Deck 18: Treatment of Glaucoma

Question 1

Which class used to treat glaucoma is able to promote drainage of accumulated levels of aqueous humor and reduce IOP?

A)Cholinergic agonists
B)Prostaglandin analogues
C)b-Adrenergic antagonists
D)Cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 1

Prostaglandin analogues

Question 2

Cholinergic agonists are indicated for the treatment of all of the following except _____.

A)glaucoma
B)intraocular hypertension
C)production of miosis during surgery
D)prevention of IOP

Answer 2

prevention of IOP

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic drug names.
a.Azopt
b.Trusopt
c.Xalatan
d.Alphagan
e.Timoptic
Timolol maleate

Answer 3

E

Question 4

An example of a cholinesterase inhibitor used for open angle glaucoma in the form of eye drops is _____.

A)echothiophate
B)dorzolamide
C)pilocarpine
D)dipivefrin

Question 5

Which type of surgery is indicated for people who have severe glaucoma and have not responded to standard glaucoma surgery?

A)Laser lens removal
B)Laser cyclophotocoagulation
C)Laser trabeculoplasty
D)Laser peripheral iridotomy

Question 6

Which of the following statement about the use of marijuana for glaucoma is not true?

A)Studies have shown it can reduce intraocular pressure.
B)It has been approved in some states.
C)It is a C-II drug because it is used medicinally.
D)It is a federal crime to possess it.

Question 7

Which of the following drugs can be used for open and closed angle glaucoma?

A)Acetazolamide
B)Pilocarpine
C)Levobunolol
D)Brimonidine

Question 8

IOP is caused by buildup of _____.

A)plaques on optic nerve
B)pressure against the retina
C)aqueous humor
D)scar tissue on the lens of the eye

Question 9

If a person is allergic to sulfonamide anti-infectives,they may also have an allergy to which of the following drugs used to treat glaucoma?

A)Brinzolamide
B)Acetohexamide
C)Bimatoprost
D)Timolol

Question 10

Which class of drugs is commonly used for the treatment of open angle glaucoma?

A)a-Adrenergic antagonists
B)b-Adrenergic antagonists
C)Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
D)Prostaglandins

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic drug names.
a.Azopt
b.Trusopt
c.Xalatan
d.Alphagan
e.Timoptic
Latanoprost

Question 12

How do prostaglandin analogues help treat glaucoma?

A)They dilate trabecular meshwork by relaxing the ciliary muscles to promote drainage of aqueous humor.
B)They help lower the IOP by decreasing the formation of fluid in eye.
C)They stimulate prostaglandin receptors on the ciliary cells to increase aqueous humor secretion.
D)They inhibit prostaglandin synthesis to help decrease aqueous humor formation to lower IOP.

Question 13

Which of the following is a prodrug used to treat glaucoma?

A)Apraclonidine
B)Carteolol
C)Latanoprost
D)Methazolamide

Question 14

Which of the following will not promote the drainage of accumulated levels of aqueous humor to reduce IOP?

A)Travoprost
B)Echothiophate
C)Methazolamide
D)Apraclonidine

Question 15

How is acetazolamide useful in treating glaucoma?

A)It increases the promotion of aqueous humor drainage by reducing the rate at which bicarbonate is made in the ciliary structure of the eye.
B)It decreases the rate of production of aqueous humor by reducing the rate at which bicarbonate is made in the ciliary structure in the eye.
C)It blocks the synthesis of enzymes that do not allow for aqueous humor drainage.
D)It stimulates prostaglandin receptors on the ciliary cells to increase aqueous humor secretion.

Question 16

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic drug names.
a.Azopt
b.Trusopt
c.Xalatan
d.Alphagan
e.Timoptic
Brinzolamide

Question 17

Which of the following is not true about drugs used in the treatment of glaucoma?

A)They can be divided into two main classifications.
B)Drugs used can decrease the formation of aqueous humor.
C)They all cause contraction of the pupil.
D)Drugs used can promote the drainage of aqueous humor.

Question 18

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic drug names.
a.Azopt
b.Trusopt
c.Xalatan
d.Alphagan
e.Timoptic
Dorzolamide

Question 19

Why would betaxolol be preferential for glaucoma treatment in patients who also have asthma?

A)It preferentially binds b₁-receptor sites and is less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
B)It blocks only b₂-receptors and leaves asthma receptors unchanged.
C)It attaches to receptors that cause bronchodilation,increasing the effects asthma therapy.
D)It can be used as dual therapy because it will bind to the same receptors that asthma medication binds to.

Question 20

How do b-adrenergic antagonists decrease the rate of aqueous humor formation?

A)They dilate the pupil,allowing the ciliary body to decrease the rate of aqueous humor formation.
B)They block normal parasympathetic actions on the muscles in the eye and blood vessels in the ciliary body.
C)They stimulate blood vessels in the ciliary body,reducing aqueous humor formation.
D)They block normal sympathetic actions on the muscles in the eye and blood vessels in the ciliary body.

Question 21

Administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can decrease IOP.

Question 22

Drugs used to promote drainage of the aqueous humor are called miotics.

Question 23

Patients suffering from glaucoma will lose their central vision first.

Question 24

Spirometry is a diagnostic test that is performed to measure intraocular pressure (IOP).

Question 25

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic drug names.
a.Azopt
b.Trusopt
c.Xalatan
d.Alphagan
e.Timoptic
Brimonidine

Question 26

The most common form of glaucoma is closed angle glaucoma.