beliefs.

Question 11

Arguing from a feminist perspective, Carol Gilligan believed that under certain circumstances caring for the welfare of others takes moral precedence over justice.

Question 12

Which of the following showed the least interest in adult development theory?

A) Piaget
B) Jung
C) Erikson
D) Buehler

Question 13

The first theorist to systematically research the life cycle in development was

A) Piaget
B) Jung
C) Erikson
D) Buehler

Question 14

Who of the following wrote The Stages in Life?

A) Jung
B) Levinson
C) Sheehy
D) Gould

Question 15

What does Erikson say is the psychosocial crisis in older adults?

A) Generativity vs. stagnation
B) Intimacy vs. isolation
C) Integrity vs. despair
D) Generativity vs. despair

Question 16

Sheehy's book Passages about midlife crises was based on the work of

A) Gould and Levinson
B) Jung
C) Erikson and Dabrowski
D) Buehler

Question 17

According to feminist developmental theory, the chief difference between men and women's developmental processes relate to

A) Women need to separate, men need to control.
B) Boys learn to separate, girls learn to connect.
C) Men's perception of conflicts as potentially positive, women's perception of conflicts as potentially destructive.
D) None of the above.

Question 18

A major developmental theorist who has proposed a spiritual developmental model called stages of faith is

A) Worthington
B) Kelley
C) Fowler
D) Moody

Question 19

Steenbarger's model of human development that emphasizes the influence of the community and the world at large upon the individual is called

A) Organismic world view
B) Cultural world view
C) Extended world view
D) Contextual world view

Question 20

Which one of the following contributed most to college student development theory?

A) Levinson
B) Erikson
C) Perry
D) Beuhler

Question 21

Compare and contrast human development theories developed by men to those developed by women.

Question 22

What are the major principles common to human development theories?

Question 23

Discuss how adult development theories became prominent after theorists focused for many years only on child and adolescent development.

Question 24

According to Erikson, during each developmental stage, individuals are faced with a major crisis or conflict. Erikson believes these conflicts are potentially valuable instigators for growth. Explain.

Question 25

Discuss Fowler's and Moody's proposals of religious and spiritual development. Why is it important for counselors to be aware of them?

Question 26

Describe the basic concepts underlying Goleman's views about emotional intelligence. Summarize the stages of emotional development.

Question 27

Describe Kohlberg's major contributions to moral developmental theory. What have been some of the major criticisms of Kohlberg's theory? Indicate how he and others responded to these criticisms.