Deck 7: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

The most common form of arterial hypertension is considered to be:

A) Essential or idiopathic
B) Caused by kidney disease
C) Caused by adrenal cortical hyperactivity
D) Secondary to adrenal medullar tumors
E) Secondary to the narrowing of the aorta

Answer 1

Essential or idiopathic

Question 2

Myocardial infarction is accompanied by typical biochemical changes.Elevation of which enzyme in the blood occurs first after the occlusion of a coronary artery?

A) Alanine aminotransferase
B) Aspartate aminotransferase
C) Creatine kinase
D) Lactate dehydrogenase
E) Acid phosphatase

Answer 2

Creatine kinase

Question 3

Which of the following has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?

A) Regular exercise
B) Alcohol
C) Cigarette smoking
D) Aspirin
E) Antihypertensive drugs

Answer 3

Cigarette smoking

Question 4

The most common complication of rheumatic endocarditis is:

A) Bacterial endocarditis
B) Viral endocarditis
C) Fungal myocarditis
D) Parasitic endocarditis
E) Pulmonary embolism

Question 5

Infarction of the posterior half of the interventricular septum is caused by an occlusion of the:

A) Main trunk of the left coronary artery
B) Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery
C) Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery
D) Right coronary artery
E) Coronary sinus

Question 6

Acute cardiac tamponade is typically a complication of:

A) Rupture of the left ventricle as a result of myocardial infarction
B) Mural thrombosis
C) Ventricular aneurysm
D) Subendocardial circumferential myocardial infarction
E) Rupture of the papillary muscle

Question 7

Atherosclerotic narrowing of which artery causes hypertension?

A) Middle cerebral artery
B) Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery
C) Right coronary artery
D) Renal artery
E) Femoral artery

Question 8

Rheumatic carditis is typically preceded by:

A) Streptococcal throat infection
B) Staphylococcal skin infection
C) Gonococcal arthritis
D) Coxsackie B virus myositis
E) Influenza

Question 9

Intermittent claudication is caused by atherosclerosis of the:

A) Carotid artery
B) Subclavian artery
C) Splenic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Popliteal artery

Question 10

All the following represent iatrogenic heart lesions except:

A) Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
B) Radiation-induced heart disease
C) Doxorubicin-induced heart disease
D) Digitalis toxicity
E) Postcardiotomy pericarditis

Question 11

All the following are risk factors of atherosclerosis except:

A) Advanced age
B) Heredity
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
E) Estrogens

Question 12

Atherosclerotic aneurysms are most often located in the:

A) Coronary arteries
B) Ascending aorta
C) Thoracic aorta
D) Abdominal aorta
E) Iliac arteries

Question 13

The most common cause of infectious myocarditis in the United States is:

A) Toxoplasma gondii
B) Trypanosoma cruzi
C) Coxsackie B virus
D) Treponema pallidum
E) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 14

Which is the most common congenital heart defect recognized in clinical practice?

A) Interatrial septal defect
B) Interventricular septal defect
C) Tetralogy of Fallot
D) Transposition of great vessels
E) Coarctation of the aorta