Deck 10: Emotion and Motivation

Question 1

In the mythical country of Xacandra,people experience an emotion they call revzola.Revzola is associated with particular states of arousal,and the people who experience it strongly do better in Xacandran society.When Xacandran psychologists explored nearby countries,they discovered that every culture had an emotion like revzola,though they called it by different names.In terms of the circumplex model of emotions,revzola is a _____ emotion.

A) universal
B) primary
C) secondary
D) cross-culturally congruent

Answer 1

B

Question 2

One criticism of the James-Lange theory of emotion has been that physiological responses are not specific enough to correspond to different emotions.However,more recent research has shown that _____,which is _____ with the James-Lange theory.

A) different primary emotions correspond to different patterns of brain activation; inconsistent
B) different primary emotions correspond to different patterns of brain activation; consistent
C) adopting a happy facial expression leads to positive emotions; inconsistent
D) adopting a happy facial expression leads to positive emotions; consistent

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Jason and Cora are riding on a roller coaster,which is producing high levels of arousal.They attribute their aroused state to romantic feelings for each other and feel they are falling in love.The effect of the roller coaster is from the _____ associated with emotion; thinking that the arousal is usually due to romantic feelings is part of the _____ associated with emotion; feeling they are falling in love reflects the _____ associated with emotion.

A) physical changes; cognitive appraisals; subjective experiences
B) physical changes; subjective experiences; cognitive appraisals
C) subjective experiences; cognitive appraisals; physical changes
D) subjective experiences; physical changes; cognitive appraisals

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A major criticism of the James-Lange theory is that:

A) emotions occur faster than interpretations can be made
B) the emotion has to exist to produce the physiological reaction
C) physiological reactions to emotions are not specific enough
D) both B and C

Question 5

Toby is generally somewhat sad and pessimistic.Today,however,his candidate for president has won the election,and Toby is feeling incredibly optimistic and exuberant.Toby's usual sadness and pessimism is a(n)_____; his current optimism and exuberance is a(n)_____.

A) emotion; mood
B) emotion; emotion
C) mood; emotion
D) mood; mood

Question 6

If you hold a pencil in your teeth,forcing you to raise the edges of your lips into a sort of smile,you will _____,as predicted by the _____.

A) begin to feel happy; facial feedback hypothesis
B) begin to feel happy; Canon-Bard model
C) not feel any differently than you did before; facial feedback hypothesis
D) not feel any differently than you did before; circumplex model

Question 7

According to the circumplex model of emotion,depression is a state of _____ and _____,whereas calm is a state of _____ and _____.

A) negative affect; high arousal; neutral affect; low arousal
B) negative affect; low arousal; neutral affect; low arousal
C) negative affect; low arousal; positive affect; low arousal
D) negative affect; low arousal; negative affect; low arousal

Question 8

How might the James-Lange theory of emotion describe the relationship between fear and trembling?

A) Fear and trembling are unrelated.
B) We tremble and feel afraid simultaneously.
C) We tremble because we feel afraid.
D) We feel afraid because we tremble.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a primary emotion?

A) fear
B) guilt
C) sadness
D) disgust

Question 10

Gervasio sustained damage to his prefrontal cortex in a car crash,and the damage left him with severe alexithymia.As a result,Gervasio:

A) experiences extremes of emotion, both positive and negative
B) experiences normal emotions, but cannot express them
C) can neither experience nor express many emotions
D) experiences normal emotions but with rapid uncontrolled shifts

Question 11

A child is very excited to go to the playground.He is walking in circles,fidgeting with his hands,and showing other forms of agitation.These behaviors are almost certainly the result of:

A) homeostasis
B) arousal
C) incentives
D) goals

Question 12

Imagine you are in the forest and come across a bear.Which of the following explanations best represents the James-Lange theory of emotion?

A) I'm afraid because I'm shaking.
B) I'm shaking because I'm afraid.
C) My shaking must be due to fear because my house is on fire.
D) I'm shaking, and I'm afraid.

Question 13

The James-Lange theory of emotion states that:

A) the emotions we experience cause our bodily reactions
B) our perception of bodily responses leads to our emotions
C) our emotions and bodily responses occur simultaneously
D) none of the above

Question 14

In the mythical country of Xacandra,people experience an emotion that they call blegthium.Though everyone agrees the people experience blegthium,it has proven very difficult to define or to associate blegthium with physiological correlates.Cross-cultural Xacandran psychologists have not been able to consistently find an emotion comparable to blegthium in other cultures.In terms of the circumplex model of emotions,blegthium is a _____ emotion.

A) universal
B) primary
C) secondary
D) cross-culturally congruent

Question 15

Emotions tend to _____ thought and behavior; moods tend to _____ thought and behavior.

A) influence; interrupt
B) interrupt; influence
C) respond to; produce
D) produce; respond to

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a secondary emotion?

A) remorse
B) anticipation
C) happiness
D) submission

Question 17

In terms of the circumplex model,anger and annoyance share _____,whereas anger and joy share _____.

A) valence but not activation; activation but not valence
B) valence and activation; activation but not valence
C) activation but not valence; valence but not activation
D) activation but not valence; valence and activation

Question 18

Alexithymia occurs because damage to the _____ causes the physiological messages associated with emotions to _____ the brain centers that interpret emotions.

A) amygdala; fail to reach
B) limbic system; be suppressed by
C) frontal cortex; be suppressed by
D) prefrontal cortex; fail to reach

Question 19

In a song from the musical The King and I,the lead character sings about whistling when she feels afraid,to hide her fear,and finally losing her fear.The notion that acting as though you are not afraid keeps you from feeling afraid is compatible with which theory of emotion?

A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) two-factor
D) cerebral symmetry

Question 20

A convincing piece of evidence for the idea that positive emotions and negative emotions are independent is that positive emotions involve _____ and negative emotions involve _____.

A) increases in norepinephrine; increases in dopamine
B) increases in dopamine; increases in norepinephrine
C) increases in dopamine; decreases in norepinephrine
D) decreases in norepinephrine; decreases in dopamine

Question 21

Researchers conduct an experiment in which male participants are given a drug that makes them feel extremely happy.Participants in Group A are told that they will feel this way from the drug.Participants in Group B are not told about the effects of the drug.After the drug has taken effect,an attractive woman enters the room.According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory,which group of participants is less likely to feel attracted to the woman,and why?

A) Group A, because they were already happy when they came to the experiment.
B) Group A, because they expected positive feelings from the drug.
C) Group B, because they identified the positive feelings later.
D) Group B, because they were not told about the effects of the drug.

Question 22

Some people are generally happy and optimistic; other people are generally sad and pessimistic.One possible explanation for these general dispositions on life might be that optimistic people _____ and pessimistic people _____.

A) show cerebral symmetry; show cerebral asymmetry
B) show cerebral asymmetry; show cerebral asymmetry
C) are left hemisphere dominant; are right hemisphere dominant
D) are right hemisphere dominant; are left hemisphere dominant

Question 23

Participants in a psychology experiment are shown photographs that elicit three kinds of emotional reactions: happiness,fear,or sadness.A week later,they are shown a series of photographs and asked to identify which ones they had seen before.You could predict that the best memory would be for the:

A) sad pictures
B) happy pictures
C) frightening pictures
D) happy and frightening pictures

Question 24

Xandra,a 3-year-old,has a damaged amygdala.Her parents should be concerned that she may:

A) not bond well to them
B) not experience a full range of normal emotions
C) be too willing to engage in risk-taking behaviors
D) be too friendly to strangers

Question 25

Eva and Garnet are identical twins who survived a traumatic accident in which a bus they were riding in plummeted into a river.During the accident Eva's amygdala was severely damaged; Garnet experienced no injuries.You would expect that Eva _____ develop a conditioned fear to buses and Garnet _____ develop a conditioned fear to buses.

A) would not; would not
B) would; would not
C) would; would
D) would not; would

Question 26

According to the two-factor theory of emotion,we experience emotion through:

A) simultaneous physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation
B) the subjective emotion followed by the physiological response
C) physiological arousal followed by cognitive interpretation
D) the emotion correlated with the physiological response pattern

Question 27

The Cannon-Bard theory argues that physiological responses and emotional experiences occur:

A) roughly simultaneously and independently
B) sequentially and independently
C) sequentially beginning with physiological responses
D) sequentially beginning with emotional experiences

Question 28

Delroy was on a plane that flew through a hurricane.There was tremendous turbulence,and he was absolutely terrified.Even though he tries not to think about it,Delroy cannot forget that plane trip.Delroy's persistent memory results from the effect of the _____ on how the _____ consolidates memory.

A) thalamus; prefrontal cortex
B) amygdala; prefrontal cortex
C) amygdala; hippocampus
D) thalamus; hippocampus

Question 29

Gavriel has a tremendous crush on Angelique,who seems to see him only as a friend.One way that Gavriel might be able to change Angelique's feelings would be to:

A) take her to a scary movie
B) write her a love poem
C) make her a touching mixed tape
D) take her for a romantic dinner

Question 30

Jason is fascinated by his physics course; he gets excited every time he walks into class.However,Jason has always considered himself someone who does not like science,so he does not recognize that his excitement is due to the class.Instead,he decides that he must be attracted to his lab partner.Jason's misattribution of his arousal is compatible with which theory of emotion?

A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) two-factor
D) cerebral symmetry

Question 31

The pattern of cerebral asymmetry refers to the pattern of responding in which the right prefrontal cortex shows _____ and the left prefrontal cortex shows _____.

A) greater activation with positive affect; greater activation with negative affect
B) lesser activation with positive affect; lesser activation with negative affect
C) greater activation with negative affect; greater activation with positive affect
D) lesser activation with negative affect; lesser activation with positive affect

Question 32

Contemporary thinking about the role of the amygdala in emotion is that the path from the thalamus to the amygdala _____ ,and the path from the thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala _____.

A) evaluates whether a threat exists; prepares someone to respond
B) prepares someone to respond; confirms whether a threat exists
C) selects a response; determines if that is the appropriate response
D) determines if that is the appropriate response; selects a response

Question 33

Extinction of a classically conditioned response involves suppression of that response by higher brain centers; the conditioned response can be established again very quickly.The probable mechanism for extinction lies in the path from the _____; the probable mechanism for reconditioning lies in the path from the _____.

A) thalamus to the amygdala; thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala
B) thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala; thalamus to the amygdala
C) hippocampus to the amygdala; thalamus to the frontal lobes to the amygdala
D) thalamus to the frontal lobes to the amygdala; hippocampus to the amygdala

Question 34

Luiz is walking home late at night when he hears footsteps behind him.He is instantly frightened and gets ready to run.He glances over his shoulder and sees that it is the neighborhood police officer on patrol.Realizing there is nothing to fear,he calms down.Luiz's first response,fear,was processed by the path from the _____.His second response,calming,was processed by the path from the _____.

A) thalamusàamygdala; thalamusàsensory cortexàamygdala
B) thalamusàsensory cortexàamygdala; thalamusàamygdala
C) amygdalaàthalamus; amygdalaàsensory cortexàthalamus
D) amygdalaàsensory cortexàthalamus; amygdalaàthalamus

Question 35

The Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion states that:

A) a situation evokes a physiological response that is followed by an emotion label
B) a situation evokes an emotion label and the physiological response follows
C) a situation evokes a physiological label that is followed by a physiological response
D) a situation evokes a physiological response that is followed by a physiological label

Question 36

Danny,who has a damaged amygdala,accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned.Later,Danny's reaction to fire is that he:

A) knows it is dangerous and has a strong conditioned fear response to it
B) does not think it is dangerous and has no conditioned fear of it
C) does not think it is dangerous but becomes terrified around it
D) knows it is dangerous but has no conditioned fear of it

Question 37

Aurore has been in a skiing accident.She remembers everything about her life,but does not seem to experience any emotions about her memories or about new things that happen.Aurore most likely has experienced damage to her _____,making her _____.

A) prefrontal cortex; insensitive to somatic markers
B) prefrontal cortex; unable to interpret emotional cues
C) amygdala; insensitive to somatic markers
D) amygdala; unable to interpret emotional cues

Question 38

Winona has a great deal of trouble determining the amount of fear that someone is experiencing based on his or her facial expressions.It is quite likely that Winona has damage to her:

A) hippocampus
B) prefrontal cortex
C) thalamus
D) amygdala

Question 39

Imagine you are in the forest and come across a bear.Which of the following explanations best represents the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

A) I'm afraid because I'm shaking.
B) I'm shaking because I'm afraid.
C) My shaking must be due to fear because my house is on fire.
D) I'm shaking, and I'm afraid.

Question 40

Which brain region processes the emotional significance of stimuli and generates immediate emotional and behavioral reactions?

A) prefrontal cortex
B) amygdala
C) hippocampus
D) hypothalamus

Question 41

Dagmar and Bjorg have gone down the most demanding ski trail at the resort.Back at the lodge,they suddenly find that their attraction for each other has increased greatly.This effect is most likely due to:

A) physiological arousal
B) excitation transfer
C) subjective emotional appraisal
D) cognitive analysis

Question 42

The _____ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion on its own; the _____ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion as part of the whole face.

A) mouth; eyes
B) eyes; eyes
C) eyes; mouth
D) mouth; mouth

Question 43

Japanese students were shown film clips designed to provoke strong emotions.When a student watched the clip with other people,she showed little outward emotion.When the student watched the clips alone,she showed the same emotions as are seen in American college students.The difference in emotional expression in the two situations shows the influence of:

A) cultural display rules
B) cues from experimenter expectancies
C) responding to interpersonal rather than intrapersonal factors
D) conformity to the emotional expression of other people

Question 44

Bethany's boyfriend has just broken up with her.At first,she is heartbroken,thinking she has lost the perfect man.As the weeks go by,she realizes that she had never acknowledged the negative aspects of the relationship.Eventually,she comes to see the breakup as an opportunity rather than a disaster.Bethany is engaging in _____,which research suggests will _____.

A) rumination; change neural processing of emotion
B) rumination; change patterns of physiological arousal
C) reappraisal; change patterns of physiological arousal
D) reappraisal; change neural processing of emotion

Question 45

Ever since his girlfriend broke up with him,Marcus has been going over the breakup in his mind."Why did she leave? How could I have stopped her? We had such wonderful times.I miss her so much." Marcus is coping with his feelings through:

A) thought suppression
B) misattribution
C) rebound
D) rumination

Question 46

Research on thought suppression has shown that trying to suppress negative thoughts can lead to:

A) misattribution
B) humor
C) distraction
D) a rebound effect

Question 47

Sydney has been asked about her life satisfaction.To answer the question,she reflects on how she feels right now,and right now she is in a positive mood.According to the affect-as-information theory,Sydney will most likely respond that:

A) she cannot answer without thinking for a while about all aspects of her life
B) she is generally unhappy with her life
C) she is generally happy with her life
D) it is not possible to know how she will respond

Question 48

The universal aspect of emotions is the _____ which they are expressed; the culture-specific aspect of emotions is the _____ which they are expressed.

A) facial expressions in; body cues in
B) body cues in; facial expressions in
C) conditions under; way in
D) way in; conditions under

Question 49

Jeremiah is very attracted to Annie,but he cannot even get her attention.All Annie can think about is her old boyfriend,and she thinks about him all of the time.This situation exemplifies one of the major problems with _____; it _____.

A) thought suppression; intensifies the feeling of loss
B) thought suppression; impedes focusing on solutions
C) rumination; impedes focusing on solutions
D) rumination; intensifies the feeling of loss

Question 50

When people view a face that is displaying an emotion,which part is most important in determining how the viewers perceive the emotion?

A) forehead
B) eyes
C) nose
D) mouth

Question 51

LaVonne is majoring in engineering,but she dislikes all of her engineering classes and loves all of her government classes.One day,when LaVonne is reading political science to avoid reading engineering,she decides to change her major and become a lawyer.LaVonne's decision reflects which quality of emotions?

A) They increase the probability of survival and reproduction.
B) They provide cues to facilitate interpersonal dynamics.
C) They provide information about significant personal goals.
D) They increase the probability of avoiding immediate danger.

Question 52

In recent years,people all across the country have formed laughter groups,in which a small number of people get together on a regular basis to laugh.They do not generate their laughter by watching funny movies or telling jokes.Instead,they simply laugh deliberately for some period of time.Even though the laughter is occurring without humor,people in these groups enjoy improved mental and physical health.The primary reason for these results is that:

A) the act of laughing is a cue to positive affect
B) laughter has physiological effects that are similar to exercise
C) James was right; we base our moods on our actions
D) laughter makes us remember other happy times

Question 53

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is characterized by attempts to avoid thinking about a seriously traumatic event,accompanied by flashbacks to and nightmares about that event.PTSD would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

A) thought suppression
B) cognitive avoidance
C) rumination
D) distraction

Question 54

The strongest cross-cultural congruence in the identification of emotions seems to involve _____,and the weakest seems to involve _____.

A) fear and disgust; happiness
B) happiness; fear and disgust
C) happiness and joy; fear and pain
D) fear and pain; happiness and joy

Question 55

Imagine you will be going to Zambia on a field trip.The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should:

A) take care because the Zambians will not be able to read your expressions
B) not assume that you are reading Zambian expressions accurately
C) not worry much about misinterpretation of facial expressions
D) both A and B

Question 56

When Suellen learns that her roommate will be an international student from Britain,she is worried that her roommate will be stiff and reserved.She is very surprised,but pleased,when Diana turns out to be bouncy and emotional.Suellen is surprised because Diana's behavior violates:

A) cross-cultural congruence
B) gender norms for emotionality
C) cultural display rules
D) both A and C

Question 57

Cross-cultural research on emotions conveyed by facial expressions shows that:

A) some facial expressions are universal, suggesting a biological basis
B) some facial expressions are not universal, suggesting a cultural basis
C) all facial expressions are universal, suggesting a cultural basis
D) all facial expressions are not universal, suggesting a biological basis

Question 58

Cynthia's psychology professor was talking today about how hard it would be not to think about purple unicorns.Though Cynthia has never once before thought about a purple unicorn,she finds that she cannot stop thinking about them now.Cynthia is experiencing _____ as a result of her attempts at _____.

A) the rebound effect; rumination
B) the rebound effect; thought suppression
C) cognitive persistence; rumination
D) cognitive persistence; thought suppression

Question 59

A major aspect of depression is persistently negative cognitive attributions about the self,life,and the future.Depression would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

A) thought suppression
B) cognitive avoidance
C) rumination
D) distraction

Question 60

Blake is waiting to hear whether he has been accepted to medical school.He is so anxious that he is having trouble working.To cope with the situation,he tries to keep himself from thinking about medical school or the admissions process.By engaging in this _____,Blake is likely to _____.

A) rumination; rebound and improve his mood
B) rumination; delay his medical school admissions
C) thought suppression; think about medical school even more
D) thought suppression; reduce his anxiety

Question 61

Studies have shown that guilt is primarily influenced by _____,whereas other negative emotions are primarily influenced by _____.

A) genetics; the social environment
B) the social environment; genetics
C) genetics; genetics
D) the social environment; the social environment

Question 62

Motivational states are directive,which means they:

A) call attention to important goals
B) activate us to do something
C) help initiate behaviors that satisfy our needs
D) determine a pattern of physiological activation

Question 63

Which emotion is an infant not capable of expressing at 2 months?

A) interest
B) anger
C) sadness
D) fear

Question 64

Paloma's parents spent a great deal of time with her when she was growing up; they always made her feel loved and valued.Erhard's parents loved him,but they were always busy and distant.As an adult,who is likely to experience more guilt,and why?

A) Erhard, because he never feels sufficiently secure
B) Paloma, because she has developed the ability to empathize
C) Erhard, because he never feels valued or important
D) Paloma, because she feels obligated to repay her parents

Question 65

Tameri and Khai have found a house to buy that they really like.The day they found it,they had been having a wonderful time house hunting and planning their life together.A few days later,after having had a miserable day at work,Khai goes back to look at the house again.You could predict that Khai will like the house:

A) more because it will remind him of Tameri
B) more because of belief persistence
C) less because of his bad day at work
D) less because his second look will be more objective

Question 66

Sadao seems to make the same mistakes over and over again.His friends are constantly telling him,"Don't do that.Remember how badly it turned out the last time!" But Sadao never listens.He insists,every time,that this is a new situation.According to somatic marker theory,Sadao most likely has damage to his:

A) amygdala
B) hippocampus
C) frontal lobes
D) prefrontal cortex

Question 67

Margarita is a brilliant student.The men she has dated in the past have had trouble dealing with her academic success.Margarita just won a full scholarship for her last two years of college.She is going to tell her current boyfriend at dinner,and she feels nauseated every time she thinks about it.Margarita's reaction can easily be explained by:

A) somatic marker theory
B) affect-as-information theory
C) the dominance of emotions over cognition
D) conflict between her desire to take the scholarship and to please her boyfriend

Question 68

The Gianellis adopted Abigail and two years later adopted Cassandra,each from a different set of biological parents.As the girls get older,you would expect that the evidence for genetic influences on their levels of guilt would get _____ and the evidence for the influence of a shared environment on guilt would get _____.

A) stronger; stronger
B) weaker; weaker
C) weaker; stronger
D) stronger; weaker

Question 69

Jermaine told his girlfriend that he was going to the library when he was actually staying home to watch the game.She begins to get angry when she stops by his room and finds him watching TV.However,when he starts to blush and look embarrassed,she readily forgives him.Her attitude changes because his embarrassment and blushing indicate that Jermaine:

A) recognizes his error
B) will be shamed if she fights with him
C) really cares about her
D) both A and B

Question 70

Peng is worried about what might be upsetting his 1-month-old son,who seems to have an angry expression on his face.You could help by telling him that a negative facial expression on a baby his son's age is far more likely to be expressing _____,because babies cannot express anger until they are _____ old.

A) pain; 2 months
B) fear; 2 months
C) pain; 6 months
D) fear; 6 months

Question 71

Paul is getting married on Sunday.On Saturday,he is riding in a very exciting and somewhat dangerous bicycle race.He knows that it is not sensible to risk an injury the day before his wedding.But he really wants to race,and he feels sure that he can do so safely.Paul's decision to ride in the race demonstrates that:

A) potential rewards influence decisions more than potential punishments
B) emotions influence decisions more than cognitions
C) positive emotions influence decisions more than negative emotions
D) certain rewards influence decisions more than possible punishments

Question 72

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth.Donato tends to be fearful of many things and can easily be made to feel guilty.If these same qualities were evaluated in Quincy,you would expect that he would have _____ of fear and _____ of guilt.

A) high levels; unpredictable levels
B) unpredictable levels; high levels
C) high levels; high levels
D) unpredictable levels; unpredictable levels

Question 73

Emotions are a primary source of motivation because:

A) we seek pleasure and avoid pain
B) emotions exert an unconscious influence
C) emotions are stronger than cognitions
D) both A and C

Question 74

Ahava has been working for a week in her company's London office.She finishes the project a day earlier than expected.Initially,she decides to take that free day and explore London.Then she thinks about how much it would please her husband if she came back early,and starts to worry about whether being gone from her children so long will hurt her relationship with them.Ahava is showing which of the beneficial functions of guilt?

A) influencing the other person's behavior and affirming a bond by demonstrating caring
B) avoiding behaviors that may harm a relationship
C) affirming a bond by demonstrating caring
D) both B and C

Question 75

According to the affect-as-information theory,we use:

A) current moods to make judgments, even if we do not know the sources of our moods
B) prior moods to make judgments, even if we do not know the sources of our moods
C) current moods to make judgments, but only if we know the sources of our moods
D) prior moods to make judgments, but only if we know the sources of our moods

Question 76

Magdala blushes very easily; any time she makes even a slight social error,she turns bright red.Magdala regards this tendency as a real social failing and would give a great deal to stop blushing.You might make Magdala reconsider the value of her blushing by telling her that people who blush:

A) actually have better social skills
B) do so because they are more empathetic
C) look more attractive to the people around them
D) are more readily forgiven their mistakes

Question 77

Which emotion is an infant capable of expressing at birth?

A) joy
B) disgust
C) pain
D) all of the above

Question 78

John has a great capacity to empathize with others.He calls his parents three times a week.John's regular phone calls demonstrate that guilt:

A) encourages behaviors that strengthen relationships
B) can be used to manipulate others
C) demonstrates caring
D) makes people faithful to their life partners

Question 79

How many English words refer to emotions?

A) 35
B) 150
C) 550
D) 5,000

Question 80

According to Baumeister,which of the following is NOT a way in which guilt can protect and strengthen interpersonal relationships?

A) Guilt discourages people from doing things that harm their relationships.
B) Guilt can be used to manipulate others.
C) Guilt demonstrates that people care about their partners.
D) Guilt encourages people to be honest in their relationships.