Deck 9: Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Question 1

Body mass index (BMI) is determined from

A) the percentage of an individual's body weight as compared to a reference standard.
B) an individual's body density.
C) the ratio of an individual's fat tissue to their lean tissue mass.
D) the ratio of an individual's body weight to their height.

Answer 1

the ratio of an individual's body weight to their height.

Question 2

In women, a waist-to-hip ratio greater than 0.80 indicates

A) an increased risk for chronic disease.
B) no increased risk for chronic disease.
C) pear-shaped fat patterning.
D) hourglass-shaped fat patterning.

Answer 2

an increased risk for chronic disease.

Question 3

Which of the following is considered the most accurate method for determining body composition?

A) skinfold measurements
B) underwater weighing
C) bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
D) Bod Pod

Answer 3

underwater weighing

Question 4

An apple-shaped fat pattern increases a person's risk for

A) type 2 diabetes.
B) infections.
C) osteoporosis.
D) lung cancer.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes the energy balance equation?

A) energy intake > energy expended
B) energy expended < energy intake
C) energy expended + energy intake
D) energy intake = energy expended

Question 6

Up to about how much of our total energy output is attributable to basal metabolism?

A) 20%
B) 35%
C) 75%
D) 90%

Question 7

George's dinner contains 750 kcal. What is the maximum amount of kilocalories George will expend in order to process this meal?

A) 10 kcal
B) 50 kcal
C) 75 kcal
D) 150 kcal

Question 8

Skinfold measurements, underwater weighing, and the Bod Pod all measure

A) basal metabolism.
B) total energy expenditure.
C) body composition.
D) the thermic effect of food.

Question 9

For men, the risk of chronic disease increases with a waist circumference above

A) 38 inches.
B) 40 inches.
C) 42 inches.
D) 44 inches.

Question 10

Janine is a 20-year-old college student who is 5'4" tall and weighs 130 pounds. She engages in moderate exercise 3-5 times a week. How many kilocalories should Janine consume each day to maintain her present body weight?

A) 1,276 kilocalories
B) 1,493 kilocalories
C) 1,914 kilocalories
D) 2,127 kilocalories

Question 11

Ben is a 50-year-old sedentary obese man who would like to develop sound weight loss strategies to improve his health. Which of the following is NOT one of the primary components of a sound weight-change plan?

A) Start by exercising a minimum of 15 minutes a day, 3 days per week, and increase the frequency, time, and intensity gradually.
B) Set a goal to lose a minimum of 4 pounds a week.
C) Reduce serving sizes on all foods to those recommended in the USDA Food Patterns.
D) Limit daily fat intake to 15-25% of total energy intake.

Question 12

Which of the following physical activities represents the highest energy cost?

A) walking at 4 mph
B) leisure biking at less than 10 mph
C) cleaning, including dusting, vacuuming, and carrying out trash
D) light or moderate weight lifting

Question 13

Katherine rows on her school's varsity crew team and practices six days a week. She is 5'7" tall and weighs 155 pounds. What are her daily kilocalorie requirements to maintain her current body weight?

A) 2,094 kilocalories
B) 2,488 kilocalories
C) 2,961 kilocalories
D) 3,167 calories

Question 14

A significant percentage of patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have in common a history of

A) cycles of weight gain followed by rapid weight loss.
B) precisely measuring food intake and avoiding exercise.
C) kidney damage and reproductive issues.
D) childhood sexual abuse.

Question 15

How does the FTO gene influence food intake?

A) The FTO gene suppresses appetite.
B) The FTO gene promotes the feeling of satiety.
C) The FTO gene enhances appetite and suppresses satiety.
D) The FTO plays no known role in the human body.

Question 16

Peptide YY (PYY) is a protein that

A) decreases appetite and inhibits food intake.
B) increases appetite and encourages food intake.
C) increases energy expenditure by generating heat.
D) uncouples certain steps in the production of energy.

Question 17

Morbid obesity is classified as having a BMI greater than or equal to

A) 24.9 kg/m².
B) 29.9 kg/m².
C) 40.0 kg/m².
D) 49.0 kg/m².

Question 18

In the United States, how is economic status related to health status?

A) People with lower incomes have higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases.
B) People with higher incomes have higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases.
C) People with lower incomes are less sedentary and more prone to underweight.
D) Economic status has no effect on health status.

Question 19

The surgical procedure for weight loss that involves attaching the lower part of the small intestine to the reduced stomach is

A) gastroplasty.
B) gastrosectioning.
C) gastric banding.
D) gastric bypass.

Question 20

One social factor that encourages overeating or the consumption of excess Calories is

A) portion distortion.
B) "lite" menus.
C) uncoupling.
D) PYY.

Question 21

What does current research suggest about how the macronutrient composition of your daily diet may affect weight gain?

A) Excess carbohydrate consumption is most likely to cause weight gain.
B) Excess protein consumption is most likely to cause weight gain.
C) Excess fat consumption is most likely to cause weight gain.
D) People gain weight no matter which macronutrient they consume the most of.

Question 22

Which of the following sports is least likely to be associated with the female athlete triad?

A) diving
B) field hockey
C) gymnastics
D) ballet

Question 23

A person is more likely to gain weight and be resistant to weight loss if he or she has low

A) cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY).
B) leptin, ghrelin, and neuropeptide Y.
C) metabolic rate, fat metabolism, fidgeting, and sympathetic nervous system activity.
D) protein intake, FTO genes, basal metabolic rate, and parasympathetic nervous system activity.

Question 24

Fat stored mainly around the hips and thighs is termed

A) triangular fat patterning.
B) circular fat patterning.
C) apple-shaped fat patterning.
D) pear-shaped fat patterning.

Question 25

Binge-eating disorder is characterized by

A) restrictive eating patterns that lead to starvation.
B) repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging.
C) binge eating an average of twice a week or more, without compensatory purging.
D) the majority of the day's energy intake occurring after 8:00 PM.

Question 26

Compared to white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue contains more

A) red blood cells.
B) fat.
C) protein.
D) mitochondria.

Question 27

The hormone ghrelin works in the hypothalamus to

A) stimulate appetite.
B) decrease appetite.
C) produce extra heat.
D) produce extra energy.

Question 28

Uncoupling proteins are found in the

A) nucleus.
B) mitochondria.
C) ribosomes.
D) vacuoles.

Question 29

A person's perception of his or her body's appearance is known as

A) body mass index.
B) basal metabolic rate.
C) body composition.
D) body image.

Question 30

Brown adipose tissue is found in lower amounts in

A) people with higher BMI values.
B) people with lower BMI values.
C) animals.
D) newborns.

Question 31

Which of the following involves "stapling" a small section of the stomach to decrease food intake?

A) sleeve gastrectomy
B) gastric bypass
C) gastric banding
D) liposuction

Question 32

Which surgical procedure removes fat cells from selected areas of the body?

A) vertical banded gastroplasty
B) gastric bypass
C) gastric banding
D) liposuction

Question 33

Which of the following is defined as the absence of a menstrual period for three or more months?

A) dyslipidemia
B) metabolic syndrome
C) amenorrhea
D) gastritis

Question 34

Among women, the psychiatric disorder that is the most common and causes the most deaths is

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge-eating disorder.
D) the female athlete triad.

Question 35

Underwater weighing is the most practical method for determining body composition in obese individuals.

Question 36

Upper-body obesity increases one's risk for chronic disease.

Question 37

Our diet and activity patterns as children influence our body weights as adults.

Question 38

Studies have linked increased television viewing with weight gain, overweight, and obesity.

Question 39

Children who are obese are 60% more likely to be the targets of bullies than children of normal weight.

Question 40

The female athlete triad is a term for the three most common eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder.

Question 41

Liposuction is a surgical procedure recommended only for morbid obesity.

Question 42

The terms eating disorder and disordered eating can be used interchangeably.

Question 43

Anorexia nervosa does not occur in males.

Question 44

The dental problems associated with bulimia nervosa are related to the insufficient intake of calcium.

Question 45

Body composition is a comparison of an individual's body weight to his or her height.

Question 46

Apple-shaped fat patterning is the type of fat distribution pattern associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

Question 47

Metabolic syndrome is the energy we expend just to maintain our resting functions, such as respiration and circulation.

Question 48

Leptin is a hormone produced by body fat that acts to reduce food intake.

Question 49

What are the cultural, economic, and social factors that contribute to obesity?

Question 50

Discuss the benefits of physical activity in the loss and maintenance of body weight. What type of exercise program would be the most effective in this effort?

Question 51

Scott wants to begin a weight-loss program. What specific and practical suggestions can you give him to reduce his energy intake?

Question 52

Describe the symptoms associated with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Discuss the similarities and differences between these two conditions.

Question 53

Derek is a student on a tight budget. Which of the following strategies would help him eat healthfully and reduce his food expenses?

A) Stock up on frozen meals when they are on sale.
B) Buy whole grains in bulk and store them for extended use.
C) Eat out at restaurants at least twice a week.
D) Purchase "family packs" of 80-percent fat hamburger meat and freeze.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a good behavior modification technique to utilize when attempting to maintain a healthy body weight?

A) Keep a log of everything you eat each day.
B) Avoid grocery shopping when you are hungry.
C) Serve food on smaller plates.
D) Vary eating times and locations and provide a distraction while eating.

Question 55

Which disorder is more common in men than women?

A) anorexia nervosa
B) bulimia nervosa
C) muscle dysmorphia
D) binge-eating disorder

Question 56

Compared to women, men are more likely to use which of the following as the primary method of weight control?

A) excessive exercise
B) bingeing and purging
C) severe caloric restriction
D) laxatives and diet pills

Question 57

Organic foods are a more healthful choice than non-organic foods.

Question 58

Describe how eating disorders differ among men as compared to women.

Question 59

Eating a healthful diet is impossible for people on a restricted budget.

Question 60

Frozen vegetables are just as healthful as fresh vegetables.

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a healthful nutritional choice when eating out at a restaurant?

A) choosing a yogurt parfait for dessert
B) ordering a healthful appetizer as an entrée
C) ordering a broth-based soup
D) choosing grilled or broiled meat

Question 62

A fad diet is characterized by

A) varied and balanced menu options.
B) long-term, gradual weight loss.
C) short-term popularity based on a marketing gimmick that appeals to desires and fears.
D) substantive scientific data to back up its weight-loss claims.

Question 63

Popcorn is naturally high in fat and low in fiber.

Question 64

The risk of having an eating disorder increases when a person exhibits

A) no guilt or shame about eating habits.
B) a fear of eating and a negative body image.
C) trust in the body's ability to know what and how much to eat.
D) unconcern about society's concept of an ideal body shape.

Question 65

Which of the following is NOT a SMART goal for healthful weight loss?

A) losing eight pounds in one month
B) losing eight pounds in two months
C) starting strength training to achieve pear-shaped fat patterning
D) going down a clothing size for next year's high school reunion

Question 66

Identify the specific dietary recommendations suggested by the National Institutes of Health to promote lasting weight loss.