Deck 3: Physical, Sensory, Andperceptual Development in Infancy

Question 1

Which of the following processes is involved in synaptic pruning?

A) New synapses are created rapidly.
B) Glial cells form a support network for neurons.
C) The wrinkles and indentations on the brain's surface are formed.
D) Unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated.

Answer 1

Unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated.

Question 2

Which of the following brain development processes takes place rapidly during the first two years of life?

A) Development of the spinal cord
B) Muscle control in the extremities
C) Myelinization of axons
D) Proximodistal development

Answer 2

Myelinization of axons

Question 3

African infant precosity refers to

A) the lag between the faster motor development of European infants and the slower motor development of African infants.
B) genetic differences that give African infants an advantage in faster motor development.
C) African infants reaching some motor milestones earlier than babies in other parts of the world.
D) average bone density differences between Saharan and sub-Saharan infants.

Answer 3

African infants reaching some motor milestones earlier than babies in other parts of the world.

Question 4

In the United States, which group has the lowest infant mortality rate?

A) White babies
B) Chinese American babies
C) African American babies
D) Native American babies

Question 5

Newborns have good auditory acuity, poor but adequate visual acuity, and excellent tactual and taste perception. Which theory of perceptual development do these facts support?

A) Nativist view
B) Classical conditioning view
C) Operant conditioning view
D) Empiricist view

Question 6

Animals deprived of visual or auditory stimulation show no, little, or delayed development of those perceptual systems. Which theory of perceptual development do these facts support?

A) Nativist view
B) Classical conditioning view
C) Operant conditioning view
D) Empiricist view

Question 7

Pediatricians usually recommend withholding solid foods until a baby is at least __________ .

Question 8

Diets that contain enough calories but do not contain enough protein contribute to the development of a disorder called __________ .

Question 9

Injections of vaccines to combat tetanus, pertussis, rubella, polio, hepatitis, measles, and diphtheria are collectively called __________ .

Question 10

How do girls and boys differ in the development of gross motor skills?

Question 11

Define apnea and explain its relationship to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

Question 12

Summarize the health benefits that are associated with breastfeeding.