Deck 9: Courts and Crime

Question 1

U.S.Magistrates Courts are courts of _________.

A) general jurisdiction
B) limited jurisdiction
C) appellate jurisdiction
D) none of these are correct

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct presentation of a state criminal court case in a commonwealth state?

A) Commonwealth of Kentucky v. Amber Roberts
B) Amber Roberts v. Commonwealth of Kentucky
C) United States of America v. Amber Roberts
D) Roberts v. Kentucky

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The first level of courts in the federal system is the _______.

A) U.S. Supreme Court
B) U.S. Circuit Courts
C) U.S. District Courts
D) U.S. Magistrates Courts

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Criminal law requires that a criminal court satisfy a burden of proof of __________.

A) beyond a reasonable doubt
B) clear and convincing evidence
C) probable cause
D) preponderance of the evidence

Question 5

Which type of case under Federal Law is the federal court system not responsible for managing?

A) Criminal
B) Civil
C) Administrative
D) All of these are responsibilities of the federal court system

Question 6

U.S.District Courts are courts of _________.

A) general jurisdiction
B) limited jurisdiction
C) appellate jurisdiction
D) none of these are correct

Question 7

The burden of proof in civil courts is __________.

A) beyond a reasonable doubt
B) clear and convincing evidence
C) probable cause
D) preponderance of the evidence

Question 8

Courts of _________ are concerned with issues of law and whether there were errors made by the trial court.

A) general jurisdiction
B) appealate jurisdiction
C) original jurisdiction
D) none of these are correct

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct presentation of a state criminal court case in the state of New York?

A) State of New York v. Amber Roberts
B) Amber Roberts v. State of New York
C) United States of America v. Amber Roberts
D) Roberts v. New York

Question 10

The court system in the United States is based upon a ________ system which reflects the state's judicial autonomy from the federal government.

A) autonomy
B) concurrent court
C) separation court
D) dual court

Question 11

In criminal court,who can file the first appeal?

A) The prosecutor
B) The accused
C) Both the prosecutor and the accused
D) No one can appeal

Question 12

This term refers to those cases in which a court may exercise lawful authority.

A) District
B) Circuit
C) Venue
D) Jurisdiction

Question 13

Courts of __________ do not have any restrictions on the types of cases that they can hear.In the criminal courts,they hear the most serious felony cases.

A) limited jurisdiction
B) subject-matter jurisdiction
C) general jurisdiction
D) original jurisdiction

Question 14

The most common type of criminal act is a violation of __________ law.

A) local
B) state
C) federal
D) civil

Question 15

Courts of __________ handle misdemeanor cases.

A) limited jurisdiction
B) subject-matter jurisdiction
C) general jurisdiction
D) original jurisdiction

Question 16

__________ is jurisdiction of a court based on the type of case that it is allowed to hear.

A) Limited jurisdiction
B) Subject-matter jurisdiction
C) General jurisdiction
D) Original jurisdiction

Question 17

The Boston Marathon bombing case of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev is an example of _______ jurisdiction.

A) geographical
B) dual
C) general
D) concurrent

Question 18

A criminal case begins in a court of ________ or a trial court,where a case is heard for the first time.

A) limited jurisdiction
B) subject-matter jurisdiction
C) general jurisdiction
D) original jurisdiction

Question 19

In order to know if the court has ___________ jurisdiction,we need to know what type of law was broken.

A) concurrent
B) geographical
C) venue
D) district

Question 20

When acts are illegal under both federal law and state law,this is referred to as _______ jurisdiction.

A) geographical
B) dual
C) general
D) concurrent

Question 21

In the ________ plan,governors appoint judges,based on their abilities and experience,to fill a short initial term.After it expires,judges have to be elected by popular vote.This is called the merit system.

A) Missouri
B) California
C) New York
D) Kentucky

Question 22

During the voir dire process,the prosecutor and the defense question potential jurors to determine who should be selected to serve.

Question 23

When a defendant is released on their own recognizance,they post a bail as a promise to appear for all future court dates.

Question 24

Each side has a limited number of __________ whereby each attorney can reject a juror without having to give a specific reason.

A) peremptory challenge
B) challenge for cause
C) unqualified juror
D) constitutional challenge

Question 25

In Gideon v.Wainwright,the Supreme Court held that peremptory challenges cannot be used against a potential juror solely on the basis of their race/ethnicity.

Question 26

Who decides whether probable cause exists in a case?

A) Police officer
B) Defense attorney
C) Judge
D) Prosecutor

Question 27

A grand jury decides whether a defendant is guilty following trial.

Question 28

How many stages are there in a criminal trial?

A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10

Question 29

A __________ is granted in cases where the court believes that a potential juror may be unfair or biased in their decision-making.

A) peremptory challenge
B) challenge for cause
C) unqualified juror
D) constitutional challenge

Question 30

Which of the following is not an ancillary member of the court?

A) Bailiff
B) The clerk of the court
C) Court reporter
D) All of these are ancillary members

Question 31

The ruling in this landmark Supreme Court case was that defendants are entitled to an attorney if they are accused on a crime.If they cannot afford an attorney,they will be appointed one by the government.

A) Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
B) Katz v. United States (1967)
C) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
D) Batson v. Kentucky (1986)

Question 32

For the majority of states,the appellate level is divided into intermediate courts of appeals as well as a court of last resort,also known as the state supreme court.

Question 33

Prosecutorial misconduct can include behaviors such as the use of perjured testimony,failing to disclose preferential treatment to a jailhouse informant,or misstating the law to the jury which impacted their decision-making process.

Question 34

Who is tasked with bringing the case to court?

A) Police officer
B) Defense attorney
C) Judge
D) Prosecutor

Question 35

The term en banc means that the full bench hears the case.

Question 36

Some cases involve violations of both criminal and civil law.

Question 37

The____ amendment of the constitution states that persons who have been accused of a crime have the right to an attorney to assist in their defense.

A) first
B) fourth
C) sixth
D) eighth

Question 38

During an initial appearance,the defendant is officially notified by the court of the charges that are pending against them.

Question 39

The indictment is the official declaration that there is probable cause to charge the accused with a crime.

Question 40

The ___________ is an option for the court to establish whether probable cause exists for the case to move forward.

A) Grand jury
B) Arraignment
C) First appearance
D) Preliminary hearing.

Question 41

What is geographical jurisdiction?

Question 42

What is a plea bargain and why is it important?

Question 43

What is the jurisdiction of the U.S.Federal Court System?

Question 44

What is the primary role of the prosecution and the defense?

Question 45

What guidance is provided for prosecutors by the American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct?

Question 46

What is the primary difference between a grand jury and a trial jury?

Question 47

What is the difference in the burden of proof required in criminal and civil proceedings?

Question 48

What is the composition of the U.S.Supreme Court,and how are the justices appointed?

Question 49

There are nine stages in a criminal trial.

Question 50

Appeals by permission involve cases where the appellate court must hear.

Question 51

At the state court level,how are judges selected?

Question 52

Courts of limited jurisdiction handle misdemeanor cases.

Question 53

What is meant by a dual court system?

Question 54

Describe the process of a criminal trial.

Question 55

In order for a case to reach the Supreme Court,it has to exhaust all of its appeals in the lower courts.Then they must petition the Court to hear the case.This is called a writ of certiorari.

Question 56

What is the difference between a challenge for cause and a peremptory challenge?

Question 57

Provide one example of a case that has violations of both criminal and civil law.

Question 58

What process must a case go through in order to reach the U.S.Supreme Court?

Question 59

The first U.S.Supreme Court was established in 1789 with nine members: a Chief Justice and eight associate justices.

Question 60

What is the difference between general jurisdiction and limited jurisdiction?

Question 61

Describe the court process from arrest to arraignment.

Question 62

Describe the history of gender and racial diversity on the Supreme Court.

Question 63

Should physical evidence be required to convict? Defend your answer.

Question 64

Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of plea bargains for at least two court players (defendant,prosecution,defense attorney,judge,or criminal justice system).

Question 65

Argue for the best method of selecting judges.Include two other methods of selecting state judges.

Question 66

List and briefly describe the four types of jurisdiction discussed in your text.

Question 67

Describe the three steps of the Missouri plan.

Question 68

Describe the state court structure.

Question 69

Draw the federal court structure.

Question 70

Describe the federal court structure and what happens in each court.

Question 71

Select two court actors,and describe their role in the courtroom.

Question 72

How is it that someone could get acquitted in criminal court but lose in civil court?