Deck 20: The Progressive Era, 1890-1920

Question 1

Woodrow Wilson was elected president in 1908.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Theodore Roosevelt considered the Federal Trade Commission to be the cornerstone of his anti-trust program.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Underwood-Simmons bill created the first regular federal income tax.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

William Howard Taft finished second in the presidential election of 1912.

Question 5

One of Taft's major issues became his support for high tariffs.

Question 6

Socialism was an antecedent to progressivism.

Question 7

Many reformers were motivated by conservative religious beliefs.

Question 8

Many of the most prominent progressives endorsed Roosevelt's bid to be the first president representing a third party,the "Bull Moose" Progressive party.

Question 9

During the Progressive Era,who was considered a leading reformer?

A)Willa Cather
B)Upton Sinclair
C)Samuel Gompers
D)Jane Addams
E)William Prescott

Question 10

Which of the following would have been considered an average progressive during that period?

A)Christian moralists
B)Bankers
C)Entrepreneurs
D)Small business owners
E)Southern Bourbons

Question 11

William H.Taft achieved the most significant tariff reduction of any progressive president.

Question 12

Federal money for farm demonstration agents was approved in the Adamson Act.

Question 13

The phrase "Square Deal" is associated with Theodore Roosevelt.

Question 14

Which of the following was not a motive of reformers?

A)To end corruption in business
B)To restore faith in political parties
C)To end what many thought was a crisis of democracy
D)To abolish slavery
E)To close the gap between rich and poor

Question 15

Woodrow Wilson was a minister's son who grew up in the South.

Question 16

Which of the following was not a big business that attracted cheap laborers to their factories during the Progressive period?

A)Railroads
B)Steel manufacturing
C)Coal mining
D)Oil refineries
E)Farming

Question 17

Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business.

Question 18

Wilson was a weak president who trusted Congress to adopt the proper policies.

Question 19

How was the foundation of the progressive movement different than that of the Populist movement?

A)The progressive movement was based on addressing rural issues.
B)The Populist movement was based on addressing issues that farmers had with Congress.
C)The progressive's goal was to reform the political system so that minorities would be represented.
D)The progressive movement was based on addressing issues that occurred in urban areas.
E)The Populist movement desired to replace capitalism with socialism.

Question 20

The popular election of senators required a constitutional amendment.

Question 21

A system of governance in which a trained administrator was appointed to run a city was called a

A)mayoral plan.
B)county judge plan.
C)city-manager plan.
D)city council plan.
E)commission system.

Question 22

Individuals labeled Mugwumps were best associated with which concept?

A)Honest government
B)Social Darwinism
C)Laissez-faire capitalism
D)Communism
E)Invisible Hand theory

Question 23

According to your textbook,what often limited reformers like Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson's actions?

A)Their belief in the supremacy of the "Anglo-Saxon race"
B)Their belief in the inherent honesty in mankind
C)Their belief that it was not the role of government to affect social change
D)Their belief that it was not their jobs to work to better society
E)Their belief that capitalism would enrich people to reach higher social statuses if they just worked harder

Question 24

Which of the following was not a method adopted during the Progressive Era to improve government?

A)Initiative
B)Recall
C)Term limits
D)Direct primary
E)Referendum

Question 25

The father of the muckrakers,and their style of writing,could be considered

A)Upton Sinclair.
B)Theodore Roosevelt.
C)Wilfred Brimley.
D)Samuel McClure.
E)Ida Tarbell.

Question 26

What new method of governing cities was first implemented in Galveston,Texas,after a hurricane destroyed the city?

A)The commission system
B)The spoils system
C)The viceroy system
D)The city-manager system
E)The Ohio system

Question 27

Many of the reforms pushed by the Populists

A)had disastrous effects when implemented.
B)were very successful in changing society.
C)were implemented by the progressives.
D)had no effect on their intended areas.
E)were later ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

Question 28

Frederick Winslow Taylor and the gospel of efficiency is best associated with which concept?

A)Scientific management
B)Social Darwinism
C)Reform capitalism
D)Neo-conservatism
E)Gospel of wealth

Question 29

Which of the following was not part of the "good government" movement of the Progressive Era?

A)Ending segregated schools
B)Providing access to electricity
C)Ensuring all drinking water was clean
D)Providing for regular garbage collection
E)Implementing mass transit systems

Question 30

Which of the following was not a goal of late 19th century progressives?

A)Honest government
B)Effective regulation of businesses
C)Better lives for Americans
D)Efficient government
E)Equality for minorities

Question 31

Who is best associated with the Hull House?

A)Jane Addams
B)Ida Tarbell
C)Upton Sinclair
D)Besty Braddock
E)Angela Sims

Question 32

The groups behind the YWCA and YMCA created their programs because

A)they believed that Christianity had gotten too far from the lower economic classes.
B)they believed that Christ had called them to better their bodies through fitness.
C)they believed that the Devil could be better resisted by stronger people.
D)they believed that they were countering socialist movements by atheists.
E)they believed that they could avoid sicknesses among the lower classes by being healthier.

Question 33

The group of journalists who drew attention to the abuses in society and published them in stories were known collectively as

A)Mugwumps.
B)Loco Focos.
C)Muckrakers.
D)Shivercrats.
E)Dixiecrats.

Question 34

What was the progressive approach to social problems?

A)Investigate,educate,legislate
B)Implement,eradicate,execute
C)Evaluate,syndicate,socialize
D)Conform,conform,conform
E)Eradicate,legislate,regulate

Question 35

In 1900 ______ of 82 million Americans lived in poverty.

A)10 million
B)25 million
C)43 million
D)50 million
E)63 million

Question 36

One way that American socialists differed from European socialists was that

A)European socialists tended to incite riots.
B)American socialists did not advocate for government ownership of businesses.
C)European socialists published their beliefs in the forms of paperback books.
D)American socialists created political parties aimed at overthrowing the government.
E)European socialists were rarely successful.

Question 37

What ignited the progressive movement?

A)The collapse of the B & O Railroad
B)The worst economic downturn in U.S.history
C)The gap between rich and poor growing wider
D)The lack of opportunities for unskilled laborers
E)The lack of representation in Congress for minorities

Question 38

This belief during the Progressive Era persuaded followers to pursue their ideals to effect the coming of the "Kingdom of God."

A)Social Darwinism
B)Social capitalism
C)Social gospel
D)Social security
E)Social engineering

Question 39

The concept of socialism is most associated with

A)Vladmir Lenin.
B)Karl Marx.
C)Josef Stalin.
D)Josef Broz Tito.
E)Upton Sinclair.

Question 40

How did Lincoln Steffens propose ending the abuses toward society during the Progressive Era?

A)Overthrow the government
B)Provide for the direct election of senators
C)Vote for the socialist candidates
D)Make democracy more democratic
E)Abolish slavery

Question 41

During the Progressive Era,what was the most popular form of reform?

A)Temperance
B)Reforming child labor
C)Abolishing sweatshops
D)Providing universal female suffrage
E)Limiting the work day to ten hours

Question 42

Which political party ran as a third party in the 1912 election?

A)Libertarian
B)Independent
C)Socialist
D)Reform
E)American

Question 43

Whereas Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism plan wanted to ________ trusts,Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom plan wanted to________ them.

A)eliminate,regulate
B)regulate,eliminate
C)promote,contain
D)encourage,limit
E)contain,encourage

Question 44

What book brought to light the abuses in the United States meatpacking industry in the early 20th century?

A)Ida Tarbell's The Octopus
B)Jane Weaver's For Whom the Bell Tolls
C)Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
D)Henry Adams' Not Here
E)Elizabeth Cady Stanton's Through My Eyes

Question 45

The biggest stumbling block to progressivism during the Progressive Era was

A)Congress.
B)state legislatures.
C)big business.
D)the president.
E)the Supreme Court.

Question 46

President Theodore Roosevelt accomplished the majority of his progressive agenda

A)by convincing Congress to pass legislation.
B)by working with Congress to compromise on legislation.
C)through executive actions.
D)through state initiatives.
E)through a popular speaking tour.

Question 47

The Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution provided for

A)direct election of senators.
B)universal suffrage for women.
C)an income tax.
D)prohibition.
E)abolishment of slavery.

Question 48

President Theodore Roosevelt intervened personally to break which strike?

A)1902 coal strike
B)1904 Pullman strike
C)1900 Pinkerton strike
D)1876 Haymarket strike
E)1906 Standard Oil strike

Question 49

President Taft won office because

A)he was supported by Roosevelt.
B)he ran on an anti-reform ticket.
C)the people were tired of Theodore Roosevelt and voted against him.
D)he was the only candidate who ran for office.
E)the democrats ran an unknown candidate for office.

Question 50

Which statement best describes President Wilson?

A)He found it hard to understand and work with people who did not agree with him.
B)He was more interested in being loved than being right.
C)He saw the presidency as a balance between Congress and the Supreme Court.
D)He was the first imperial president.
E)He did not believe the Constitution constrained his powers as president.

Question 51

Whereas President Theodore Roosevelt saw himself as a _____________,President Taft saw himself as a _________.

A)victor of politics,target of character assassination
B)spirit of freedom,champion of reform
C)crusader of reform,judge-like administrator
D)capitalist,socialist
E)candidate of the people,candidate of big business

Question 52

Which of the following was not an example of a group created during the Progressive Era to promote social justice?

A)National Consumers League
B)General Federation of Women's Club
C)Chicago Women's Club
D)Women's Christian Temperance Union
E)Young Women's Christian Association

Question 53

The first "progressive" president was

A)William McKinley.
B)Theodore Roosevelt.
C)William Howard Taft.
D)Woodrow Wilson.
E)Warren G.Harding.

Question 54

The reason that Woodrow Wilson won the presidency in 1912 was

A)that God ordained it.
B)because Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote.
C)because the voters knew Wilson would not take them to war in Europe.
D)because the people were tired of Republican presidents.
E)that he ran a better campaign than his opponents.

Question 55

Need for reforming the workplace was brought to national attention in 1911 when a fire broke out at

A)Union Carbide refinery.
B)the Triangle Shirtwaist factory.
C)McCall's magazine publisher.
D)George Pullman's factory in Philadelphia.
E)United States Steel manufacturing.

Question 56

President Theodore Roosevelt's presidential plan was called the

A)New Frontier.
B)New Deal.
C)Square Deal.
D)Fair Deal.
E)Final Frontier.

Question 57

Because of the Roosevelt-Taft feud,Theodore Roosevelt decided to

A)not seek a third term in office.
B)break a pledge he had made to not seek another term in office.
C)not nominate Taft to be chief justice.
D)support Woodrow Wilson for president in 1912.
E)refuse to return to the United States while Taft was still president.

Question 58

The first monopoly broken up by President Theodore Roosevelt was

A)U.S.Steel.
B)Northern Securities Company.
C)IGN Railroad.
D)American Oil Corporation.
E)General Electric.

Question 59

What incident set off the Taft-Roosevelt feud?

A)The breakup of Standard Oil
B)The loss of the Lusitania and Taft's refusal to declare war on Germany
C)The Ballinger-Pinchot controversy
D)The abolishment of slavery
E)Roosevelt's refusal to follow the two-term tradition

Question 60

What reason did Wilson give for proposing tariff reform?

A)To force American companies to compete with cheaper foreign goods
B)To combat misuse of the tariff by corporations
C)To pressure Germany to lower their hostility toward England
D)To smooth the way for the passage of the income tax
E)He believed it was no longer needed

Question 61

Discuss the issue of conservation and what President Theodore Roosevelt did to promote this important issue.

Question 62

Analyze the issue of race during the progressive era.

Question 63

President Wilson argued that women's suffrage

A)should be enacted by federal legislation.
B)should be enacted by the states.
C)should be enacted by constitutional amendment.
D)should not be allowed.
E)was not an important issue.

Question 64

In what ways could the progressive movement be considered paradoxical?

Question 65

Part of Wilson's anti-trust program was

A)the abolishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
B)the creation of the Bureau of Corporations.
C)the creation of the Federal Trade Commission.
D)the abolishment of the Railroad Commission.
E)the reenactment of the Bank of the United States.

Question 66

Write an essay discussing the expanding role of the federal government during the Progressive Era.In what ways was the power of the government expanding? Why was that power being expanded?

Question 67

Compare and contrast Roosevelt's New Nationalism and Wilson's New Freedom.In what ways were they similar? In what ways were the different? How might one account for those differences?

Question 68

In 1914,what did Wilson do to anger progressives?

A)Allowed trusts to be reformed
B)Announced that his New Freedom plan was complete
C)Backtracked on tariff reform
D)Abolished segregation
E)Enacted immigration restrictions

Question 69

Write an essay exploring the "efficiency movement" and how it both impacted industry and politics.

Question 70

Write an essay discussing the political changes wrought by the progressive movement.

Question 71

Wilson's definition of progressivism applied to _______ only.

A)the white
B)the rich
C)the poor
D)immigrants
E)native-born Americans

Question 72

Write an essay discussing the various themes of progressivism.

Question 73

What changes did progressivism bring to America? How was America different in 1920 from what it had been in 1900 because of progressivism?

Question 74

Write an essay exploring the many "firsts" of Woodrow Wilson and his presidency.

Question 75

Describe the relationship between Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.Show how the two men eventually found themselves running against each other for president.

Question 76

Which one of the progressive presidents was the most progressive? Which was the least progressive? Explain.

Question 77

This lowered tariff rates for the first time since the Civil War.

A)Hart-Smoot Act
B)Dingley Tariff
C)Underwood-Simmons Tariff
D)Mongrel Tariff
E)Federal Reserve Act

Question 78

Analyze the changes in business caused by the progressives.

Question 79

How did the progressives accomplish their goals? In your discussion,include specific reformers and their strategies.

Question 80

Describe the origin of the progressive movement.What were the motives of the progressives?