Deck 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology

Question 1

After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication.This is an example of

A) primary prevention.
B) secondary prevention.
C) tertiary prevention.
D) disease treatment.

Answer 1

tertiary prevention.

Question 2

A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease.This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.

A) prodromal
B) latent
C) sequela
D) convalescence

Answer 2

latent

Question 3

When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be ________.

Answer 3

idiopathic
Many diseases are idiopathic in nature.

Question 4

The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred to as

A) latent.
B) subclinical.
C) prodromal.
D) convalescence.

Question 5

A disease that is native to a particular region is called

A) epidemic.
B) endemic.
C) pandemic.
D) ethnographic.

Question 6

Socioeconomic factors influence disease development due to

A) genetics.
B) environmental toxins.
C) overcrowding.
D) nutrition.
E) hygiene.

Question 7

A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake.This is an example of

A) primary prevention.
B) secondary prevention.
C) tertiary prevention.
D) disease treatment.

Question 8

C.Q.was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection.His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3° F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules.He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness.A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribed.The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is

A) a sore throat.
B) streptococcal infection.
C) genetic susceptibility.
D) pharyngitis.

Question 9

The nurse is swabbing a patient's throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis.The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed ________.

Question 10

A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis.This is an example of

A) primary prevention.
B) secondary prevention.
C) tertiary prevention.
D) disease treatment.

Question 11

In general, with aging, organ size and function

A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remain the same.
D) is unknown.

Question 12

An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program.This is an example of

A) primary prevention.
B) secondary prevention.
C) tertiary prevention.
D) disease treatment.

Question 13

Your patient's red blood cell is slightly elevated today.This might be explained by

A) gender difference.
B) situational factors.
C) normal variation.
D) cultural variation.
E) illness.