Deck 3: General Anatomy and Radiographic Positioning Terminology

Question 1

The least-occurring body habitus is the:

A) hyposthenic.
B) hypersthenic.
C) asthenic.
D) atrophic.

Answer 1

hypersthenic.

Question 2

How many specific types of synovial joints are there?

A) Three
B) Four
C) Five
D) Six

Answer 2

Six

Question 3

Approximately what percentage of the population has a sthenic body habitus?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 35%
D) 50%

Answer 3

5%

Question 4

L4 and L5 are located at the level of the:

A) costal margin.
B) superior iliac spine.
C) umbilicus.
D) superior aspect of the iliac crests.

Question 5

The adult skeleton is composed of how many bones?

A) 185
B) 200
C) 206
D) 208

Question 6

T9 and T10 are located at the level of the:

A) sternal angle.
B) xiphoid process.
C) jugular notch.
D) vertebra prominens.

Question 7

Any plane passing through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis is termed:

A) coronal.
B) oblique.
C) sagittal.
D) horizontal.

Question 8

Which of the following lie in the pelvic cavity?
1)Kidneys
2)Rectum
3)Urinary bladder

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 9

All of the following are located in the thoracic cavity except:

A) trachea.
B) spleen.
C) lungs.
D) esophagus.

Question 10

Some synovial joints contain synovial fluid-filled sacs outside the main joint cavity called:

A) bursae.
B) menisci.
C) ligaments.
D) fibrous capsules.

Question 11

S1 and S2 are located at the level of the:

A) costal margin.
B) umbilicus.
C) superior aspect of the iliac crests.
D) anterior superior iliac spines (ASISs).

Question 12

A plane passing vertically through the body from side to side is termed:

A) oblique.
B) sagittal.
C) coronal.
D) horizontal.

Question 13

Into how many regions is the abdomen divided?

A) Two
B) Four
C) Six
D) Nine

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the four types of body habitus?

A) Atrophic
B) Sthenic
C) Asthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 15

A plane passing through the body parallel with the midsagittal plane is termed:

A) coronal.
B) sagittal.
C) axial.
D) oblique.

Question 16

Bones are composed of an outer layer of compact bony tissue called the:

A) compact bone.
B) periosteum.
C) spongy tissue.
D) medullary canal.

Question 17

How many saddle joints are there in the body?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 18

In the "anatomic position,"" the palms of the hands are facing:

A) backward.
B) forward.
C) up.
D) down.

Question 19

Long bones have a central cylindrical cavity called the:

A) meniscus.
B) periosteum.
C) medullary cavity.
D) spongy tissue.

Question 20

All of the following are located in the abdominal cavity except:

A) kidneys.
B) stomach.
C) rectum.
D) pancreas.

Question 21

A small, smooth-surfaced process for articulation of bones is called a:

A) condyle.
B) coronoid.
C) facet.
D) tuberosity.

Question 22

The term that may also be used to refer to the posterior surface of the body is:

A) dorsal.
B) ventral.
C) volar.
D) plantar.

Question 23

After birth, a separate bone begins to develop at the ends of long bones. Each end is called the:

A) diaphysis.
B) epiphysis.
C) epiphyseal line.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 24

Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"?

A) RPO
B) LAO
C) Dorsoplantar
D) Recumbent

Question 25

The term used to describe the sole of the foot is:

A) ventral.
B) posterior.
C) plantar.
D) dorsal.

Question 26

If the central ray enters the anterior body surface and exits the posterior body surface, the x-ray projection is termed:

A) PA.
B) AP.
C) lateral.
D) axiolateral.

Question 27

A large, rounded, elevated process on a bone is called a(n):

A) malleolus.
B) epicondyle.
C) tubercle.
D) tuberosity.

Question 28

A hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves is called a:

A) groove.
B) foramen.
C) fissure.
D) facet.

Question 29

Which of the following terms are used to describe x-ray "projections"?
1)AP oblique
2)Transthoracic
3)Lateromedial

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 30

Which specific type of joint allows multiaxial movement?

A) Pivot
B) Gliding
C) Ellipsoid
D) Ball and socket

Question 31

A term that means the same as anterior is:

A) plantar.
B) distal.
C) dorsal.
D) ventral.

Question 32

When there is longitudinal angulation of the central ray with the long axis of the body, the projection will always use the term:

A) oblique.
B) axial.
C) lateral.
D) decubitus.

Question 33

A rounded process at an articular extremity is called a:

A) condyle.
B) malleolus.
C) tubercle.
D) styloid.

Question 34

Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"?

A) Tangential
B) Lordotic
C) Right anterior oblique (RAO)
D) Right lateral decubitus

Question 35

The term that refers to parts away from the head of the body, or angling the central ray toward the feet is:

A) caudad.
B) cephalad.
C) medial.
D) proximal.

Question 36

The term that refers to parts nearer the point of attachment, or origin, is:

A) distal.
B) proximal.
C) caudad.
D) cephalad.

Question 37

Some synovial joints contain a thick cushioning pad of fibrocartilage called the:

A) bursae.
B) meniscus.
C) cartilage.
D) fibrous capsule.

Question 38

Which of the following is an x-ray "position"?

A) Mediolateral
B) Craniocaudal
C) Orbitoparietal
D) Trendelenburg's

Question 39

Which of the following terms are used to describe x-ray "projections"?
1)AP
2)PA axial
3)Supine

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 40

Which of the following terms are used to describe "body positions"?
1)Upright
2)Axial
3)Prone

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 41

Study of the bones of the body is known as:

A) physiology.
B) radiology.
C) osteology.
D) orthopedics.

Question 42

The body position depicted below results in which x-ray projection?

A) PA oblique
B) AP oblique
C) Recumbent
D) Mediolateral

Question 43

Forced or excessive extension of a limb or part is termed:

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) hyperextension.
D) hyperflexion.

Question 44

Rotation of the arm toward the midline of the body from the anatomic position is termed:

A) pronation.
B) supination.
C) lateral rotation.
D) medial rotation.

Question 45

Movement of a part away from the central axis of the body or body part is termed:

A) adduction.
B) abduction.
C) extension.
D) flexion.

Question 46

The vertebra prominens is located at the level of the:

A) L2-L3.
B) L4-L5.
C) C3-C4.
D) C7-T1.

Question 47

Oblique positions are always named according to the side of the patient that is:

A) closest to the x-ray tube.
B) the source of pathology.
C) closest to the IR.
D) farthest from the IR.

Question 48

The term that refers to a part on the opposite side of the body is:

A) distal.
B) proximal.
C) ipsilateral.
D) contralateral.

Question 49

The term used to describe the act of placing the patient in the appropriate position for a radiographic examination is:

A) supine.
B) recumbent.
C) projection.
D) position.

Question 50

Movement of a part toward the central axis of the body is termed:

A) abduction.
B) adduction.
C) medial rotation.
D) lateral rotation.

Question 51

A club-shaped process on a bone is called a:

A) coronoid.
B) trochanter.
C) tuberosity.
D) malleolus.

Question 52

Which of the following positioning terms indicates that the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal?

A) Lateral
B) Decubitus
C) Recumbent
D) Mediolateral

Question 53

The plane that divides the body into equal posterior and anterior halves is termed:

A) horizontal.
B) longitudinal.
C) midcoronal.
D) midsagittal.

Question 54

Which plane specifically divides the body into equal right and left halves?

A) Axial
B) Transverse
C) Midcoronal
D) Midsagittal

Question 55

If the foot is turned inward at the ankle joint, the body movement is termed:

A) inversion.
B) eversion.
C) flexion.
D) extension.

Question 56

Which of the following terms is used to describe a patient placed "lying on the back"?

A) Supine
B) Prone
C) Lateral
D) Recumbent

Question 57

Turning the forearm so that the palm of the hand is up is termed:

A) pronation.
B) supination.
C) abduction.
D) adduction.

Question 58

Which of the following planes divides the body into superior or inferior portions?

A) Horizontal
B) Oblique
C) Midsagittal
D) Midcoronal

Question 59

Which of the following terms is plural?

A) Calculi
B) Labium
C) Vertebra
D) Bronchus

Question 60

Which of the following terms are used both as an x-ray projection and a body position?
1)Axial
2)Oblique
3)Lateral

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 61

Bones provide which of the following?
1)Protection of internal organs
2)Production of red and white blood cells
3)Attachment for the skin and fat layers

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 62

For which type of body habitus will the lungs be very short and wide?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hypersthenic
D) Hyposthenic

Question 63

The study of joints or articulations is known as:

A) arthrology.
B) osteology.
C) radiology.
D) radiography.

Question 64

Near the center of all long bones is a specific opening in the periosteum called the:

A) foramen.
B) nutrient foramen.
C) medullary cavity.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 65

For which type of body habitus will the stomach be the lowest?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hypersthenic
D) Hyposthenic

Question 66

The piece of cartilage that separates the end of a developing long bone from the central shaft is called the:

A) diaphysis.
B) epiphysis.
C) epiphyseal line.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 67

The syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints belong to which structural joint group?

A) Hinge joints
B) Fibrous joints
C) Synovial joints
D) Cartilaginous joints

Question 68

What is the name of the tough, fibrous tissue that covers all bony surfaces?

A) Endosteum
B) Periosteum
C) Compact bone
D) Spongy bone

Question 69

The tissue lining the medullary cavity of bones is called the:

A) endosteum.
B) periosteum.
C) trabeculae.
D) compact bone.

Question 70

The red marrow within bones produces _____ cells.
1)adipose
2)red blood
3)white blood

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 71

The jugular notch is located at the level of:

A) T2-T3.
B) T4-T5.
C) L2-L3.
D) L4-L5.

Question 72

Which structural joint group contains joints that are all freely movable?

A) Hinge joints
B) Fibrous joints
C) Synovial joints
D) Cartilaginous joints

Question 73

The stomach is positioned the highest in which type of body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 74

The appendicular skeleton allows the body to move in various positions. How many bones does it contain?

A) 14
B) 80
C) 126
D) 206

Question 75

How many specific types of joints are contained within the structural classification of joints?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 6
D) 11

Question 76

Near the age of 21, full ossification occurs between the ends and the central shaft of long bones. The moderately visible area where the bones join is called the:

A) epiphyseal line.
B) epiphyseal plate.
C) primary center of ossification.
D) secondary center of ossification.

Question 77

For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be very high?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 78

The lungs will be a moderate length in which body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 79

The part of the bone where muscles, tendons, or ligaments are attached is called:

A) a foramina.
B) the meatus.
C) the fossa.
D) a tuberosity.

Question 80

The longest lungs will be found in which type of body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic