Deck 19: Endocrine System

Question 1

A 50-year-old man who is showing signs of acromegaly is found to have an elevated concentration of growth hormone and another hormone in blood that was apparently derived from the liver. Which other hormone is most likely increased in this patient's blood?

A) Glucagon
B) Somatostatin
C) Insulin growth factor I
D) Cholecystokinin
E) Secretin

Answer 1

Insulin growth factor I

Question 2

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of which complication of diabetes?

A) Cerebral infarcts
B) Intraretinal microangiopathy
C) Diabetic glomerulosclerosis
D) Gangrene of the foot
E) Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 2

Gangrene of the foot

Question 3

This lymph node was removed from the lateral side of the neck of a 38-year-old woman who had a thyroidectomy. She had an enlarged, painless thyroid but had no signs of altered thyroid function. The lymph node shows signs of

A) autoimmune disease
B) bacterial infection
C) hyperplasia
D) neoplasia
E) metaplasia

Answer 3

neoplasia

Question 4

Calcifications of the basal ganglia are complications associated with parkinsonian-like movement disorders and calcification of the lens with cataract formation. These complications are most often associated with which of the following conditions?

A) Parathyroid adenoma
B) Secondary parathyroid hyperplasia
C) Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
D) Parathyroid carcinoma
E) Hypoparathyroidism

Question 5

The best characterized molecular abnormality in pituitary adenomas involves which of the following?

A) Cell surface receptors
B) G-proteins mediating signal transduction
C) Adenylate cyclase related cytoplasmic effectors
D) Nuclear receptors
E) DNA repair enzymes

Question 6

Thyroid ophthalmopathy is typically found in patients who have which of the following disorders?

A) Graves disease
B) Multinodular goiter
C) Toxic (hyperfunctioning) adenoma of the thyroid
D) Hashimoto thyroiditis
E) Riedel thyroiditis