Deck 19: Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Question 1

Melissa is using the three measures of central tendency,which is a type of

A) nominal scale.
B) ordinal scale.
C) descriptive statistic.
D) inferential statistic.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following consists of techniques for presenting numbers pictorially,often by plotting them on a histogram or frequency polygon?

A) graphical statistics
B) inferential statistics
C) figural statistics
D) nominal statistics

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Measures of variability belong to which of the following?

A) nominal scales
B) ordinal scales
C) descriptive statistics
D) inferential statistics

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Descriptive statistics are helpful in doing all of the following EXCEPT

A) making numerical information more meaningful.
B) communicating numerical data to other people.
C) drawing conclusions from small samples.
D) summarizing large amounts of data.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of descriptive statistics?

A) graphical statistics
B) inferential statistics
C) measures of central tendency
D) measures of variability

Question 6

Inferential statistics are used to

A) "boil down" numbers.
B) summarize numbers.
C) calculate measures of central tendency.
D) generalize from small samples.

Question 7

Frequency distributions provide a method of

A) organizing data and summarizing data.
B) extracting data from samples.
C) making inferences.
D) measuring z-scores.

Question 8

Graphical statistics fall into the category of

A) nominal scales.
B) ordinal scales.
C) descriptive statistics.
D) inferential statistics.

Question 9

Graphical statistics,measures of central tendency,and measures of variability are the three basic types of __________statistics.

A) nominal
B) inferential
C) descriptive
D) ordinal

Question 10

Which type of statistics are used for decision-making,for generalizing from small samples,and for drawing conclusions?

A) descriptive
B) inferential
C) nominal
D) ordinal

Question 11

Which type of statistics are used to summarize large amounts of data so that they become more meaningful and easier to communicate to others?

A) descriptive
B) inferential
C) nominal
D) ordinal

Question 12

Regarding statistics,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Statistics help us draw valid conclusions about what we have observed.
B) Statistics bring greater clarity and precision to psychological thought and research.
C) There are two major types of statistics: frequency and graphical.
D) Psychologists use statistics because they often have to base decisions on a limited amount of data.

Question 13

Regarding frequency distributions,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The entire range of possible scores is broken down into classes of equal size.
B) Scores are often expressed graphically to make them more "visual."
C) Scores are listed in random order.
D) Large amounts of numerical information can be clearly organized.

Question 14

Jan is summarizing numerical data by finding the mean,median,and mode for this set of data. She is most likely using __________ statistics.

A) descriptive
B) ordinal
C) inferential
D) nominal

Question 15

A psychologist concludes his method would be effective for teaching math to all third graders on the basis of testing it on a selected group of third graders with a control group for comparison.He is making use of

A) descriptive statistics.
B) correlations.
C) inferential statistics.
D) z-scores.

Question 16

In order to make decisions regarding the best reading program to use,Hope will be generalizing from the results of small samples of students.Hope is using __________
Statistics.

A) descriptive
B) ordinal
C) inferential
D) nominal

Question 17

After administering a unit test to her psychology students,a college professor calculates the mean and range for this test in order to better understand the performance of her students on the material in this unit.This professor is using __________statistics.

A) descriptive
B) inferential
C) nominal
D) ordinal

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an example of the use of graphical statistics?

A) breaking down a set of math test scores into classes of equal size
B) drawing a histogram based on a set of scores from a personality questionnaire
C) graphing a set of IQ scores using a frequency polygon
D) generalizing from small samples to a larger population

Question 19

Graphical statistics

A) present numbers in a pictorial format.
B) numerically describe a "typical" score in a distribution.
C) show the arithmetic average of a set of data.
D) indicate how scores differ from each other numerically.

Question 20

Which of the following is made by breaking down the entire range of possible scores into classes of equal size and then recording the number of scores falling into each class?

A) scatter diagram
B) variability plot
C) correlational matrix
D) frequency distribution

Question 21

The type of graph depicted below is a

A) scatter matrix.
B) histogram.
C) frequency polygon.
D) correlation matrix.

Question 22

Abscissa is to ordinate as

A) vertical axis is to horizontal axis.
B) horizontal axis is to vertical axis.
C) measure of central tendency is to frequency distribution.
D) frequency distribution is to measure of central tendency.

Question 23

Carol is drawing a graph of a frequency distribution in which she places the number of scores falling in each class as points on a line.Carol is graphing a

A) scatter matrix.
B) frequency polygon.
C) histogram.
D) correlation matrix.

Question 24

Kayla wants to create an organized summary of the number of people interested in each of the fifteen new products her company has designed.She should construct a

A) frequency distribution.
B) range table.
C) variability matrix.
D) standard deviation scale.

Question 25

Which of the following is made by labeling class intervals on the abscissa,frequencies on the ordinate,and then drawing bars for each class interval with the height of each bar being determined by the number of scores in each class?

A) scatter diagram
B) histogram
C) frequency polygon
D) normal curve

Question 26

A bar graph is to a histogram as dots connected by straight lines are to a

A) diorama.
B) frequency polygon.
C) pictograph.
D) scatterplot.

Question 27

Measures of central tendency

A) present numbers in a pictorial format.
B) describe a "typical" score in a distribution.
C) allow one to generalize from small samples.
D) indicate how scores differ from each other.

Question 28

On a graph,the vertical line or Y axis is called

A) abscissa.
B) ordinate.
C) standard deviation.
D) central tendency.

Question 29

Histograms and frequency polygons are visual representations of

A) frequency distributions.
B) nominal scales.
C) inferential statistics.
D) differential statistics.

Question 30

Which of the following is a graph of a frequency distribution in which the number of scores falling in each class is represented by points on a line?

A) scatter matrix
B) histogram
C) frequency polygon
D) correlation matrix

Question 31

Dots connected by straight lines are to a frequency polygon as a bar graph is to a

A) diorama.
B) pictograph.
C) histogram.
D) scatterplot.

Question 32

The propensity for a majority of scores to fall in the midrange of possible values is referred to as

A) central tendency.
B) inferential probability.
C) the causal correlational effect.
D) frequency distribution.

Question 33

A number that describes a "typical score" around which other scores fall is called a measure of

A) variability.
B) central tendency.
C) normality.
D) cohesion.

Question 34

A histogram can be described as a type of

A) bar graph.
B) polygon.
C) frequency mode.
D) class interval.

Question 35

A single number that describes a "middle score" is a(n)

A) inferential statistic.
B) frequency distribution.
C) z-score.
D) measure of central tendency.

Question 36

On a graph,the horizontal line or the X axis is called the

A) abscissa.
B) ordinate.
C) standard deviation.
D) central tendency.

Question 37

Kip is sorting scores into four classes of equal size,which then put in order.Kip is creating a

A) scatter diagram.
B) correlation.
C) frequency distribution.
D) variability plot.

Question 38

The type of graph depicted below is a

A) frequency polygon.
B) scatter diagram.
C) normal distribution.
D) histogram.

Question 39

Which is NOT a measure of central tendency?

A) mean
B) mode
C) range
D) median

Question 40

Dr.Sandford indicates the frequencies of his data using vertical bars.Dr.Sandford is constructing a

A) frequency polygon.
B) scatter diagram.
C) normal distribution.
D) histogram.

Question 41

The Reeds have five children aged 2,6,9,11,and 14.The median age of the Reed children is

A) 3.
B) 6.
C) 7.
D) 9.

Question 42

Which of the following measures of central tendency is sensitive to extremely high or low scores in a distribution?

A) mean
B) midst
C) mode
D) median

Question 43

Which measure of central tendency indicates the most frequently occurring score in a distribution?

A) mean
B) median
C) mode
D) range

Question 44

If one wants to find the median of an even number of scores,one

A) selects one of the two middle scores as the median.
B) lists both middle scores as the median.
C) averages the two scores that "share" the middle spot.
D) cannot calculate a median on an even number of scores.

Question 45

The 25 students in the psychology class take a 20-point quiz.Five of the students each obtained a score of 10 on the quiz,ten students each obtained a score of 15,and ten students each obtained a perfect scores of 20.What would be the mean of these scores?

A) 12
B) 14
C) 16
D) 18

Question 46

Twenty psychology students took a 10-point practice test.Their scores were as follows: 3,3,4,5,5,5,6,6,6,6,8,8,9,9,9,9,10,10,10,10.What would be the median?

A) 4.0
B) 6.7
C) 7.0
D) 8.0

Question 47

Which of following represents the point in a group of scores where half the values of the group of scores fall below the median and half fall above?

A) median
B) mean
C) mode
D) range

Question 48

An advantage of using the mode is that it

A) is sensitive to very high or very low scores in a distribution.
B) gives the score actually obtained by the greatest number of people.
C) is very reliable when there is a small group of scores.
D) is the most valid inferential statistic that one can use.

Question 49

Which measure of central tendency represents the "middle score" in a group of scores?

A) mean
B) median
C) mode
D) range

Question 50

There are ten students in the pre-kindergarten class.Each student is shown eight colors and asked to name them.The number of colors correctly named by each student was: 8,8,8,8,7,7,6,6,5,4.What would be the mean?

A) 4.0
B) 5.7
C) 6.7
D) 8.0

Question 51

There are ten students in the pre-kindergarten class.Each student is shown eight colors and asked to name them.The number of colors correctly named by each student was: 8,8,8,8,7,7,6,6,5,4.What would be the median?

A) 4.0
B) 6.7
C) 7.0
D) 8.0

Question 52

Measures of central tendency include the mean,median,and

A) range.
B) module.
C) mode.
D) standard deviation.

Question 53

Carla and her five girlfriends went shopping and spent $20,$12,$13,$8,$13,and $9,respectively,on cosmetics.The mode of their expenditures is

A) $9.
B) $11.
C) $12.
D) $13.

Question 54

There are ten students in the pre-kindergarten class.Each student is shown eight colors and asked to name them.The number of colors correctly named by each student was: 8,8,8,8,7,7,6,6,5,4.What would be the mode?

A) 4.0
B) 6.7
C) 7.0
D) 8.0

Question 55

The mean,median,and mode are

A) inferential statistics.
B) measures of central tendency.
C) measures of variability.
D) graphical statistics.

Question 56

Professor Warren calculated the mean,median,and mode of the scores made on the midterm exam.These descriptive statistics are known as

A) inferential statistics.
B) the measures of central tendency.
C) the measures of variability.
D) graphical statistics.

Question 57

If you add up all the scores and then divide by the number of scores,you arrive at the

A) mean.
B) median.
C) mode.
D) range.

Question 58

The 45 students in your psychology section took the test.Your instructor adds together the scores made by these students and divides by 45 to obtain the

A) median.
B) mode.
C) range.
D) mean.

Question 59

One problem with the mean is that it

A) is very difficult to compute.
B) is sensitive to extremely high or low scores.
C) gives the score actually obtained by the greatest number of people.
D) cannot be used in determining other statistical values.

Question 60

Leesa arranges her set of scores from the highest to the lowest and then selects the score that falls in the middle.Leesa has determined which measure?

A) range
B) mean
C) median
D) mode

Question 61

For the numbers 10,19,2,9,and 15,the range is

A) 10.
B) 11.
C) 15.
D) 17.

Question 62

Measures of variability

A) present numbers in a pictorial format.
B) describe a "typical" score in a distribution.
C) allow one to generalize from small samples.
D) indicate how scores differ from each other.

Question 63

Which of the following is obtained for a group of scores by finding the difference of each score from the mean,squaring each difference,finding the average of this total,and lastly,
Taking the square root of this average?

A) standard deviation
B) range
C) correlation coefficient
D) median

Question 64

Regarding z-scores,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Z-scores are a type of standard score.
B) Z-scores enable you to see where someone scored in relation to the mean.
C) Z-scores tell you how many standard deviations above or below the mean a score is.
D) Z-scores range from a score of 10 to a score of 50 on a normal curve.

Question 65

The psychology test scores for five students are 100,82,96,75,and 90.For this distribution of scores,the range is

A) 6.
B) 14.
C) 25.
D) 36.

Question 66

The range and standard deviation are measures of

A) central tendency.
B) variability.
C) frequency distribution.
D) correlation.

Question 67

The number of standard deviation units a score falls above or below the mean defines its

A) median.
B) correlation coefficient.
C) z-score.
D) average.

Question 68

When the scores are close together,the number representing this variability will be

A) large.
B) small.
C) random.
D) in the negative domain.

Question 69

The variability of a set of scores refers to which aspect of those scores?

A) average
B) spread
C) uniqueness
D) probability

Question 70

Which of the following is the index of how much a typical score differs from the mean of a group of scores?

A) z-score
B) range
C) Pearson r
D) standard deviation

Question 71

Given these scores 22,44,33,55,33,22,44,22,55,22,the mode is

A) 22.
B) 33.
C) 44.
D) 55.

Question 72

There are ten students in the pre-kindergarten class.Each student is shown eight colors and asked to name them.The number of colors correctly named by each student was: 8,8,8,8,7,7,6,6,5,4.What would be the range?

A) 4.0
B) 6.7
C) 7.0
D) 8.0

Question 73

The range is a measure of

A) central tendency.
B) variability.
C) correlation.
D) equilibrium.

Question 74

Matt is using a single score that describes how scattered or "spread out" his distribution of scores is.Matt is using a measure of

A) central tendency.
B) the mean.
C) variability.
D) the median.

Question 75

The difference between the highest and lowest scores is known as the

A) range.
B) average deviation.
C) median.
D) standard deviation.

Question 76

Which of the following is the simplest or most basic measure of variability?

A) median
B) average deviation
C) standard deviation
D) range

Question 77

When the scores are widely spread,the number representing this variability will be

A) large.
B) small.
C) random.
D) in the negative domain.

Question 78

Jeff is using a measure that will indicate how many standard deviations above or below the mean a score is.The measure being used by Jeff is called a

A) z-score.
B) Pearson r.
C) median.
D) coefficient of correlation.

Question 79

In order to convert a number to a z-score,it is necessary,within a group of scores,to know the mean and the

A) range.
B) correlation.
C) mode.
D) standard deviation.

Question 80

A particular advantage of the standard deviation is that it

A) indicates the central tendency of a group of scores.
B) gives the score actually obtained by the greatest number of people.
C) does not require having to use the mean.
D) can be used to "standardize" scores to give them more meaning.