Deck 12: Image Receptors

Question 1

How sensitive the film is to x-rays or light is the:

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Answer 1

film speed

Question 2

The material in the film emulsion that responds to radiation or light is the:

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Answer 2

silver halide

Question 3

The manifest image:

A) is the image after exposure to exit radiation and before chemical processing
B) is the image after chemical processing
C) is the radiographic image
D) B and C

Answer 3

B and C

Question 4

Film-screen imaging typically uses __________ film with ___________ intensifying screen(s).

A) single-emulsion;one
B) single-emulsion;two
C) double-emulsion;one
D) double-emulsion;two

Question 5

Orthochromatic film is sensitive to:

A) blue light
B) green light
C) red light
D) none of the above

Question 6

Film is the medium for:

A) processing
B) display
C) image acquisition
D) all of the above

Question 7

The layer of the film that is sensitive to light or radiation is the:

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 8

This is the film characteristic regarding how gray or black and white the image is.

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 9

According to the Gurney-Mott theory,_____________ are attracted to the sensitivity specks in the silver halide crystal after exposure to light or radiation.

A) electrons
B) metallic silver
C) gelatin
D) silver ions

Question 10

The Gurney-Mott theory explains the process of:

A) chemical processing
B) x-ray production
C) latent image formation
D) none of the above

Question 11

When film is used,mammography and CT imaging use:

A) single-emulsion film
B) double-emulsion film
C) A and B
D) none of the above

Question 12

Film speed can be increased by using ______________ or ________________ silver halide crystals.

A) smaller;more
B) smaller;less
C) larger;more
D) larger;less

Question 13

The latent image center is:

A) several sensitivity specks with silver ions attached
B) what will become metallic silver after chemical processing
C) what will become radiographic density after chemical processing
D) all of the above

Question 14

The latent film image is the image:

A) before exposure to exit radiation
B) after exposure to exit radiation and before chemical processing
C) after chemical processing
D) none of the above

Question 15

The material in the film emulsion that supports the silver halide crystals is the:

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 16

The material in the base that reduces eye strain is the:

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 17

The color of light that a film best responds to is:

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 18

High-contrast film:

A) is always very fast
B) has a narrow exposure latitude
C) has a wide exposure latitude
D) A and B

Question 19

The color of light produced by an intensifying screen is the:

A) spectral matching
B) spectral sensitivity
C) spectral emission
D) B and C

Question 20

The range of radiation exposures that will provide appropriate optical densities is:

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 21

The relative speed of a standard or fast screen-film system is approximately:

A) 50
B) 100
C) 400
D) 800

Question 22

The presence of light-absorbing dye in the phosphor layer of an intensifying screen results in the screen having a(n)________ screen speed.

A) slower
B) faster
C) identical
D) none of the above

Question 23

Having a reflective layer in an intensifying screen results in the screen having a(n)________ screen speed.

A) slower
B) faster
C) identical
D) none of the above

Question 24

The thicker the phosphor layer of an intensifying screen,the ________ the screen speed.

A) slower
B) faster
C) same
D) none of the above

Question 25

The disadvantage to using intensifying screens is:

A) increased patient exposure
B) decreased recorded detail
C) they are very expensive
D) the additional weight added to the cassette

Question 26

Using blue-sensitive film with green light-emitting screens is an example of poor:

A) spectral matching
B) spectral sensitivity
C) spectral emission
D) B and C

Question 27

Rare earth phosphors absorb approximately _______ of the incident x-ray photons.

A) 10%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 90%

Question 28

With a film-screen IR,__________ of the energy exposing the film is light energy from the intensifying screens.

A) 1%-10%
B) 15%-25%
C) 40%-60%
D) 90%-99%

Question 29

Absorption efficiency is the intensifying screen's:

A) ability to attenuate the x-ray photons
B) ability to produce light from the x-ray photons absorbed
C) speed
D) none of the above

Question 30

When using two intensifying screens,the front screen is found:

A) outside of and in front of the cassette
B) inside the cassette,away from the tube
C) inside the cassette,toward the tube
D) outside and in back of the cassette

Question 31

The relative speed of an extremity or detail screen-film system is approximately:

A) 50
B) 100
C) 400
D) 800

Question 32

Patient dose is the lowest with an film image receptor that has:

A) no screens
B) slow screens
C) fast screens
D) A and C

Question 33

The smaller the crystal in the phosphor layer of an intensifying screen,the ________ the screen speed.

A) slower
B) faster
C) same
D) none of the above

Question 34

The rare earth phosphors are used in the intensifying screen to:

A) protect the active layer
B) convert x-rays to light photons
C) convert light photons to x-rays
D) provide physical support for the active layer

Question 35

Intensifying screens are used to:

A) reduce patient exposure
B) convert light photons to x-ray photons
C) intensify the action of the light photons
D) all of the above

Question 36

A slower film-screen system has ___________ recorded detail and needs ________ mAs.

A) worse;less
B) worse;more
C) better;less
D) better;more

Question 37

Conversion efficiency is the intensifying screen's:

A) ability to attenuate the x-ray photons
B) ability to produce light from the x-ray photons absorbed
C) speed
D) none of the above

Question 38

The presence of a light-absorbing layer in an intensifying screen results in the screen having a(n)________ screen speed.

A) slower
B) faster
C) identical
D) none of the above

Question 39

The _____________ the screen speed,the __________________ the recorded detail.

A) faster;better
B) faster;worse
C) slower;better
D) B and C

Question 40

The most important layer of the intensifying screen is the:

A) base
B) phosphor layer
C) protective layer
D) absorbing layer

Question 41

The fixer solution:

A) is acidic
B) is alkaline
C) makes the latent image visible
D) none of the above

Question 42

The hypo is a:

A) fixing agent
B) washing agent
C) developing agent
D) drying agent

Question 43

Poor film-screen contact appears as an area of the radiograph that:

A) is sharp
B) is unsharp
C) has high contrast
D) is white

Question 44

The purpose of film processing is to convert the _______________ image to the __________________ image.

A) manifest;manifest
B) manifest;latent
C) latent;manifest
D) latent;latent

Question 45

The purpose of washing is to remove:

A) dirt from the film
B) fixer solution from the film
C) developer solution from film
D) B and C

Question 46

Reducing agents are found in the:

A) developer
B) dryer
C) fixer
D) none of the above

Question 47

The developer solution:

A) is acidic
B) is alkaline
C) removes silver halide from the film
D) none of the above

Question 48

Which of the following is the correct sequence for automatic film processing?

A) washing,fixing,developing,drying
B) fixing,washing,developing,drying
C) developing,washing,fixing,drying
D) developing,fixing,washing,drying

Question 49

Lead foil may be located in the ___________ of a film cassette to prevent backscatter from reaching the film.

A) front
B) back
C) middle
D) none of the above

Question 50

IRs with detail screens:

A) should be used in the bucky
B) should be used on the tabletop
C) should be used with a grid
D) all of the above

Question 51

_______________ is a flat metal surface that helps to align the film as it enters the processor.

A) recirculation
B) the feed tray
C) the standby control
D) replenishment

Question 52

Phenidone and hydroquinone are:

A) fixing agents
B) washing agents
C) developing agents
D) drying agents

Question 53

If the replenishment process fails,not allowing fresh solution to be added to the developer solution,the radiographs appear:

A) dark
B) light
C) clear
D) black

Question 54

Detail screens would be appropriate to use for a(n)_____________ examination:

A) elbow
B) chest
C) hip
D) thoracic spine

Question 55

_______________ involves the addition of fresh chemicals to the fixer and developer solutions to maintain their activity.

A) recirculation
B) the feed tray
C) the standby control
D) replenishment

Question 56

When the processor is not being used,_______________ stops the rollers from turning.It needs to be activated when it is time to start processing again.

A) recirculation
B) the feed tray
C) the standby control
D) replenishment

Question 57

_______________ system is used in the developer and fixer tanks to keep the chemicals mixed and moving.

A) recirculation
B) the feed tray
C) the standby control
D) replenishment

Question 58

Washing the film uses a process called:

A) infusion
B) diffusion
C) confusion
D) disfusion

Question 59

The fixing stage:

A) hardens the emulsion
B) removes unexposed silver halide crystals
C) makes the image permanent
D) all of the above

Question 60

The test tool to evaluate film-screen contact is the:

A) densitometer
B) sensitometer
C) wire mesh
D) penetrometer

Question 61

The type of image receptor used in cassette-based digital systems is the:

A) photostimulable phosphor plate
B) reflective layer
C) barium fluorohalide
D) plate reader

Question 62

The cassette-based digital imaging system is also referred to as:

A) DR
B) CR
C) cassette-less
D) all of the above

Question 63

Which of the following is NOT part of a darkroom and processor quality control program?

A) perform safelight fog test
B) check replenishment rates
C) determine the pH level of the fixer and developer solutions
D) all of the above are part of a recommended darkroom and processor quality control program

Question 64

This is the type of phosphor found in the cassette-based digital imaging plate.

A) photostimulable phosphor plate
B) reflective layer
C) barium fluorohalide
D) plate reader

Question 65

Inadequate washing results in a radiograph that:

A) is dark
B) is light
C) has a brown stain
D) has scratches

Question 66

If there is a light leak in the processor (perhaps the lid is not completely closed),the radiograph appears:

A) pink
B) milky
C) with streaks
D) with increased density

Question 67

This part of the plate will direct light in the right direction when the plate is read.

A) photostimulable phosphor plate
B) reflective layer
C) barium fluorohalide
D) plate reader

Question 68

The part of a PSP plate that includes a random distribution of crystals is the:

A) conductive layer
B) structured phosphor layer
C) turbid phosphor layer
D) support layer

Question 69

Radiographic film should be stored:

A) horizontally or flat
B) away from heat and ionizing radiation
C) after it is taken out of its original packaging,to save space in the darkroom
D) all of the above

Question 70

Silver recovery takes place:

A) before the new solution enters the fixer tank
B) after the old solution leaves the fixer tank but before going down the drain
C) after the old fixer solution goes down the drain
D) none of the above

Question 71

An increase of 2°-3° F in developer temperature results in radiographs that appear:

A) dark
B) light
C) clear
D) black

Question 72

This device processes the PSP plate.

A) photostimulable phosphor
B) reflective layer
C) barium fluorohalide
D) plate reader

Question 73

The part of a PSP plate that gives some rigidity to the plate is the:

A) conductive layer
B) structured phosphor layer
C) turbid phosphor layer
D) support layer

Question 74

Kodak Wratten 6B and Kodak GBX are types of:

A) films
B) processors
C) safelight filters
D) light bulbs

Question 75

If water spots appear on the radiograph,it is most likely due to:

A) low developer temperature
B) inadequate drying
C) inadequate washing
D) exhausted developer

Question 76

Metallic replacement and the electrolytic method are two methods for:

A) replenishing the fixer and developer chemicals
B) mixing the chemicals for the fixer solution
C) recovering silver from the fixer solution
D) none of the above

Question 77

Developer temperature in most automatic film processors is approximately:

A) 72°-76° F
B) 78°-83° F
C) 93°-95° F
D) 103°-108° F

Question 78

The part of a PSP plate that includes columnar crystals,resembling needles on end,is the:

A) conductive layer
B) structured phosphor layer
C) turbid phosphor layer
D) support layer

Question 79

Over time there is an accumulation of silver in the:

A) developer solution
B) fixer solution
C) washing solution
D) dryer

Question 80

The part of a PSP plate that reduces and carries away static electricity is the:

A) conductive layer
B) structured phosphor layer
C) turbid phosphor layer
D) support layer